Netty学习笔记-第一个HttpServer

本demo是学习netty，开发的第一个简单httpserver。

1.HttpServer主类（启动类）

package com.lzc.neety2;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

/**
 * @author:luzaichun
 * @Date:2021/5/4
 * @Time:0:19
 **/
public class HttpServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap
                    .group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .childHandler(new MyChannelInitializer());
            //绑定端口8888，启动netty的HttpServer
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(8888).sync();
            System.out.println("服务器启动完成。。。。。。。。。。。。");
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

2. MyChannelInitializer继承自ChannelInitializer

自定义一个MyChannelInitializer主要是为了将主类中serverBootstrap.childHandler()这一坨代码提出来。方便后其维护

package com.lzc.neety2;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;

/**
 * @author:luzaichun
 * @Date:2021/5/4
 * @Time:0:21
 **/
public class MyChannelInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
        //向管道中加入处理器
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();

        pipeline
                //加入一个netty提供的http的编码，解码处理器
                .addLast(new HttpServerCodec())
                //加入一个自定义的处理器
                .addLast(new MyHttpServerHandler());
    }
}

3. 自定义的处理器

请求的接收何处理

package com.lzc.neety2;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

import java.net.URI;

/**
 * @author:luzaichun
 * @Date:2021/5/4
 * @Time:0:29 自定义的处理器
 * SimpleChannelInboundHandler：是ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter子类
 * HttpObject：客户端和服务器端相互通信的数据，被封装成HttpObject
 **/
public class MyHttpServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObject> {
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, HttpObject httpObject) throws Exception {
        if (httpObject instanceof HttpRequest) {
            //拿到浏览器请求
            HttpRequest httpRequest = (HttpRequest) httpObject;
            //拿到请求的url和请求参数
            URI uri = new URI(httpRequest.getUri());
            String path = uri.getPath();
            String query = uri.getQuery();
            //过滤掉图标的请求
            if ("/favicon.ico".equals(path)) {
                return;
            }
            System.out.println("url:" + path);
            System.out.println("paramters:" + query);

            //TODO 拿到请求url和参数之后，就可以做route了

            //回复消息
            ByteBuf byteBuf = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("我是httpServer", CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
            FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpResponseStatus.OK, byteBuf);
            response.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain;charset=utf-8");
            response.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH, byteBuf.readableBytes());

            channelHandlerContext.writeAndFlush(response);
            System.out.println("===========================服务器发送消息完毕========================");
        }

    }
}