R语言-散布图—plot的函数使用

plot（）的使用

注意：用到的数据（自行下载）：

首先，这个就是先help一下，这是新手必须要学会的

会产生一以下代码帮助：
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Generic X-Y Plotting
Description
Generic function for plotting of R objects. For more details about the graphical parameter arguments, see par.

For simple scatter plots, plot.default will be used. However, there are plot methods for many R objects, including functions, data.frames, density objects, etc. Use methods(plot) and the documentation for these.

Usage
plot(x, y, ...)
Arguments
x	
the coordinates of points in the plot. Alternatively, a single plotting structure, function or any R object with a plot method can be provided.

y	
the y coordinates of points in the plot, optional if x is an appropriate structure.

...	
Arguments to be passed to methods, such as graphical parameters (see par). Many methods will accept the following arguments:

type
what type of plot should be drawn. Possible types are

"p" for points,

"l" for lines,

"b" for both,

"c" for the lines part alone of "b",

"o" for both ‘overplotted’,

"h" for ‘histogram’ like (or ‘high-density’) vertical lines,

"s" for stair steps,

"S" for other steps, see ‘Details’ below,

"n" for no plotting.

All other types give a warning or an error; using, e.g., type = "punkte" being equivalent to type = "p" for S compatibility. Note that some methods, e.g. plot.factor, do not accept this.

main
an overall title for the plot: see title.

sub
a sub title for the plot: see title.

xlab
a title for the x axis: see title.

ylab
a title for the y axis: see title.

asp
the y/x aspect ratio, see plot.window.

Details
The two step types differ in their x-y preference: Going from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2) with x1 < x2, type = "s" moves first horizontal, then vertical, whereas type = "S" moves the other way around.

See Also
plot.default, plot.formula and other methods; points, lines, par. For thousands of points, consider using smoothScatter() instead of plot().

For X-Y-Z plotting see contour, persp and image.

Examples
require(stats) # for lowess, rpois, rnorm
plot(cars)
lines(lowess(cars))
plot(sin, -pi, 2*pi) # see ?plot.function

## Discrete Distribution Plot:
plot(table(rpois(100, 5)), type = "h", col = "red", lwd = 10,
     main = "rpois(100, lambda = 5)")

## Simple quantiles/ECDF, see ecdf() {library(stats)} for a better one:
plot(x <- sort(rnorm(47)), type = "s", main = "plot(x, type = \"s\")")
points(x, cex = .5, col = "dark red")
[Package graphics version 3.6.1 Index]

接下来用个例子说明用法：

setwd("F:\\R语言\\Code\\Chapter 1\\Data Files")
#设置切换到目录
sales <- read.csv("dailysales.csv", header = TRUE)
#把文件读进来，用变sales接收
plot(
  sales$units ~ as.Date(sales$date, "%d/%m/%y"),
  #plot散点图
  type = "l",
  #图形为连线图，l为连线
  main = "Unit Sales in the month of Januanry",
  #标题
  xlab = "Data",
  #横坐标叫什么
  ylab = "NUmber of units sold ",
  #纵坐标叫什么
  col = "red"
  #颜色
)

效果：

完毕。