django的CBV

django-CBV

• FBV : 基于函数的视图
• CBV : 基于类的视图

CBV类的基类View

class View:
    """
   
    """
	# 定义 请求的方式 
    http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'patch', 'delete', 'head', 'options', 'trace']

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        """
        构建View对象，将格外传过来的字典中的键作为 View对象的属性， value作为属性值
        """
        # Go through keyword arguments, and either save their values to our
        # instance, or raise an error.
        for key, value in kwargs.items():
            setattr(self, key, value)
			

    @classonlymethod
    def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):
        """
			as_view 是将 视图类 转换为 视图函数
		"""
        for key in initkwargs:
			
			# as_view 传过来的额外参数 不能是 http_method_names 定义的名字
		
            if key in cls.http_method_names:
                raise TypeError(
                    'The method name %s is not accepted as a keyword argument '
                    'to %s().' % (key, cls.__name__)
                )
				
			# as_view 传过来的额外参数 不能是 View对象的属性 或者 方法
            if not hasattr(cls, key):
                raise TypeError("%s() received an invalid keyword %r. as_view "
                                "only accepts arguments that are already "
                                "attributes of the class." % (cls.__name__, key))
		
        def view(request, *args, **kwargs):
			"""
				处理业务、返回 HttpResponse
			"""
			
			# 初始化 View对象
            self = cls(**initkwargs)
			
			#  将 request, args, kwargs 赋值给 当前 View对象
            self.setup(request, *args, **kwargs)
			
            if not hasattr(self, 'request'):
                raise AttributeError(
                    "%s instance has no 'request' attribute. Did you override "
                    "setup() and forget to call super()?" % cls.__name__
                )
				
			# 通过请求方式名 或者 View对象的 方法名，并调用方法、返回HttpResponse
            return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
			
			
        view.view_class = cls
        view.view_initkwargs = initkwargs

        # take name and docstring from class
        update_wrapper(view, cls, updated=())

        # and possible attributes set by decorators
        # like csrf_exempt from dispatch
        update_wrapper(view, cls.dispatch, assigned=())
        return view

    def setup(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """Initialize attributes shared by all view methods."""
		
        if hasattr(self, 'get') and not hasattr(self, 'head'):
            self.head = self.get
			
        self.request = request
        self.args = args
        self.kwargs = kwargs


    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
		"""
			将 请求 分发给 对应的 请求方法
		"""
        if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
			
			# 获取 View对象 和 请求方法名 相同 方法
            handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(), self.http_method_not_allowed)
        else:
            handler = self.http_method_not_allowed
			
		# 调用 视图函数、完成业务处理	
        return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)


    def http_method_not_allowed(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
		"""
			405 请求方法不允许
		"""
        logger.warning(
            'Method Not Allowed (%s): %s', request.method, request.path,
            extra={'status_code': 405, 'request': request}
        )
        return HttpResponseNotAllowed(self._allowed_methods())


    def options(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
		"""
			获取允许的所有请求方法
		"""
	
        """Handle responding to requests for the OPTIONS HTTP verb."""
        response = HttpResponse()
        response['Allow'] = ', '.join(self._allowed_methods())
        response['Content-Length'] = '0'
        return response

    def _allowed_methods(self):
		"""
			获取当前 View 允许的所有请求方法、并转为大写
		"""
        return [m.upper() for m in self.http_method_names if hasattr(self, m)]

通用视图

• ListView
• DetailView
• CreateView
• DeleteView
• UpdateView

get_queryset()

根据 queryset 或者 model 查询 对应模型的所有数据

通过 ordering 进行排序