一、分析
mysql出现You can’t specify target table for update in FROM clause 这个错误的意思是不能在同一个sql语句中,先select同一个表的某些值,然后再update这个表
二、现象
例如:message表保存了多个用户的消息
创建表
CREATE TABLE `message` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`uid` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
`content` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`addtime` datetime NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `uid` (`uid`),
KEY `addtime` (`addtime`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入数据
insert into message(uid,content,addtime) values
(1,'content1','2016-09-26 00:00:01'),
(2,'content2','2016-09-26 00:00:02'),
(3,'content3','2016-09-26 00:00:03'),
(1,'content4','2016-09-26 00:00:04'),
(3,'content5','2016-09-26 00:00:05'),
(2,'content6','2016-09-26 00:00:06'),
(2,'content7','2016-09-26 00:00:07'),
(4,'content8','2016-09-26 00:00:08'),
(4,'content9','2016-09-26 00:00:09'),
(1,'content10','2016-09-26 00:00:10');
表结构及数据如下:
mysql> select * from message;
+----+-----+-----------+---------------------+
| id | uid | content | addtime |
+----+-----+-----------+---------------------+
| 1 | 1 | content1 | 2016-09-26 00:00:01 |
| 2 | 2 | content2 | 2016-09-26 00:00:02 |
| 3 | 3 | content3 | 2016-09-26 00:00:03 |
| 4 | 1 | content4 | 2016-09-26 00:00:04 |
| 5 | 3 | content5 | 2016-09-26 00:00:05 |
| 6 | 2 | content6 | 2016-09-26 00:00:06 |
| 7 | 2 | content7 | 2016-09-26 00:00:07 |
| 8 | 4 | content8 | 2016-09-26 00:00:08 |
| 9 | 4 | content9 | 2016-09-26 00:00:09 |
| 10 | 1 | content10 | 2016-09-26 00:00:10 |
+----+-----+-----------+---------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
产生错误的SQL
然后执行将每个用户第一条消息的内容更新为Hello World
mysql> update message set content='Hello World' where id in(select min(id) from message group by uid);
ERROR 1093 (HY000): You can't specify target table 'message' for update in FROM clause
因为在同一个sql语句中,先select出message表中每个用户消息的最小id值,然后再更新message表,因此会出现 ERROR 1093 (HY000): You can’t specify target table ‘message’ for update in FROM clause 这个错误。
三、解决方法
select的结果再通过一个中间表select多一次,就可以避免这个错误
update message set content='Hello World' where id in( select min_id from ( select min(id) as min_id from message group by uid) as a );
执行
mysql> update message set content='Hello World' where id in( select min_id from ( select min(id) as min_id from message group by uid) as a );
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 4 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from message;
+----+-----+-------------+---------------------+
| id | uid | content | addtime |
+----+-----+-------------+---------------------+
| 1 | 1 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:01 |
| 2 | 2 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:02 |
| 3 | 3 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:03 |
| 4 | 1 | content4 | 2016-09-26 00:00:04 |
| 5 | 3 | content5 | 2016-09-26 00:00:05 |
| 6 | 2 | content6 | 2016-09-26 00:00:06 |
| 7 | 2 | content7 | 2016-09-26 00:00:07 |
| 8 | 4 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:08 |
| 9 | 4 | content9 | 2016-09-26 00:00:09 |
| 10 | 1 | content10 | 2016-09-26 00:00:10 |
+----+-----+-------------+---------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
注意,只有mysql会有这个问题,mssql与oracle都没有这个问题。
四、说明
当一个请求在读数据时,其他请求也可以读,但是不能写,因为一旦另外一个线程写了数据,就会导致当前线程读取到的数据不是最新的了,这就是不可重复读现象。可以通过使用生成表的形式来绕过这种限制,因为MySQL只会把这个表当作一个临时表来处理。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/fdipzone/article/details/52695371