【转载】mybatis的使用

原文

https://www.jianshu.com/p/1d51d0fa9555

1.MyBatis简述

mybatis是一个优秀的基于 java 的持久层框架，它内部封装了 jdbc，使开发者只需要关注 sql语句本身，
而不需要花费精力去处理加载驱动、创建连接、创建 statement 等繁杂的过程。**

mybatis通过xml 或注解的方式将要执行的各种statement配置起来，并通过java对象和statement 中 sql
的动态参数进行映射生成最终执行的 sql 语句，最后由 mybatis 框架执行 sql 并将结果映射为 java 对象并 返回。

采用 ORM 思想解决了实体和数据库映射的问题，对 jdbc进行了封装，屏蔽了 jdbc api 底层访问细节，使我 们不用与 jdbc
api 打交道，就可以完成对数据库的持久化操作。

2.MyBatis入门之配置文件实现

2.1.pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.yuan</groupId>
    <artifactId>note_mybaties_01</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <!--        mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--        单元测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.10</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <!--            数据库-->
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <!--            日志-->
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2.2.编写实体类

路径com/yuan/doman/User.java

package com.yuan.doman;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

public class User implements Serializable{
    private Integer id;
    /**
     * 用户姓名
     */
    private String  username;
    /**
     * 用户生日
     */
    private Date    birthday;
    /**
     * 用户性别
     */
    private String  sex;
    /**
     * 用户地址
     */
    private String  address;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return  "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2.3.编写持久层接口

路径：com/yuan/dao/UserDao.java

package com.yuan.dao;

import com.yuan.doman.User;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * ，用户的持久层接口
 */
public interface UserDao {

    List<User> findAll();


}
2.4.编写映射文件
路径：resources/yuan/dao/UserDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.yuan.dao.UserDao">
    <!--findAll方法-->
    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.yuan.doman.User">
        SELECT * FROM USER
    </select>
</mapper>
2.5.编写配置文件
路径：resources/SqlMapConfig .xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--环境配置-->
        <!--默认环境-->
    <environments default="mysql">
        <!--mysql环境-->
        <environment id="mysql">
            <!--JDBC事务-->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <!--POOLED连接池-->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
            <!--四大参数-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///数据库名"/>
                <property name="username" value="数据库账户"/>
                <property name="password" value="数据库密码"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

<mappers>
    <mapper resource="com/yuan/dao/UserDao.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>

2.6.注意事项

第一个：创建UserDao.xml 和 UserDao.java时名称是为了和我们之前的知识保持一致。
在Mybatis中它把持久层的操作接口名称和映射文件也叫做：Mapper
所以：UserDao 和 UserMapper是一样的
第二个：在idea中创建目录的时候，它和包是不一样的
包在创建时：com.yuan.dao它是三级结构
目录在创建时：com.yuan.dao是一级目录
第三个：mybatis的映射配置文件位置必须和dao接口的包结构相同
第四个：映射配置文件的mapper标签namespace属性的取值必须是dao接口的全限定类名
第五个：映射配置文件的操作配置（select），id属性的取值必须是dao接口的方法名
第六个：当我们遵从了第三，四，五点之后，我们在开发中就无须再写dao的实现类。

2.7.测试

package com.yuan.test;

import com.yuan.dao.UserDao;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class UserDaoTest {
    InputStream is = null;
    SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
    SqlSession session = null;

    @Before
    public void init() throws IOException {
        //读取配置文件
        is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        //创建会话工厂
        factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
        //生产SQLSession对象
        session = factory.openSession();
    }
    
    @After
    public void close() throws IOException {
        session.commit();
        session.close();
        is.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void findAllTest(){
        UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        System.out.println(userDao.findAll());
    }

}

3.MyBatis入门之注解实现

3.1.pom.xml

与2.1相同

3.2.编写实体类

与2.2相同

3.3.编写持久层接口

package com.yuan.dao;

import com.yuan.doman.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 用户的持久层接口
 */
public interface UserDao {

    @Select("SELECT * FROM USER")
    List<User> findAll();


}

3.4.编写配置文件

与2.5大致相同【唯一不同】

<mappers>
    <mapper class="com.yuan.dao.UserDao"/>
</mappers>

3.5.测试

与2.7相同

4.小结1

开发时要不要写持久层实现类？

不写，怎么简单怎么来，怎么快怎么来，怎么好维护怎么来

开发时用注解还是用xml文件？

老项目一般用xml，最近项目都是注解开发，同一个Dao接口不能既用注解又用xml

项目中如何获取路径

一般使用两种方法

1.使用类加载器，它只能读取类路径的配置文件

2.使用servletContext的getRealPath()方法

案例分析 .png

5.基于配置文件的增删改查

5.1.持久层接口

package com.yuan.dao;

import com.yuan.doman.User;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 用户的持久层接口
 */
public interface UserDao {

    /**
     * 全查User
     *
     * @return
     */
    List<User> findAll();

    /**
     * 查询UserId
     *
     * @param uid
     */
    User findById(Integer uid);

    /**
     * 查询UserName
     *
     * @param username
     */
    List<User> findLikeName(String username);

    /**
     * 查询User总数
     *
     * @return int
     */
    Integer findTotalId();

    /**
     * 新增User
     *
     * @param user
     */
    void save(User user);

    /**
     * 修改User
     *
     * @param user
     */
    void update(User user);

    /**
     * 删除User
     *
     * @param uid
     */
    void delete(Integer uid);


}
5.2.映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.yuan.dao.UserDao">

    <!--查询全部User-->
    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.yuan.doman.User">
        SELECT * FROM USER
    </select>

    <!--查询单个User-->
    <select id="findById" resultType="com.yuan.doman.User" parameterType="int">

        SELECT * FROM USER WHERE ID = #{id}
    </select>

    <!--Like查询UserName-->
    <select id="findLikeName" resultType="com.yuan.doman.User" parameterType="string">
        SELECT * FROM USER WHERE USERNAME LIKE #{uname};
    </select>

    <!--查询User总数-->
    <select id="findTotalId" resultType="int">
        SELECT count(*) FROM USER
    </select>

    <!--新增User-->
    <insert id="save" parameterType="com.yuan.doman.User">
        <!--拿到返回的ID-->
        <selectKey keyProperty="id" keyColumn="id" resultType="int" order="AFTER">
            SELECT Last_INSERT_ID();
        </selectKey>
                INSERT INTO USER(username,birthday,sex, address) VALUE (#{username},#{birthday},#{sex},#{address});
    </insert>

<!--    更新User根据ID-->
    <update id="update" parameterType="com.yuan.doman.User">
        UPDATE USER SET USERNAME = #{username} WHERE ID = #{id}
    </update>

    <!--删除User根据ID-->
    <update id="delete" parameterType="Integer">
        delete FROM user WHERE ID = #{uid}
    </update>
    
</mapper>

5.3.测试文件
package com.yuan.test;

import com.yuan.dao.UserDao;
import com.yuan.doman.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;

public class UserDaoTest {
InputStream is = null;
SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
SqlSession session = null;

/**
 * 在Test
 * @throws IOException
 */
@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
    //读取配置文件
    is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
    //创建会话工厂
    factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
    //生产SQLSession对象
    session = factory.openSession();
}

@After
public void close() throws IOException {
    session.commit();
    session.close();
    is.close();
}

@Test
public void findAllTest(){
    UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    System.out.println(userDao.findAll());
}

@Test
public void testSave() {
    UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    User user = new User();
    user.setUsername("GiaoWin");
    user.setBirthday(new Date());
    user.setSex("男");
    user.setAddress("张家口");

    System.out.println("保存前 = " + user);
    userDao.save(user);
    System.out.println("保存后 = " + user);
}


@Test
public void testUpdate() {
    UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    User user = new User();
    user.setUsername("AKUMA");
    user.setId(49);
    userDao.update(user);
}
@Test
public void testDelete() {
    UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    userDao.delete(49);
}

@Test
public void testfindById() {
    UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    System.out.println(userDao.findById(46));
}

@Test
public void testfindAll() {
    UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    System.out.println(userDao.findAll());
}

@Test
public void testfindLikeName() {
    UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    userDao.findLikeName("%王%");
}

@Test
public void testfindTotalUser() {
    UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    System.out.println("+++++++++++++++++++++++"+userDao.findTotalId()+"++++++++++++++++++++++++");
}

}
6.小结2
#{}h和${}有什么区别

前者是占位符?，后者是字符串拼接，会受到SQL注入攻击

如何拿到保存时的ID值：

<!--拿到返回的ID-->
<selectKey keyProperty="id" keyColumn="id" resultType="int" order="AFTER">
    SELECT Last_INSERT_ID();
</selectKey>

多个查询条件组成一个对象作为参数怎么解决？

用一个包装类给他们包装一下，然后通过NGOL表达式逐一拿出。

数据库与实体类中的列名不一致怎么解决？

1.改正

2.用别名【提升速度】

3.用resultMap【提升开发速度】

SELECT * FROM USER SqlMapConfig.xml配置文件常用标签

<!—外部配置文件–>

如何查看源码

用Ctrl+Alt+B跟踪到底层实现【IDEA工具】

代理Dao的实现源码追踪

/**

• Copyright 2009-2017 the original author or authors.
  *
• Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the “License”);
• you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
• You may obtain a copy of the License at
  *
• http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  *
• Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
• distributed under the License is distributed on an “AS IS” BASIS,
• WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
• See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
• limitations under the License.
  */
  package org.apache.ibatis.binding;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Flush;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.MapKey;
import org.apache.ibatis.cursor.Cursor;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.SqlCommandType;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.MetaObject;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.ParamNameResolver;
import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.TypeParameterResolver;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ResultHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.RowBounds;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.*;

/**

• @author Clinton Begin

• @author Eduardo Macarron

• @author Lasse Voss
  */
  public class MapperMethod {

  private final SqlCommand command;
  private final MethodSignature method;

  public MapperMethod(Class<?> mapperInterface, Method method, Configuration config) {
  this.command = new SqlCommand(config, mapperInterface, method);
  this.method = new MethodSignature(config, mapperInterface, method);
  }

  public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
  Object result;
  switch (command.getType()) {
  case INSERT: {
  Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
  result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param));
  break;
  }
  case UPDATE: {
  Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
  result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param));
  break;
  }
  case DELETE: {
  Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
  result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param));
  break;
  }
  case SELECT:
  if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) {
  executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
  result = null;
  } else if (method.returnsMany()) {
  result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
  } else if (method.returnsMap()) {
  result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
  } else if (method.returnsCursor()) {
  result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
  } else {
  Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
  result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
  }
  break;
  case FLUSH:
  result = sqlSession.flushStatements();
  break;
  default:
  throw new BindingException(“Unknown execution method for: " + command.getName());
  }
  if (result == null && method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() && !method.returnsVoid()) {
  throw new BindingException(“Mapper method '” + command.getName()
  + " attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type (” + method.getReturnType() + “).”);
  }
  return result;
  }
  }
  7.MyBatis连接池
  使用了同步代码快保障了每一个线程拿到的是不同的连接，是一个线程安全的集合。

主配置文件SqlMapConfig.xml中的dataSource标签，type属性就是表示采用何种连接池方式。

​ 1.POOLED

​ 从池中获取连接，采用传统的javax.sql.DataSource规范中的连接池，mybatis中有针对规范的实现

​ 2.UNPOOLE

​ 每次new一个连接，采用传统的获取连接的方式，虽然也实现Javax.sql.DataSource接口，但是并没有使用池的思想。

​ 3.JNDI

采用服务器提供的JNDI技术实现，来获取DataSource对象，不同的服务器所能拿到DataSource是不一样。

注意：如果不是web或者maven的war工程，是不能使用的。

tomcat服务器,采用连接池就是dbcp连接池。

8.MyBatis事务
//生产SQLSession对象 session = factory.openSession(true);
它是通过sqlsession对象的commit方法和rollback方法实现事务的提交和回滚

session.commit();
session.close();
9.动态SQL

这是一个根据条件查询的语句，但是条件有可能哦呦有可能没有就要使用动态SQL标签了 [ids 是Vo类里的属性名]
SELECT * FROM USER




id in

#{id}




10.MyBatis表与表之间的关系
10.1.多对一【包括一对一】（Account==>User）
10.1.1.实体类
package com.yuan.doman;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

public class User {
private Integer id;
/**
* 用户姓名
/
private String username;
/*
* 用户生日
*/
private Date birthday;

/**
 * 用户性别
 */
private String  sex;
/**
 * 用户地址
 */
private String  address;

/**
 *角色下的账户集合
 * @return
 */
private List<Account> roles;

//Get() Set() 方法
}
10.1.2.映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--查询全部Account-->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="accountUserMap">
    SELECT a.id as AID,a.UID,a.MONEY,u.* from account a,user u where u.id = a.UID
</select>

10.1.3.测试 package com.yuan.test;

import com.yuan.dao.AccountDao;
import com.yuan.doman.Account;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class AccountDaoTest {
InputStream is = null;
SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
SqlSession session = null;
AccountDao accountDao = session.getMapper(AccountDao.class);

@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
    //读取配置文件
    is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
    //创建会话工厂
    factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
    //生产SQLSession对象
    session = factory.openSession();
}

@After
public void close() throws IOException {
    session.commit();
    session.close();
    is.close();
}

@Test
public void finAllAccount() {
    List<Account> accountAll = accountDao.findAll();
    for (Account account : accountAll) {
        System.out.println("---------------");
        System.out.println("account = " + account);
        System.out.println(account.getUser());
    }
}

}
10.2.一对多（User==>Account）
10.2.1.实体类
package com.yuan.doman;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

public class User {
private Integer id;
/**
* 用户姓名
/
private String username;
/*
* 用户生日
*/
private Date birthday;

/**
 * 用户性别
 */
private String  sex;
/**
 * 用户地址
 */
private String  address;

/**
 *角色下的账户集合
 * @return
 */
private List<Account> roles;

//Get() Set() 方法
}
10.2.2.映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<sql id="defUser">

SELECT u.*,a.ID as aid,A.MONEY
FROM USER u LEFT JOIN ACCOUNT a
ON a.UID = u.id

<resultMap id="userAccountMap" type="user">
    <id property="id" column="id"></id>
    <result property="username" column="username"/>
    <result property="birthday" column="birthday"/>
    <result property="sex" column="sex"/>
    <result property="address" column="address"/>
    <!--账户定义集合-->
    <!--property 集合属性名-->
    <!--ofType 集合的泛型-->
    <collection property="accounts" ofType="com.yuan.doman.Account">
        <id column="aid" property="id"/>
        <result column="uid" property="uid"/>
        <result column="money" property="money"/>
    </collection>
</resultMap>


<!--查询全部User-->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="userAccountMap">
    <include refid="defUser"/>
</select>

<!--根据ID查询User-->
<select id="findById" resultMap="userAccountMap" parameterType="int">
    <include refid="defUser"/>
    <where>
        ID = #{id}
    </where>
</select>

10.2.3.测试 package com.yuan.test;

import com.yuan.dao.UserDao;
import com.yuan.doman.Account;
import com.yuan.doman.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
InputStream is = null;
SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
SqlSession session = null;

@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
    //读取配置文件
    is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
    //创建会话工厂
    factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
    //生产SQLSession对象
    session = factory.openSession();
}

@After
public void close() throws IOException {
    session.commit();
    session.close();
    is.close();
}


@Test
public void finAllAccount() {
    UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    List<User> userAccounts = userDao.findAll();
    for (User userAccount : userAccounts) {
        System.out.println("------------------------");
        System.out.println("userAccount = " + userAccount);
        if (!(userAccount.getAccounts().size()<=0)) {
            for (Account account : userAccount.getAccounts()) {
                System.out.println("account = " + account);
            }
        }
    }

}

}
10.3.多对多(User<===>Role)
10.3.1.实体类
package com.yuan.doman;

import java.util.List;

public class Role {
private Integer id;
private String role_name;
private String role_desc;
/**
* 角色对应的账户结合
*/
private List users;
//Get() Set() 方法
}
package com.yuan.doman;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

public class User{
private Integer id;
/**
* 用户姓名
/
private String username;
/*
* 用户生日
/
private Date birthday;
/*
* 用户性别
/
private String sex;
/*
* 用户地址
*/
private String address;

/**
 *角色下的账户集合
 * @return
 */
private List<Role> roles;
//Get() Set() 方法

}
10.3.2.映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<resultMap id="roleUserMap" type="role">
    <id property="id" column="rid"></id>
    <result property="role_name" column="role_name"/>
    <result property="role_desc" column="role_desc"/>
    <collection property="users" ofType="user">
        <id property="id" column="UID"></id>
        <result property="username" column="username"/>
        <result property="birthday" column="birthday"/>
        <result property="sex" column="sex"/>
        <result property="address" column="address"/>
    </collection>
</resultMap>


<!--查询全部User-->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="roleUserMap">

SELECT
r.id as rid
,r.ROLE_NAME
,r.ROLE_DESC
,u.id AS UID
,u.username
,u.sex
,u.address
,u.birthday
from role r
LEFT JOIN user_role ur ON r.ID = ur.RID
LEFT JOIN user u ON u.id = ur.UID

<!--根据ID查询User-->
<select id="findById" resultMap="roleUserMap" parameterType="int">
</select>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<resultMap id="userRolestMap" type="user">
    <id property="id" column="uid"></id>
    <result property="username" column="username"/>
    <result property="birthday" column="birthday"/>
    <result property="sex" column="sex"/>
    <result property="address" column="address"/>

    <collection property="roles" ofType="role">
        <id property="id" column="rid"></id>
        <result property="role_name" column="role_name"/>
        <result property="role_desc" column="role_desc"/>
    </collection>
</resultMap>


<!--查询全部User-->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="userRolestMap">

SELECT
u.id AS UID
,u.username
,u.sex
,u.address
,u.birthday
,r.id as rid
,r.ROLE_NAME
,r.ROLE_DESC
from user u
LEFT JOIN user_role ur ON u.ID = ur.UID
LEFT JOIN role r ON r.ID = ur.RID

<!--根据ID查询User-->
<select id="findById" resultMap="userRolestMap" parameterType="int">
</select>

10.3.3.测试 package com.yuan.test;

import com.yuan.dao.RoleDao;
import com.yuan.doman.Role;
import com.yuan.doman.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class RoleDaoTest {
InputStream is = null;
SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
SqlSession session = null;
RoleDao roleDao = null;
@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
//读取配置文件
is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(“SqlMapConfig.xml”);
//创建会话工厂
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
//生产SQLSession对象
session = factory.openSession();
roleDao = session.getMapper(RoleDao.class);
}
@After
public void close() throws IOException {
session.commit();
session.close();
is.close();
}
@Test
public void finAll() {

    List<Role> roles = roleDao.findAll();
    for (Role role : roles) {
    System.out.println("-----------------");
        System.out.println("role = " + role);
        if(!(role.getUsers().size()<=0)){
            for (User user : role.getUsers()) {
                System.out.println("user = " + user);
            }
        }
    }
}

}
package com.yuan.test;

import com.yuan.dao.UserDao;
import com.yuan.doman.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
InputStream is = null;
SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
SqlSession session = null;
UserDao userDao = null;

@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
    //读取配置文件
    is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
    //创建会话工厂
    factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
    //生产SQLSession对象
    session = factory.openSession();
    userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
}
@After
public void close() throws IOException {
    session.commit();
    session.close();
    is.close();
}
@Test
public void finAllAccount() {

    List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
    for (User user : users) {
        System.out.println("user = " + user);
    }
}

}
11.MyBatis表与表之间的关系【注解实现】
11.1.pom.xml
参考3.1

11.2.编写实体类
11.2.1.User.java
package com.yuan.doman;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

public class User implements Serializable {

private Integer id;
/**
 * 用户姓名
 */
private String  username;
/**
 * 用户生日
 */
private Date    birthday;
/**
 * 用户性别
 */
private String  sex;
/**
 * 用户地址
 */
private String  address;
/**
 * 用户下的账户信息
 */
private List<Account> accounts;

public List<Account> getAccounts() {
    return accounts;
}

public void setAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
    this.accounts = accounts;
}

/**
 *用户下的角色集合
 * @return
 */
private List<Role> roles;

public List<Role> getRoles() {
    return roles;
}

public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {
    this.roles = roles;
}

public Integer getId() {
    return id;
}

public void setId(Integer id) {
    this.id = id;
}

public String getUsername() {
    return username;
}

public void setUsername(String username) {
    this.username = username;
}

public Date getBirthday() {
    return birthday;
}

public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
    this.birthday = birthday;
}

public String getSex() {
    return sex;
}

public void setSex(String sex) {
    this.sex = sex;
}

public String getAddress() {
    return address;
}

public void setAddress(String address) {
    this.address = address;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
    return  "User{" +
            "id=" + id +
            ", username='" + username + '\'' +
            ", birthday=" + birthday +
            ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
            ", address='" + address + '\'' +
            '}';
}

}
11.2.2.Account.java
package com.yuan.doman;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
/**
* 用户Id
/
private Integer uid;
/*
* 账户余额
/
private Double money;
/*
* 所属用户【这个数据库中表没有】
*/
private User user;

public Integer getId() {
    return id;
}

public void setId(Integer id) {
    this.id = id;
}

public Integer getUid() {
    return uid;
}

public void setUid(Integer uid) {
    this.uid = uid;
}

public Double getMoney() {
    return money;
}

public void setMoney(Double money) {
    this.money = money;
}

public User getUser() {
    return user;
}

public void setUser(User user) {
    this.user = user;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
    return "Account{" +
            "id=" + id +
            ", uid=" + uid +
            ", money=" + money +
            ", user=" + user +
            '}';
}

}
11.2.3.Role.java
package com.yuan.doman;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

public class Role implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
/**
* 角色名
/
private String role_name;
/*
* 角色权限
/
private String role_desc;
/*
* 角色对应的账户结合
*/
private List users;

public List<User> getUsers() {
    return users;
}

public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
    this.users = users;
}

public Integer getId() {
    return id;
}

public void setId(Integer id) {
    this.id = id;
}

public String getRole_name() {
    return role_name;
}

public void setRole_name(String role_name) {
    this.role_name = role_name;
}

public String getRole_desc() {
    return role_desc;
}

public void setRole_desc(String role_desc) {
    this.role_desc = role_desc;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
    return "Role{" +
            "id=" + id +
            ", role_name='" + role_name + '\'' +
            ", role_desc='" + role_desc + '\'' +
            '}';
}

}
11.3.编写持久层接口
11.3.1.UserDao.java
package com.yuan.dao;

import com.yuan.doman.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;

import java.util.List;

/**

• ，用户的持久层接口
  */
  public interface UserDao {

  /**

  • 查询所有用户
  • @return
    /
    @Select(“select * from user”)
    @Results(
    id = “userMap”,
    value = {
    @Result(id = true, column = “id”, property = “id”),
    @Result(column = “username”, property = “username”),
    @Result(column = “sex”, property = “sex”),
    @Result(column = “address”, property = “address”),
    @Result(column = “birthday”, property = “birthday”)
    }
    )
    List findAll();
    /*
  • 根据 id 查询一个用户
  • @param userId
  • @return
    */
    @Select("select * from user where id = #{uid} ")
    @ResultMap(“userMap”)
    User findById(Integer userId);

  /**

  • 保存操作
  • @param user
  • @return
    */
    @Insert(“insert into user(username,sex,birthday,address)values(#{username},#{sex},#{birthday},#{address} )”)
    @SelectKey(
    keyColumn = “id”,
    keyProperty = “id”,
    resultType = Integer.class,
    before = false,
    statement = {“select last_insert_id()”}
    )
    int saveUser(User user);

  /**

  • 更新操作
  • @param user
  • @return
    */
    @Update("update user set username=#{username},address=#{address},sex=#{sex},birthday=#{birthday} where id =#{id} ")
    int updateUser(User user);

  /**

  • 删除用户
  • @param userId
  • @return
    */
    @Delete("delete from user where id = #{uid} ")
    int deleteUser(Integer userId);

  /**

  • 查询使用聚合函数
  • @return
    /
    @Select("select count() from user ")
    int findTotal();

  /**

  • 模糊查询
  • @param name
  • @return
    */
    @Select("select * from user where username like #{username} ")
    List findByName(String name);
    }
    11.3.2.AccountDao.java
    package com.yuan.dao;

import com.yuan.doman.Account;

import java.util.List;

public interface AccountDao {
/**
* 查询所有账户
* @return
*/
List findAll();

/**
 * 查询所有账户
 * @param aid
 * @return
 */
Account findByUid(Integer aid);

}
11.3.3.RoleDao.java
package com.yuan.dao;

import com.yuan.doman.Role;
import com.yuan.doman.User;

import java.util.List;

/**

• ，用户的持久层接口
  */
  public interface RoleDao {

  /**

  • 全查User
  • @return
    */
    List findAll();

  /**

  • 查询UserId
  • @param rid
    */
    Role findById(Integer rid);

}
11.4.编写配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

</settings>
<!--别名包-->
<typeAliases>
    <package name="com.yuan.doman"/>
</typeAliases>
<!--配置环境-->
<environments default="def">
    <!--配置默认环境-->
    <environment id="def">
        <!--配置JDBC事务-->
        <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
        <!--配置POOLED连接池-->
        <dataSource type="POOLED">
            <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
            <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
            <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
            <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        </dataSource>
    </environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
    <!--引入映射文件-->
    <package name="com.yuan.dao"/>
</mappers>

11.5.测试 package com.yuan.test;

import com.yuan.dao.UserDao;
import com.yuan.doman.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
InputStream is = null;
SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
SqlSession session = null;
UserDao userDao = null;

@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
    //读取配置文件
    is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
    //创建会话工厂
    factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
    //生产SQLSession对象
    session = factory.openSession();
    userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
}

@After
public void close() throws IOException {
    session.commit();
    session.close();
    is.close();
}

@Test
public void finAllTest() {
    List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
    for (User user : users) {
        System.out.println("user = " + user);
    }
}

@Test
public void findByIdTest() {
    User user = userDao.findById(61);
    System.out.println(user);
}


@Test
public void saveUserTest() {
    final User user = new User();
    user.setUsername("GiaoWin");
    System.out.println(user.getUsername()+"------------");
    userDao.saveUser(user);
    System.out.println(user.getId()+"------------");
}

@Test
public void updateUserTest() {
    final User user = new User();
    user.setId(61);
    user.setUsername("GiaoWinner");
    userDao.updateUser(user);
    System.out.println(user.getUsername()+"------------");
}

@Test
public void deleteUserTest() {

    System.out.println(userDao.deleteUser(61));
}


@Test
public void findTotalTest() {

    System.out.println(userDao.findTotal());
}

@Test
public void findByNameTest() {

   List<User> users = userDao.findByName("Giao%");
   for (User user : users) {
       System.out.println("user = " + user);
   }

}
}
11.6多对一
这里只有接口文件有和测试文件变化

11.6.1.接口
UserDao.java

package com.yuan.dao;

import com.yuan.doman.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;

@CacheNamespace
public interface UserDao {
/**
* 根据用户Id返回该用户
* @param uid
* @return
*/
@Select(“select * from user where id = #{id}”)
User findById(Integer uid);

}
AccountDao.java

package com.yuan.dao;

import com.yuan.doman.Account;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.One;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Result;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Results;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.FetchType;

import java.util.List;

public interface AccountDao {

/**
 * 查询账户以及所属用户
 * @return
 */
@Select("select * from account")
@Results(value = {
        @Result(id = true,column = "id",property = "id"),
        @Result(column = "uid",property = "user",
                one = @One(select = "com.yuan.dao.UserDao.findById",
                           fetchType = FetchType.EAGER)
                )
})
List<Account> findAll();

}
11.6.2.测试
package com.yuan.test;

import com.yuan.dao.AccountDao;
import com.yuan.doman.Account;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class AccountTest {

InputStream in;
SqlSessionFactory factory;
SqlSession session;
AccountDao accountDao;


@Before
public void before() throws IOException {
    //读取配置文件
    in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
    //生成Session工厂
    factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
    //生产Session对象
    session = factory.openSession();
    //获取Dao对象
    accountDao = session.getMapper(AccountDao.class);

}


@After
public void after() throws IOException {
    session.commit();
    session.close();
    in.close();
}

/**
 * 一对一查询
 * @throws IOException
 */
@Test
public void findAccountAllTest() {
    List<Account> accountAll = accountDao.findAll();
    for (Account account : accountAll) {
        System.out.println("account = " + account);
    }
}

}
11.7.多对一
11.7.1.接口
UserDao.java

package com.yuan.dao;

import com.yuan.doman.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.FetchType;

import java.util.List;
//开启二级缓存
@CacheNamespace(blocking = true)
public interface UserDao {

/**
 * 查询用户及其下属账户
 * @return
 */
@Select("select * from user")
@Results(value = {
        @Result(id = true,column = "id",property = "id"),
        @Result(column = "id",property = "accounts",
                //配置一对多
                many = @Many(select = "com.yuan.dao.AccountDao.findByUid",
                            //配置延迟加载
                            fetchType = FetchType.LAZY
                ))
            })
List<User> findAll();

}
AccountDao.java

package com.yuan.dao;

import com.yuan.doman.Account;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;

import java.util.List;

public interface AccountDao {

/**
 * 根据用户Id查询 账户信息
 * @param uid
 * @return
 */
@Select("select * from account where uid = #{uid}")
List<Account> findByUid(Integer uid);

}
11.7.2.测试
package com.yuan.test;

import com.yuan.dao.AccountDao;
import com.yuan.dao.UserDao;
import com.yuan.doman.Account;
import com.yuan.doman.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class UserTest {

InputStream in;
SqlSessionFactory factory;
SqlSession session;
UserDao userDao;


@Before
public void before() throws IOException {
    //读取配置文件
    in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
    //生成Session工厂
    factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
    //生产Session对象
    session = factory.openSession();
    //获取Dao对象
    userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);

}


@After
public void after() throws IOException {
    session.commit();
    session.close();
    in.close();
}

/**
 * 一对多查询
 */
@Test
public void findUserAllTest() {
    List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
    for (User user : users) {
        System.out.println("user = " + user);
        List<Account> accounts = user.getAccounts();
        System.out.println("accounts = " + accounts);
    }
}

}
11.7常用注解
@Insert:实现新增
@Update:实现更新
@Delete:实现删除
@Select:实现查询
@Result:实现结果集封装
@Results:可以与@Result 一起使用，封装多个结果集
@ResultMap:实现引用@Results 定义的封装
@One:实现一对一结果集封装
@Many:实现一对多结果集封装
@SelectProvider: 实现动态 SQL 映射
@CacheNamespace:实现注解二级缓存的使用
11.6复杂注解
@Results 注解
代替的是标签
该注解中可以使用单个@Result 注解，也可以使用@Result 集合 @Results（{@Result（），@Result（）}）或@Results（@Result（））

@Resutl 注解
代替了 标签和标签
@Result 中 属性介绍：
id 是否是主键字段
column 数据库的列名
property 需要装配的属性名
one 需要使用的@One 注解（@Result（one=@One）（）））
many 需要使用的@Many 注解（@Result（many=@many）（）））

@One 注解（一对一）
代替了标签，是多表查询的关键，在注解中用来指定子查询返回单一对象。
@One 注解属性介绍：
select 指定用来多表查询的
sqlmapper fetchType 会覆盖全局的配置参数 lazyLoadingEnabled。
使用格式：
@Result(column=" “,property=”",one=@One(select=""))

@Many 注解（多对一）
代替了标签,是是多表查询的关键，在注解中用来指定子查询返回对象集合。
注意：
聚集元素用来处理“一对多”的关系。需要指定映射的 Java 实体类的属性，属性的 javaType （一般为 ArrayList）但是注解中可以不定义；
使用格式：
@Result(property="",column="",many=@Many(select=""))
12.MyBatis的延迟加载
1.一对一(多对一)延迟加载

SELECT * FROM ACCOUNT 2.一对多延迟加载 SELECT * FROM USER 13.MyBatis的缓存 像大多数的持久化框架一样，Mybatis 也提供了缓存策略，通过缓存策略来减少数据库的查询次数，从而提 高性能。 Mybatis 中缓存分为一级缓存，二级缓存。

MyBatis的缓存
13.1.一级缓存
它指的是Mybatis中SqlSession对象的缓存。

当我们执行查询之后，查询的结果会同时存入到SqlSession为我们提供一块区域中。

该区域的结构是一个Map。当我们再次查询同样的数据，mybatis会先去sqlsession中

查询是否有，有的话直接拿出来用。

当SqlSession对象消失时，mybatis的一级缓存也就消失了。

一级缓存是 SqlSession 级别的缓存，只要 SqlSession 没有 flush 或 close，它就存在。 默认开启哒！

当调用 SqlSession 的修改，添加，删除，commit()，close()等方法时，就会清空一级缓存。

13.2.二级缓存
它指的是Mybatis中SqlSessionFactory对象的缓存。由同一个SqlSessionFactory对象创建的SqlSession共享其缓存。
二级缓存(默认开启)的使用步骤：
第一步：让Mybatis框架支持二级缓存（在SqlMapConfig.xml中配置）

<settings>
    <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>

第二步：让当前的映射文件支持二级缓存（在IUserDao.xml中配置）
添加标签【在映射文件中添加了这个标签就完事了】

第三步： 在select标签添加属性useCache=“true”

image.png
13.3.注意事项
当我们在使用二级缓存时，所缓存的类一定要实现 java.io.Serializable 接口，这种就可以使用序列化 方式来保存对象。

小结3
什么是延迟加载

就是在需要用到数据时才进行加载，不需要用到数据时就不加载数据。延迟加载也称懒加载. 好处：先从单表查询，需要时再从关联表去关联查询，大大提高数据库性能，因为查询单表要比关联查询多张表速 度要快。

延迟加载的坏处？

因为只有当需要用到数据时，才会进行数据库查询，这样在大批量数据查询时，因为查询工作也要消耗 时间，所以可能造成用户等待时间变长，造成用户体验下降。

注解方式如何开启二级缓存

第一步：配置文件开启二级缓存

第二步：在接口文件接口名上添加注解@CacheNamespace(blocking = true)

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Java之 常用框架

作者：莫德凯撒的长筒丝袜
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/1d51d0fa9555
来源：简书
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