类似“&#x6B22；“这类16进制网页编码的编码与解码方法

有些网站,特别是有些网站的手机版，喜欢直接输出类似
&# x6B22;&# x8FCE;&# x6765;&# x5230;&# x7684;Java&# x535A;&# x5BA2;!
(全部插入了空格避免被转义，下面的代码中也都加了空格)
这类16进制网页编码，虽然我们的浏览器可以显示出正确的文字，但是看源代码的时候就是满眼的乱码了。
于是在需要写处理网页代码的程序就可能遇到转换这些编码的问题。

代码例子：

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/**
 * 16进制工具类
 */
public class HexadecimalUtils {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str = "欢迎来到我的Java博客!\n  Hello World！";
        System.out.println(str);

        str = HexadecimalUtils.toUnicode(str);
        System.out.println(str);

        str = HexadecimalUtils.unicode2String(str);
        System.out.println(str);

        String pageCode = "<span>&# x6B22;&# x8FCE;&# x6765;&# x5230;&# x6211;&# x7684;Java&# x535A;&# x5BA2;!</span>";

        String unicode2String = HexadecimalUtils.unicode2String(pageCode);
        System.out.println(unicode2String);
    }

    /**
     * 16进制解码
     */
    public static String unicode2String(String theString) {
        String pageCode = theString;
        Pattern p;
        Matcher m;

        //将"&#x6B22;"转换为"\u6B22"
        p = Pattern.compile("&#x[\\d\\w]{4};", Pattern.DOTALL);
        m = p.matcher(pageCode);
        while (m.find()) {
            String group = m.group();
            pageCode = pageCode.replaceAll(group, "\\\\u" + group.substring(3, 7).toUpperCase());
        }

        //将"&# x6B22;"转换为"\u6B22"
        p = Pattern.compile("&# x[\\d\\w]{4};", Pattern.DOTALL);
        m = p.matcher(pageCode);
        while (m.find()) {
            String group = m.group();
            pageCode = pageCode.replaceAll(group, "\\\\u" + group.substring(4, 8).toUpperCase());
        }
        //去掉html标签的正则表达式
        pageCode = pageCode.replaceAll("<[^>]*>", "");
        //解码:
        pageCode = loadConvert(pageCode);

        return pageCode;
    }

    /**
     * 解码
     */
    public static String loadConvert(String theString) {
        char aChar;
        int len = theString.length();
        StringBuilder outBuffer = new StringBuilder(len);
        for (int x = 0; x < len; ) {
            aChar = theString.charAt(x++);
            if (aChar == '\\') {
                aChar = theString.charAt(x++);
                if (aChar == 'u') {
                    int value = 0;
                    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                        aChar = theString.charAt(x++);
                        switch (aChar) {
                            case '0':
                            case '1':
                            case '2':
                            case '3':
                            case '4':
                            case '5':
                            case '6':
                            case '7':
                            case '8':
                            case '9':
                                value = (value << 4) + aChar - '0';
                                break;
                            case 'a':
                            case 'b':
                            case 'c':
                            case 'd':
                            case 'e':
                            case 'f':
                                value = (value << 4) + 10 + aChar - 'a';
                                break;
                            case 'A':
                            case 'B':
                            case 'C':
                            case 'D':
                            case 'E':
                            case 'F':
                                value = (value << 4) + 10 + aChar - 'A';
                                break;
                            default:
                                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                                        "Malformed \\uxxxx encoding.");
                        }
                    }
                    outBuffer.append((char) value);
                } else //可选是否转换这些字符
                {
                    if (aChar == 't')
                        aChar = '\t';
                    else if (aChar == 'r')
                        aChar = '\r';
                    else if (aChar == 'n')
                        aChar = '\n';
                    else if (aChar == 'f')
                        aChar = '\f';
                    outBuffer.append(aChar);
                }
            } else
                outBuffer.append(aChar);
        }
        return outBuffer.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 编码16进制
     * @param theString 字符串
     * @return 编码16进制
     */
    public static String toUnicode(String theString) {
        return toUnicode(theString, false);
    }

    /**
     * 编码16进制
     * @param theString 字符串
     * @param escapeSpace 是否转义空格
     * @return 编码16进制
     */
    public static String toUnicode(String theString, boolean escapeSpace) {
        int len = theString.length();
        int bufLen = len * 2;
        if (bufLen < 0) {
            bufLen = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        }
        StringBuilder outBuffer = new StringBuilder(bufLen);

        for (int x = 0; x < len; x++) {
            char aChar = theString.charAt(x);
            // Handle common case first, selecting largest block that
            // avoids the specials below
            if ((aChar > 61) && (aChar < 127)) {
                if (aChar == '\\') {
                    outBuffer.append('\\');
                    outBuffer.append('\\');
                    continue;
                }
                outBuffer.append(aChar);
                continue;
            }
            switch (aChar) {
                case ' ':
                    if (x == 0 || escapeSpace)
                        outBuffer.append('\\');
                    outBuffer.append(' ');
                    break;
                case '\t':
                    outBuffer.append('\\');
                    outBuffer.append('t');
                    break;
                case '\n':
                    outBuffer.append('\\');
                    outBuffer.append('n');
                    break;
                case '\r':
                    outBuffer.append('\\');
                    outBuffer.append('r');
                    break;
                case '\f':
                    outBuffer.append('\\');
                    outBuffer.append('f');
                    break;
                //可选是否转义这些字符
                // case '=': // Fall through
                // case ':': // Fall through
                // case '#': // Fall through
                // case '!':
                // outBuffer.append('\\'); outBuffer.append(aChar);
                // break;
                default:
                    if ((aChar < 0x0020) || (aChar > 0x007e)) {
                        //添加前缀"&#x",可以改成其他前缀如"\\u"
                        outBuffer.append("&#x");
                        outBuffer.append(toHex((aChar >> 12) & 0xF));
                        outBuffer.append(toHex((aChar >> 8) & 0xF));
                        outBuffer.append(toHex((aChar >> 4) & 0xF));
                        outBuffer.append(toHex(aChar & 0xF));
                        //添加后缀";"
                        outBuffer.append(';');
                    } else {
                        outBuffer.append(aChar);
                    }
            }
        }
        return outBuffer.toString();
    }

    //查询16进制对应表
    private static char toHex(int nibble) {
        return hexDigit[(nibble & 0xF)];
    }

    private static final char[] hexDigit =
            {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D',
                    'E', 'F'};

}

以上程序输出:
欢迎来到我的Java博客!
  Hello World！
欢迎来到我的Java博客!\n  Hello World！
欢迎来到我的Java博客!
  Hello World！
欢迎来到我的Java博客!