Maven配置

1、前言

maven说的简短一点就是一个大型的jar包管理工具，类似于工具人。
只要有了maven，就不用去幸幸苦苦的找jar包了。wc，爽哉。
好了，还是不多bb，我么还是直接干正事。

（切记切记：安装maven必须装好jdk）

2、下载

首先我们还是去官网。瞅瞅最新版的是哪个版本。点我直达


当然，玩Windows的人都知道，我们下载打包文件都是下载bin目录下的文件，所以我们直接，tar.gz是Linux下的文件，你用的是Linux的话当然也可以下这个。

下载之后我们能得到一个压缩包。我们解压之后就是想要的maven打包文件了。别慌，maven是没有那些什么exe文件的。所以，我们不需要去安装。

下载后得到的文件样式是这个样子。可能有的小伙伴儿下载下来解压之后有两层大目录，没事儿，删一个就行，不影响。
接下来我们去配置maven的path

3、配置PATH、settings.xml以及本地仓库

为什么要配置path，我们都知道，path是全局变量，能够在整个Windows下访问到。既然我们需要用maven，那么就需要去配置这个。怎么配置，就是接下来的内容

3.1、配置path

首先怎么打开path我就不多说了吧，配过java的环境变量的人都知道。不知道你学个鬼的Java。

看这儿。很多人很好奇，为啥我这儿需要两个变量名。
如果学过springboot的人可能知道一点。因为springboot和springcloud很多名字引用的都是系统下的M2_HOME环境，这儿这么配置是为了能够让springboot和sprintcloud能够访问到maven仓库。

M2_HOME（我这后面的路径是你下载下来的文件包的路径）

D:\Program Files\apache-maven-3.6.3\bin

   
   

   
   
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另一个MAVEN_HOME

D:\Program Files\apache-maven-3.6.3

   
   

   
   
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然后把写好的路径加到path里面去（如果是win7的系统还需要在末尾加一个英文分号;用来分隔系统符号）：

当然，你也可以直接引用M2_HOME的路径，就把上面那个变量改成%M2_HOME%（感谢评论区大佬的留言）

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然后到这儿就算是配置好了。保存好之后我们按住win+r，打开cmd，输入mvn -v出来以下界面

接着我们去设置maven的本地配置。

3.2、配置settings.xml和本地仓库

可能有人在看我这篇文章之前也看过其他很多人的maven配置文章。不过，我有自信我的比他们的好。（轻点喷，我瞎说的）
我们直接打开maven的文件包下的conf文件。

这个就是我们maven下的配置。
因为maven是国外的人写的，我们国内下载的话需要翻墙，不翻墙的话就会下载很慢很慢。不过呢，阿里爸爸很贴心，为我们准备了国内的镜像让我们下载。

由于我们的maven是一个仓库管理工具。他会从maven的国外中央仓库里面去下载我们需要的jar包。但是下载下来之后，默认的保存位置是在c盘。玩计算机的人切记。别啥东西都放c盘。这些jar包动则几千上万个。你下载下来之后c盘都满了。

所以我们就需要配置一个本地的仓库来保存下载下来的jar包，那就需要我们指定路径。
所以，，你就直接复制我的这个settings.xml文件把源文件覆盖了就ok。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 本地仓库的位置 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>localRepository</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>D:\Program Files\localMavenRepoistory\repository<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>localRepository</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- Apache Maven 配置 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>pluginGroups</span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>proxies</span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 私服发布的用户名密码 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>servers</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>server</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>releases<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>username</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>deployment<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>username</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>password</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>He2019<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>password</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>server</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>server</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>snapshots<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>username</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>deployment<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>username</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>password</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>He2019<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>password</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>server</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>servers</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 阿里云镜像 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>mirrors</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>mirror</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>alimaven<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>name</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>aliyun maven<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>name</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token comment">&lt;!-- https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public/ --&gt;</span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>mirrorOf</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>central<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>mirrorOf</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>mirror</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>mirrors</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 配置: java8, 先从阿里云下载, 没有再去私服下载  --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>profiles</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 全局JDK1.8配置 --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>profile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>jdk1.8<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>activation</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>activeByDefault</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>true<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>activeByDefault</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>jdk</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>1.8<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>jdk</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>activation</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>properties</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>project.build.sourceEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>UTF-8<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>project.build.sourceEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>maven.compiler.source</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>1.8<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>maven.compiler.source</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>maven.compiler.target</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>1.8<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>maven.compiler.target</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>maven.compiler.compilerVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>1.8<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>maven.compiler.compilerVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>properties</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>profile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

    
    <span class="token comment">&lt;!-- Nexus私服配置: 第三方jar包下载, 比如oracle的jdbc驱动等 --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>profile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>dev<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>repositories</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>repository</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>nexus<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>http://nexus.hepengju.cn:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>releases</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>enabled</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>true<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>enabled</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>releases</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>snapshots</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>enabled</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>true<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>enabled</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>snapshots</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>repository</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>repositories</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>pluginRepositories</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>pluginRepository</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>public<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>name</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>Public Repositories<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>name</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>http://nexus.hepengju.cn:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>pluginRepository</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>pluginRepositories</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>profile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    
    <span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 阿里云配置: 提高国内的jar包下载速度 --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>profile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>ali<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>repositories</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>repository</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>alimaven<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>name</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>aliyun maven<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>name</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>releases</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>enabled</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>true<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>enabled</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>releases</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>snapshots</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>enabled</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>true<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>enabled</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>snapshots</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>repository</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>repositories</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>pluginRepositories</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>pluginRepository</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>alimaven<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>id</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>name</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>aliyun maven<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>name</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>pluginRepository</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>pluginRepositories</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>profile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>profiles</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 激活配置 --&gt;</span> 
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>activeProfiles</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>activeProfile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>jdk1.8<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>activeProfile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>activeProfile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>dev<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>activeProfile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>activeProfile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>ali<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>activeProfile</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>activeProfiles</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</settings>

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在最上方有一个本地仓库配置的注释，你把他换成你自己磁盘下的某个目录就行。（这个配置参考了网上大佬们的配置，都大同小异）

这样就算是配置完了。

4、在IDEA中配置Maven

接下来我们配置好了，总要去使用对吧。。怎么创建maven项目我就不多说了，懂的都懂。我直接告诉你们怎么在idea中全局使用maven指定的配置和仓库。

我们来到这个主页，
进去之后在上面的搜索框搜maven

但是如果有细心的人会发现，好像idea自带了一个maven
确实是这样。也就是说我们即使不下载maven，也可以使用。但是不建议用这个。因为这是idea内部的一个插件，并不是idea帮我们下载下来的maven文件包。懂吧。

还有的人看了其他的文章说c盘下的.m2文件夹下的本地仓库。这个仓库就是maven默认帮我们生成的仓库，如果你在idea中不配置自己的仓库，就会默认使用这个c盘下的仓库。但是你已经配置好了，也可以删了。

还有的人说没找到c盘下的settings.xml，隐藏项目也没有，这个别问我，我找了半天也没找到。

如果有人已经打开了你当前的Java项目，也可以进设置里面搜maven，改成本地的配置。

重点：要是你按照我的方法配置然后进idea下载依赖的时候报错，说什么什么jar包not found，那肯定是你中间有个环节出了问题。因为我也是这个踩坑过来的。

还有什么问题，欢迎私信或留言。看到了会及时回复。写的不好，请见谅。