python-高级语法和调试

zip

-把两个可迭代的内容生成一个可迭代的tuple元素类型组成的内容

l1=[1,2,3,4,5]
l2=[11,22,33,44,55]
z=zip(l1,l2)
print(type(z))
print(z)
for i in z:
    print(i)

l1=["dd","ff","zz"]
l2=[12,13,14]
z=zip(l1,l2)
for i in z:
    print(i)

l3=[i for i in z]
print(l3)

enumerate

-跟zip功能比较像

-对可迭代对象里的每一个元素，配上一个索引，然后索引和内容构成tuple类型

l1=[11,22,33,44,55]
em=enumerate(l1)
l2=[i for i in em]
print(l2)


em=enumerate(l1,start=100)
l2=[i for i in em]
print(l2)

collections模块

-namedtuple

   ·tuple类型   ·是一个可命名的tuple

import collections
Point=collections.namedtuple("Point",['x','y'])
p=Point(11,22)
print(p.x)
print(p[0])

import collections
help(collections.namedtuple)

Circle=collections.namedtuple("Circle",['x','y','r'])
c=Circle(100,150,50)
print(c)
print(type(c))
isinstance(c,tuple)

-dequeue

·比较方便的解决了频繁插入带来的效率问题

from collections import deque
q=deque(['a','b','c'])
print(q)
q.append("d")
print(q)
q.appendleft('x')
print(q)


#defaultdict
#当直接读取dict不存在的属性时，直接返回默认值
dl={"one":1,"two":2,"three":3}
print(dl['one'])

from collections import defaultdict
func=lambda:"dd"
d2=defaultdict(func)
d2["one"]=1
d2["two"]=2
print(d2)

counter

-统计字符串个数

 

from collections import Counter
c=Counter("svdfsvvsdv,sfv;dcsvv;sdfdfvvtrg;ev")
print(c)

s=["dc","fr","bg","dc","dc","bg"]
c=Counter(s)
print(c)