Exchange交换机-direct模式

消息的整个流转过程：

1. producer发送一条消息到exchange
2. 通过匹配routingKey将消息路由到指定队列
   （发送消息时设置的routingKey和exchange和队列绑定时候的bindingKey去路由）
3. consumer端监听队列，消费消息
   

Exchange:交换机负责接收消息，并根据路由key将消息路由到指定队列

交换机的属性：

1. name-交换机名称
2. type-交换机类型direct(直连)、topic(主题)、fanout(广播)、headers
3. durability-是否需要持久化，持久化后MQ server重启后交换机还在
4. auto delete-当最后一个和该交换机绑定的队列被删除后，交换机自动删除
5. arguments: 扩展参数

direct:消息进入其绑定key与消息的路由key完全匹配的队列,必须完全匹配

代码演示：

1. 核心依赖包

<!--尽量安装的MQ和使用的rabbitmq客户端依赖版本统一，防止意外的幺蛾子-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
			<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
			<version>3.6.5</version>
		</dependency>

2. 生产者

• 消息routingKey分别为：info、debug和error

package com.vivo.demo1.direct;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * @author:luzaichun
 * @Date:2020/12/13
 * @Time:21:43
 **/
public class Producer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.3.6");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");

        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        for (int i=0;i<5;i++){
            channel.basicPublish("direct_exchange","info",null,(i+"这是一条info消息").getBytes());
            channel.basicPublish("direct_exchange","debug",null,(i+"这是一条warn消息").getBytes());
            channel.basicPublish("direct_exchange","error",null,(i+"这是一条error消息").getBytes());
        }

    }
}

3. 消费者1

• 队列是:direct_other_log_queue
• 路由key：info 、warn 、debug

package com.vivo.demo1.direct;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * @author:luzaichun
 * @Date:2020/12/13
 * @Time:21:18
 **/
public class Consumer1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException, InterruptedException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setHost("192.168.3.6");
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");

        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        String exchange = "direct_exchange";

        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchange,"direct",false,false,null);
        //info warn debug日志队列
        channel.queueDeclare("direct_other_log_queue",false,false,false,null);
        channel.queueBind("direct_other_log_queue",exchange,"info");
        channel.queueBind("direct_other_log_queue",exchange,"debug");
        channel.queueBind("direct_other_log_queue",exchange,"warn");



        QueueingConsumer queueingConsumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
        channel.basicConsume("direct_other_log_queue",true,queueingConsumer);
        while (true){
            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = queueingConsumer.nextDelivery();
            System.out.println("other的消息："+new String(delivery.getBody()));
        }
    }
}

4. 消费者2

• 队列是：direct_error_log_queue
• 路由key:error

package com.vivo.demo1.direct;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * @author:luzaichun
 * @Date:2020/12/13
 * @Time:21:18
 **/
public class Consumer2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException, InterruptedException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setHost("192.168.3.6");
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");


        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        String exchange = "direct_exchange";

        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchange,"direct",false,false,null);

        //error日志队列
        channel.queueDeclare("direct_error_log_queue",false,false,false,null);
        channel.queueBind("direct_error_log_queue",exchange,"error");


        QueueingConsumer queueingConsumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
        channel.basicConsume("direct_error_log_queue",true,queueingConsumer);
        while (true){
            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = queueingConsumer.nextDelivery();
            System.out.println("error的消息："+new String(delivery.getBody()));
        }
    }
}

5. 测试
启动2个消费者后可以在管控台查看到exchange的绑定关系。
direct_exchange和2个队列绑定（direct_error_log_queue、direct_other_log_queue）

• error的路由key路由到direct_error_log_queue队列
• debug、info、warn的路由key路由到direct_other_log_queue队列

当我们在生产端发送消息的时候，routingKey字段需要完全匹配于交换机和队列的绑定key

6. 查看结果


可以看到routingKey为info和debug的消息，都路由到了consumer1也就是direct_other_log_queue；routingKey为error的消息都路由到了consuemr2也就是direct_error_log_queue队列，符合预期。