澳方课单片机 实验代码 Code

目录

7

Lecture

Tut

Write and test a C function for the Atmel AVR to check if an 8-bit integer input n is a prime number.

Lab

read_keypad() display_7led()

8

Lecture

Tut

Write a C program to control a pan-tilt camera through the serial port 

Write a C program to continually read a character from the serial port ofATmega16 and send the character to PORTA. Use parameters in Q2b-i

Lab

Keypad + Serial communication

9

Lecture

 

Tut

Write a C function that uses Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt to create a delay of n seconds.

 Use delay() to produce square waves of period 4s and 10s on PB.0 and PB.1.

Write C program that uses Timer 1 Input Capture Interrupt to measure the pulse width of a periodic rectangular signal

Write C interrupt-driven program that receives a digit through a serial port andshows it on the 7-segment display.

Lab

10

Lecture

 Write C program that lets the user press switches SW6 and SW7 on STK500 board to rotate the motor left and right, respectively.

Tut

Describe an interrupt-driven approach that uses Timer 1 CTC mode to invert port B every 5 seconds.

Use Fast PWM mode of Timer 1 to produce a signal with a period p (μs) and pulse width w (μs) on pin OC1A.

Use Phase Correct PWM mode of Timer 1 to produce a PWM signal with frequency 50Hz and duty cycle of 10%.

Use Timer 1 to send a text message through the serial port every 2 seconds. The message should indicate the current value of port B. The serial transmission parameters are 1200bps, 8N1.

Lab

11

Lecture

Tut

Lab

 Lab Exam Code

/*
 * 333PracExam.c
 *
 * Created: 9/11/2020 12:35:55 AM
 * Author : Zhao Hangji
 */

/*
 * Question Description:  Write a C program for the ATmega16 that repeatedly gets an input from the user and inverts LEDs on the STK500 board.
 
 * General steps: 1) Write function to read from keypad to PORTB(0~9,#). 
 *                2) Write function to create a delay of n second. Set the delay to 1 second in main function.
 *				  3) Use while(1) loop and two if() structures to invert LED3 every n second and invert LED4  every 4n seconds. 
 *                4) In the while(1) loop , let i++ and then reset the i to enable the LED will repeatedly reverted. 
 
 * Hardware connection: 1)the 4-by-3 keypad is connected to PORTB.
 *                      2)the 8 LEDs (LED0, LED1, ..., LED7) are connected to PORTD
 */

/*
 * Problem & Solution:  1) Q:The User don not press keypad, but the LED is on or repeatedly inverted.
 *                         Possible reason: PORTB = 0x00  turn OFF all LEDs initially
 *                      2) Q:The delay time is not correct.
 *                         Possible reason: After use Timer1 create a delay of n second, in the main function the delay needs to be set to 1 second. 
 */

#include <avr/io.h> // AVR header file for all registers/pins
#include <avr/interrupt.h> // AVR header file for interrupt
 
volatile int overflow_count;

//Function to read from keypad
unsigned char read_keypad(){
	unsigned char key; // key press
	unsigned char portb_value; //to store input value to PortB
	//Array to make assuming the keypad more efficient
	unsigned char keypad_col_bit[3]={6,5,4};
	unsigned char keypad_row_bit[4]={3,2,1,0};
	unsigned char keypad_key[3][4]={
  
  {'1','4','7','*'},{'2','5','8','0'},{'3','6','9','#'}};
	unsigned char col;
	unsigned char row;	
	//configure portB
	DDRB = 0b11110000;//PortB pins 0-3 for input and pins 4-7 for output
	key=0;
	for (col=1;col<=3;col++){
		//Send binary ZERO to corresponding port B pin for the column
		PORTB = ~(1<<(keypad_col_bit[col-1]));
		
		//Create a short delay
		asm volatile("nop");
		asm volatile("nop");		
		portb_value =PINB;		
		for(row=1;row<=4;row++){
			if ((portb_value&(1<<(keypad_row_bit[row-1]))) ==0)
			key=keypad_key[col-1][row-1];
		}
	}
	return key;
}

ISR(TIMER1_OVF_vect){ // handler for Timer1 overflow interrupt
	overflow_count++; // increment overflow count
}

// Function to initialise Timer 1 & interrupt
void init_timer1(void){
	TCCR1A = 0b00000000; // normal mode
	TCCR1B = 0b00000001; // no prescaler, internal clock
	TIMSK = 0b00000100; // enable Timer 1 overflow interrupt
	sei(); // enable interrupt subsystem globally
}

//Function to create a delay of n second
void delay(int n){
	int overflow_limit;
	overflow_limit = n * 15; // limit: 15 overflows = 15 × 2 16 μs = 1s
	overflow_count = 0; // reset overflow count
	TCNT1 = 0; // reset Timer 1
	while (overflow_count <= overflow_limit){;} // loop until n seconds
}

//Main Function
int main(void){
	unsigned char output_value = 0x00;
	unsigned char n,i=0; // temporary variable
	DDRB = 0x00;     // set PORTB for input
	DDRD = 0xFF;     // set PORTD for output
	PORTB = 0x00;    // turn OFF all LEDs initially
	init_timer1(); // initialise Timer 1 & interrupt
	n=read_keypad();
	
	while (1){ // main loop
		delay(1); // delay 1 second
		i++; // increment time
		if ((i % n) == 0)
		output_value ^= 0b00001000; // invert bit D.3 every n seconds
		if ((i % (n*4)) == 0)
		output_value ^= 0b00010000; // invert bit D.4 every 4*n seconds
		PORTD = output_value; // output to port B
		if (i >= 20) // reset time variable
		i = 0;
	}
	return 0;
}

 

---

7

Lecture

/* File: led.c
Description: Simple C program for the ATMEL AVR uC (ATmega16 chip)
It lets user turn on LEDs by pressing the switches on STK500 board
*/
#include <avr/io.h> // AVR header file for all registers/pins
int main(void){
unsigned char i; // temporary variable
DDRA = 0x00; // set PORTA for input
DDRB = 0xFF; // set PORTB for output
PORTB = 0x00; // turn ON all LEDs initially
while(1){
// Read input from PORTA.
// port A will be connected to the 8 switches
i = PINA;
// Send output to PORTB.
// port B will be connected to the 8 LEDs
PORTB = i;
}
return 1;
}

Tut

Write and test a C function for the Atmel AVR to check if an 8-bit integer input n is a prime number.

// prime.c : main program to test the is_prime function
#include <avr/io.h> // AVR header file
unsigned char is_prime(unsigned char n){
unsigned char result, i; // result = 1 if n is a prime, 0 otherwise
switch (n){
case 0:
case 1:
result = 0; // when n = 0, 1
break;
case 2:
result = 1; // when n = 2: it is a prime
break;
default: // when n > 2
result = 1; // initial return value
for (i = 2; i < n; i++){
if (n % i == 0){
result = 0;
break;
}
}
}
return result; // return result
}
int main(void){
unsigned char n, result;
n = 13; // any integer input
result = is_prime(n); // call function
DDRB = 0xFF; // set PORTB for output
PORTB = (result)?0x00:0xFF; // turn on LEDs if prime, off otherwise
while (1) {}; // infinite loop
return 1;
}

Lab

read_keypad() display_7led()

// ECTE333 - Spring session
// Written by Zhao Hangji [hz888@uowmail.edu.au]
#include <avr/io.h>     // avr header file for IO ports

unsigned char read_keypad();
void display_7led(unsigned char a);

//Main Function to read from keypad and display on led
int main(){	
	unsigned char a;
	while(1){	
	a=read_keypad();
	display_7led(a);
	
	}
}

//Function to read from keypad
unsigned char read_keypad(){
	unsigned char key; // key press
	unsigned char porta_value; //to store input value to PortA
	//Array to make assuming the keypad more efficient
	unsigned char keypad_col_bit[3]={6,5,4};
	unsigned char keypad_row_bit[4]={3,2,1,0};
	unsigned char keypad_key[3][4]={
  
  {'1','4','7','*'},{'2','5','8','0'},{'3','6','9','#'}};
	unsigned char col;
	unsigned char row;
	
	//configure portA
	DDRA = 0b11110000;//PortA pins 0-3 for input and pins 4-7 for output
	key=0;
	for (col=1;col<=3;col++){
		//Send binary ZERO to corresponding port A pin for the column
		PORTA = ~(1<<(keypad_col_bit[col-1]));
		
		//Create a short delay
		asm volatile("nop");
		asm volatile("nop");

		porta_value =PINA;
		
		for(row=1;row<=4;row++){
			if ((porta_value&(1<<(keypad_row_bit[row-1]))) ==0)
			key=keypad_key[col-1][row-1];
		}
	}
	return key;
}

//Function to display PORTA to led
void display_7led(unsigned char a){
	
	switch (a){
		case '0':PORTA = 0b00111111;
		break;
		
		case '1' :PORTA = 0b00000110;
		break;
		
		case '2':PORTA = 0b01011011;
		break;
		
		case '3':PORTA = 0b01001111;
		break;
		
		case '4':PORTA = 0b01100110;
		break;
		
		case '5':PORTA = 0b01101101;
		break;
		
		case '6':PORTA = 0b01111101;
		break;
		
		case '7':PORTA = 0b00000111;
		break;
		
		case '8':PORTA = 0b01111111;
		break;
		
		case '9':PORTA = 0b01101111;
		break;
		
		default:
		PORTA = 0b00000000;
	}
}

---

8

Lecture

#include <avr/io.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int serial_send(char c, FILE *stream){
// Wait until UDRE flag is set to logic 1
while ((UCSRA & (1 << UDRE)) == 0x00){;}
UDR = c; // Write character to UDR for transmission
return 0;
}
int serial_receive(FILE *stream){
// Wait until RXC flag is set to logic 1
while ((UCSRA & (1 << RXC)) == 0x00){;}
return UDR; // Read the received character from UDR
}
int main(void){
unsigned int a;
// … Code to initialise baudrate, TXD, RXD, and so on is not shown here
// Initialise the standard IO handlers
stdout = fdevopen(serial_send, NULL);
stdin = fdevopen(NULL, serial_receive);
// Start using printf, scanf as usual
while (1){
printf(“\n\rEnter a = ");
scanf(“%d”, &a); printf(“%d”, a);
}
}

 

#include <avr/io.h>
void delay(void){
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++)
asm volatile("nop");
}
void serial_init(void){
UCSRA = 0b00000010; // double speed, disable multi-proc
UCSRB = 0b00011000; // enable Tx and Rx, disable interrupts
UCSRC = 0b10000110; // asyn mode, no parity, 1 stop bit, 8 data bits
// In double-speed mode, UBRR = Fclock/(8xbaud rate) - 1
UBRRH = 0; UBRRL = 12; // baud rate 9600bps, assuming 1MHz clock
}
void serial_send(unsigned char data){
while ((UCSRA & (1 << UDRE)) == 0){;} // wait until UDRE flag = 1
UDR = data; // write character to UDR for transmission
}
int main(void) {
serial_init(); // initialise USART
while (1){
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){ // rotate left 10 times
serial_send('4');
delay();
}
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){ // rotate right 10 times
serial_send('6');
delay();
}
}
}

Tut