Ubuntu Server 开发环境配置
编译软件
sudo apt install -y make cmake gcc build-essential
常用软件
sudo apt install git curl wget zsh vim unzip -y
Oh My Zsh
git clone https://hub.fastgit.org/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh.git ~/.oh-my-zsh
cp ~/.oh-my-zsh/templates/zshrc.zsh-template ~/.zshrc
chsh -s /bin/zsh
Nginx
sudo apt install -y curl gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release
添加最新稳定版源
echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list
下载签名密钥
curl -o /tmp/nginx_signing.key https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
验证密钥是否和官网一致
gpg --dry-run --quiet --import --import-options show-only /tmp/nginx_signing.key
官网密钥
pub rsa2048 2011-08-19 [SC] [expires: 2024-06-14]
573BFD6B3D8FBC641079A6ABABF5BD827BD9BF62
uid nginx signing key <signing-key@nginx.com>
添加密钥
sudo mv /tmp/nginx_signing.key /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/nginx_signing.asc
更新 apt 仓库, 并下载 Nginx
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y nginx
Node
Nvm GitHub 是 Node.js 多版本管理工具
raw.githubusercontent.com
国内可能无法访问, 所以使用加速地址
git clone https://hub.fastgit.org/nvm-sh/nvm.git ~/.nvm
配置环境便, 编辑 vim ~/.zshrc
, 添加一下内容
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" # This loads nvm bash_completion
常用的命令:
nvm install --lts
安装最新 Node.jsnvm install 12
安装指定版本 Node.jsnvm alias default 8.1.0
设置指定版本的 Node.js 为默认版本
PHP
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt-get update
PHP 7.4
sudo apt install php7.4-fpm php7.4-cli php7.4-mbstring php7.4-zip php7.4-mysql php7.4-xml php7.4-gd php7.4-bcmath php7.4-dev
Composer
php -r "copy('https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
php composer-setup.php
php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"
sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer
Composer 国内镜像 全局配置
composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/
取消全局配置
composer config -g --unset repos.packagist
Composer 国内镜像 当前项目配置
composer config repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/
MySQL
安装指定版本的 MySQL, 源码编译过程耗时太长, 直接下载 二进制文件
下载地址: https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
下载 DEB Bundle
, 解压之后得到一组 .deb
文件
依赖
sudo apt install -y libaio1 libmecab2
正确安装顺序
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client-plugins_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client-core_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server-core_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-client_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libmysqlclient21_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server_8.0.23-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
创建用户, 方便远程登录
create user 'demodeom'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '111111';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'demodeom'@'%' with grant option;
Python
Pyenv GitHub 是 Python 多版本管理工具,Pyenv 通过编译的方式安装 Python
安装依赖
sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev \
libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm \
libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev libxml2-dev libxmlsec1-dev libffi-dev liblzma-dev
安装 Pyenv
git clone https://hub.fastgit.org/pyenv/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv
配置环境变量
export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"
export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init --path)"
常用命令:
- 安装指定版本
pyenv install 3.9.5
- 设置全局默认版本
pyenv global 3.9.5
注: 安装过程分为 下载源码 和 编译,如果源码下载速度过慢, 使用第三方下载工具,下载之后, 存放到 ~/.pyenv/cache
目录即可, 如果目录不存在, 手动创建即可
源码下载地址 https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.5/Python-3.9.5.tar.xz
, 其他版本修改版本号即可
安装 PIP
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python get-pip.py
Java
JDK 环境变量配置
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk11
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH