HttpClient详细解释

Http协议的重要性相信不用我多说了,HttpClient相比传统JDK自带的URLConnection,增加了易用性和灵活性(具体区别,日后我们再讨论),它不仅是客户端发送Http请求变得容易,而且也方便了开发人员测试接口(基于Http协议的),即提高了开发的效率,也方便提高代码的健壮性。因此熟练掌握HttpClient是很重要的必修内容,掌握HttpClient后,相信对于Http协议的了解会更加深入。

org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient与org.apache.http.client.HttpClient的区别

  1. Commons的HttpClient项目现在是生命的尽头,不再被开发,  
  2. 已被Apache HttpComponents项目HttpClient和的HttpCore  
  3. 模组取代,提供更好的性能和更大的灵活性。  

一、简介

HttpClient是Apache Jakarta Common下的子项目,用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持HTTP协议的客户端编程工具包,并且它支持HTTP协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient已经应用在很多的项目中,比如Apache Jakarta上很著名的另外两个开源项目Cactus和HTMLUnit都使用了HttpClient。

下载地址: http://hc.apache.org/downloads.cgi

二、特性

1. 基于标准、纯净的java语言。实现了Http1.0和Http1.1

2. 以可扩展的面向对象的结构实现了Http全部的方法(GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, HEAD, OPTIONS, and TRACE)。

3. 支持HTTPS协议。

4. 通过Http代理建立透明的连接。

5. 利用CONNECT方法通过Http代理建立隧道的https连接。

6. Basic, Digest, NTLMv1, NTLMv2, NTLM2 Session, SNPNEGO/Kerberos认证方案。

7. 插件式的自定义认证方案。

8. 便携可靠的套接字工厂使它更容易的使用第三方解决方案。

9. 连接管理器支持多线程应用。支持设置最大连接数,同时支持设置每个主机的最大连接数,发现并关闭过期的连接。

10. 自动处理Set-Cookie中的Cookie。

11. 插件式的自定义Cookie策略。

12. Request的输出流可以避免流中内容直接缓冲到socket服务器。

13. Response的输入流可以有效的从socket服务器直接读取相应内容。

14. 在http1.0和http1.1中利用KeepAlive保持持久连接。

15. 直接获取服务器发送的response code和 headers。

16. 设置连接超时的能力。

17. 实验性的支持http1.1 response caching。

18. 源代码基于Apache License 可免费获取。

三、使用方法

使用HttpClient发送请求、接收响应很简单,一般需要如下几步即可。

1. 创建HttpClient对象。

2. 创建请求方法的实例,并指定请求URL。如果需要发送GET请求,创建HttpGet对象;如果需要发送POST请求,创建HttpPost对象。

3. 如果需要发送请求参数,可调用HttpGet、HttpPost共同的setParams(HetpParams params)方法来添加请求参数;对于HttpPost对象而言,也可调用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)方法来设置请求参数。

4. 调用HttpClient对象的execute(HttpUriRequest request)发送请求,该方法返回一个HttpResponse。

5. 调用HttpResponse的getAllHeaders()、getHeaders(String name)等方法可获取服务器的响应头;调用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法可获取HttpEntity对象,该对象包装了服务器的响应内容。程序可通过该对象获取服务器的响应内容。

6. 释放连接。无论执行方法是否成功,都必须释放连接

相关jar包

  1. commons-cli-1.2.jar  
  2. commons-codec-1.9.jar  
  3. commons-logging-1.2.jar  
  4. fluent-hc-4.5.1.jar  
  5. httpclient-4.5.1.jar  
  6. httpclient-cache-4.5.1.jar  
  7. httpclient-win-4.5.1.jar  
  8. httpcore-4.4.3.jar  
  9. httpcore-ab-4.4.3.jar  
  10. httpcore-nio-4.4.3.jar  
  11. httpmime-4.5.1.jar  
  12. jna-4.1.0.jar  
  13. jna-platform-4.1.0.jar  

最简单post请求, 源自 http://my.oschina.net/xinxingegeya/blog/282683

package a;  
   
import java.io.FileInputStream;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
import java.util.Properties;  
   
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
   
public class First {  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{  
        List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
        formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("account", ""));  
        formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", ""));  
        HttpEntity reqEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "utf-8");  
    
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()  
        .setConnectTimeout(5000)//一、连接超时:connectionTimeout-->指的是连接一个url的连接等待时间  
                .setSocketTimeout(5000)// 二、读取数据超时:SocketTimeout-->指的是连接上一个url,获取response的返回等待时间  
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)  
                .build();  
    
        HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();  
        HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://cnivi.com.cn/login");  
        post.setEntity(reqEntity);  
        post.setConfig(requestConfig);  
        HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);  
    
        if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {  
            HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();  
            String message = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, "utf-8");  
            System.out.println(message);  
        } else {  
            System.out.println("请求失败");  
        }  
    }  
   
}  

四、实例

主要用到的包:

package com.test;  
      
import java.io.File;  
import java.io.FileInputStream;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;  
import java.security.KeyManagementException;  
import java.security.KeyStore;  
import java.security.KeyStoreException;  
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;  
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;  
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.ParseException;  
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;  
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContexts;  
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy;  
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;  
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;  
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;  
import org.junit.Test;  
public class HttpClientTest {  
  //方法见下........  
}  

HttpClientUtils工具类

package com.bobo.code.web.controller.technology.httpcomponents;  
   
   
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;  
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.conn.routing.HttpRoute;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;  
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
    
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.util.*;  
    
public class HttpClientUtils {  
    
    private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = null;  
    private static HttpClientBuilder httpBuilder = null;  
    private static RequestConfig requestConfig = null;  
    
    private static int MAXCONNECTION = 10;  
    
    private static int DEFAULTMAXCONNECTION = 5;  
    
    private static String IP = "cnivi.com.cn";  
    private static int PORT = 80;  
    
    static {  
        //设置http的状态参数  
        requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()  
                .setSocketTimeout(5000)  
                .setConnectTimeout(5000)  
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)  
                .build();  
    
        HttpHost target = new HttpHost(IP, PORT);  
        connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();  
        connectionManager.setMaxTotal(MAXCONNECTION);//客户端总并行链接最大数  
        connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(DEFAULTMAXCONNECTION);//每个主机的最大并行链接数  
        connectionManager.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(target), 20);  
        httpBuilder = HttpClients.custom();  
        httpBuilder.setConnectionManager(connectionManager);  
    }  
    
    public static CloseableHttpClient getConnection() {  
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = httpBuilder.build();  
        return httpClient;  
    }  
    
    
    public static HttpUriRequest getRequestMethod(Map<String, String> map, String url, String method) {  
        List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
        Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entrySet = map.entrySet();  
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : entrySet) {  
            String name = e.getKey();  
            String value = e.getValue();  
            NameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(name, value);  
            params.add(pair);  
        }  
        HttpUriRequest reqMethod = null;  
        if ("post".equals(method)) {  
            reqMethod = RequestBuilder.post().setUri(url)  
                    .addParameters(params.toArray(new BasicNameValuePair[params.size()]))  
                    .setConfig(requestConfig).build();  
        } else if ("get".equals(method)) {  
            reqMethod = RequestBuilder.get().setUri(url)  
                    .addParameters(params.toArray(new BasicNameValuePair[params.size()]))  
                    .setConfig(requestConfig).build();  
        }  
        return reqMethod;  
    }  
    
    public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {  
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();  
        map.put("account", "");  
        map.put("password", "");  
    
        HttpClient client = getConnection();  
        HttpUriRequest post = getRequestMethod(map, "http://cnivi.com.cn/login", "post");  
        HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);  
    
        if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {  
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  
            String message = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");  
            System.out.println(message);  
        } else {  
            System.out.println("请求失败");  
        }  
    }  
}  

get方式

/** 
     * 发送 get请求 
     */   
    public void get() {   
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();   
        try {   
            // 创建httpget.     
            HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/");   
            System.out.println("executing request " + httpget.getURI());   
            // 执行get请求.     
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);   
            try {   
                // 获取响应实体     
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();   
                System.out.println("--------------------------------------");   
                // 打印响应状态     
                System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());   
                if (entity != null) {   
                    // 打印响应内容长度     
                    System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());   
                    // 打印响应内容     
                    System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity));   
                }   
                System.out.println("------------------------------------");   
            } finally {   
                response.close();   
            }   
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (ParseException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (IOException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } finally {   
            // 关闭连接,释放资源     
            try {   
                httpclient.close();   
            } catch (IOException e) {   
                e.printStackTrace();   
            }   
        }   
    }   

post方式

/** 
     * 发送 post请求访问本地应用并根据传递参数不同返回不同结果 
     */   
    public void post() {   
        // 创建默认的httpClient实例.     
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();   
        // 创建httppost     
        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/myDemo/Ajax/serivceJ.action");   
        // 创建参数队列     
        List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();   
        formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("type", "house"));   
        UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;   
        try {   
            uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");   
            httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);   
            System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getURI());   
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);   
            try {   
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();   
                if (entity != null) {   
                    System.out.println("--------------------------------------");   
                    System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"));   
                    System.out.println("--------------------------------------");   
                }   
            } finally {   
                response.close();   
            }   
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {   
            e1.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (IOException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } finally {   
            // 关闭连接,释放资源     
            try {   
                httpclient.close();   
            } catch (IOException e) {   
                e.printStackTrace();   
            }   
        }   
    }   

post方式乱码补充 

如果有乱码,可以偿试使用 StringEntity 来替换HttpEntity:

StringEntity content =new StringEntity(soapRequestData.toString(), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));// 第二个参数,设置后才会对,内容进行编码  
        content.setContentType("application/soap+xml; charset=UTF-8");  
        content.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");  
        httppost.setEntity(content);  

 具体SOAP协议代码如下:

package com.isoftstone.core.service.impl;  
  
import java.io.BufferedReader;  
import java.io.File;  
import java.io.FileInputStream;  
import java.io.FileReader;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.InputStreamReader;  
import java.nio.charset.Charset;  
import java.util.Scanner;  
  
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;  
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.EntityBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;  
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;  
import org.jdom.Document;  
import org.jdom.Element;  
  
import com.isoftstone.core.common.constant.RequestConstants;  
import com.isoftstone.core.common.tools.XmlTool;  
import com.isoftstone.core.service.intf.ServiceOfStringPara;  
/** 
 * 德勤定价系统,由核心主动调用 
 * @author King 
 * 
 */  
public class DeloittePricingSingleCarImpl implements ServiceOfStringPara {  
    private  String serviceUrl = "http://10.30.0.35:7001/ZSInsUW/Auto/PricingService";  
  
    private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(DeloittePricingSingleCarImpl.class.getName());  
  
    public String invoke(String sRequest) {  
          
        StringBuffer soapRequestData = new StringBuffer();  
        soapRequestData.append("<soapenv:Envelope");  
        soapRequestData.append("  xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" ");  
        soapRequestData.append("  xmlns:prov=\"http://provider.webservice.zsins.dtt.com/\">");  
        soapRequestData.append(" <soapenv:Header/> ");  
        soapRequestData.append("<soapenv:Body>");  
        soapRequestData.append("<prov:executePrvPricing>");  
        soapRequestData.append("<arg0>");  
        soapRequestData.append("<![CDATA[" + sRequest + "]]>");  
        soapRequestData.append("</arg0>");  
        soapRequestData.append("</prov:executePrvPricing>");  
        soapRequestData.append(" </soapenv:Body>");  
        soapRequestData.append("</soapenv:Envelope>");  
  
        HttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();  
        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(serviceUrl);  
  
        StringEntity content =new StringEntity(soapRequestData.toString(), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));// 第二个参数,设置后才会对,内容进行编码  
        content.setContentType("application/soap+xml; charset=UTF-8");  
        content.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");  
        httppost.setEntity(content);  
          
        //用下面的服务器端以UTF-8接收到的报文会乱码,原因未知  
//        HttpEntity reqEntity = EntityBuilder.create().setContentType(  
//                ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN) // .TEXT_PLAIN  
//                .setText(soapRequestData.toString()).build();  
//        httppost.setEntity(reqEntity);  
//        httppost.addHeader("Content-Type",  
//                "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");  
        HttpResponse response = null;  
        Document doc = null;  
        String returnXml = null;  
        String sentity = null;  
        try {  
            response = httpclient.execute(httppost);  
            HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();  
            if (resEntity != null) {  
                sentity = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, "UTF-8");  
                doc = XmlTool.getDocument(sentity, RequestConstants.ENCODE);  
                System.out.println(doc.toString());  
                Element eRoot = doc.getRootElement();  
                Element body = eRoot.getChild("Body", eRoot.getNamespace());  
                Element resp = (Element) body.getChildren().get(0);  
                Element returnele = resp.getChild("return");  
                returnXml = returnele.getText().toString();  
            }  
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } finally {  
            log.info("发送给德勤定价系统的请求报文:\n" + soapRequestData.toString());  
            log.info("德勤定价系统返回的响应报文:\n" + sentity);  
            log.info("返回给核心的的报文:\n" + returnXml);  
        }  
        return returnXml;  
    }  
      
      
    public String getServiceUrl() {  
        return serviceUrl;  
    }  
  
  
    public void setServiceUrl(String serviceUrl) {  
        this.serviceUrl = serviceUrl;  
    }  
  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{  
        File file = new File("D:/浙商项目资料/z浙江资料/t唐建华/德勤定价调试报文.txt");  
        System.out.println(file.exists());  
          
        String temp2 = null;  
        StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder();  
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file),"GBK");  
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);  
        temp2 = br.readLine();  
          
        while( temp2 != null ){  
            sb2.append(temp2);  
            temp2 = br.readLine();  
        }  
        String sss = sb2.toString();  
//        System.out.println(sss.toString());  
        new DeloittePricingSingleCarImpl().invoke(sss);  
    }  
}  

post提交表单

/** 
     * post方式提交表单(模拟用户登录请求) 
     */   
    public void postForm() {   
        // 创建默认的httpClient实例.     
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();   
        // 创建httppost     
        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/myDemo/Ajax/serivceJ.action");   
        // 创建参数队列     
        List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();   
        formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "admin"));   
        formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123456"));   
        UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;   
        try {   
            uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");   
            httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);   
            System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getURI());   
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);   
            try {   
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();   
                if (entity != null) {   
                    System.out.println("--------------------------------------");   
                    System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"));   
                    System.out.println("--------------------------------------");   
                }   
            } finally {   
                response.close();   
            }   
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {   
            e1.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (IOException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } finally {   
            // 关闭连接,释放资源     
            try {   
                httpclient.close();   
            } catch (IOException e) {   
                e.printStackTrace();   
            }   
        }   
    }   

文件上传

/** 
     * 上传文件 
     */   
    public void upload() {   
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();   
        try {   
            HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/myDemo/Ajax/serivceFile.action");   
     
            FileBody bin = new FileBody(new File("F:\\image\\sendpix0.jpg"));   
            StringBody comment = new StringBody("A binary file of some kind", ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);   
     
            HttpEntity reqEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().addPart("bin", bin).addPart("comment", comment).build();   
     
            httppost.setEntity(reqEntity);   
     
            System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getRequestLine());   
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);   
            try {   
                System.out.println("----------------------------------------");   
                System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());   
                HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();   
                if (resEntity != null) {   
                    System.out.println("Response content length: " + resEntity.getContentLength());   
                }   
                EntityUtils.consume(resEntity);   
            } finally {   
                response.close();   
            }   
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (IOException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } finally {   
            try {   
                httpclient.close();   
            } catch (IOException e) {   
                e.printStackTrace();   
            }   
        }   
    }  

ssl连接

/** 
     * HttpClient连接SSL 
     */   
    public void ssl() {   
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = null;   
        try {   
            KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());   
            FileInputStream instream = new FileInputStream(new File("d:\\tomcat.keystore"));   
            try {   
                // 加载keyStore d:\\tomcat.keystore     
                trustStore.load(instream, "123456".toCharArray());   
            } catch (CertificateException e) {   
                e.printStackTrace();   
            } finally {   
                try {   
                    instream.close();   
                } catch (Exception ignore) {   
                }   
            }   
            // 相信自己的CA和所有自签名的证书   
            SSLContext sslcontext = SSLContexts.custom().loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy()).build();   
            // 只允许使用TLSv1协议   
            SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext, new String[] { "TLSv1" }, null,   
                    SSLConnectionSocketFactory.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);   
            httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();   
            // 创建http请求(get方式)   
            HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("https://localhost:8443/myDemo/Ajax/serivceJ.action");   
            System.out.println("executing request" + httpget.getRequestLine());   
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);   
            try {   
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();   
                System.out.println("----------------------------------------");   
                System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());   
                if (entity != null) {   
                    System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());   
                    System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(entity));   
                    EntityUtils.consume(entity);   
                }   
            } finally {   
                response.close();   
            }   
        } catch (ParseException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (IOException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (KeyManagementException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } catch (KeyStoreException e) {   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } finally {   
            if (httpclient != null) {   
                try {   
                    httpclient.close();   
                } catch (IOException e) {   
                    e.printStackTrace();   
                }   
            }   
        }   
    }   

关于RequestConfig的配置:  

public void requestConfig(){  
//      新建一个RequestConfig:  
        RequestConfig defaultRequestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()  
            //一、连接目标服务器超时时间:ConnectionTimeout-->指的是连接一个url的连接等待时间  
            .setConnectTimeout(5000)  
            //二、读取目标服务器数据超时时间:SocketTimeout-->指的是连接上一个url,获取response的返回等待时间  
            .setSocketTimeout(5000)  
            //三、从连接池获取连接的超时时间:ConnectionRequestTimeout  
            .setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)  
            .build();  
           
//      这个超时可以设置为客户端级别,作为所有请求的默认值:  
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()  
            .setDefaultRequestConfig(defaultRequestConfig)  
            .build();  
//       httpclient.execute(httppost);的时候可以让httppost直接享受到httpclient中的默认配置.  
           
//      Request不会继承客户端级别的请求配置,所以在自定义Request的时候,需要将客户端的默认配置拷贝过去:  
        HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.apache.org/");  
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.copy(defaultRequestConfig)  
            .setProxy(new HttpHost("myotherproxy", 8080))  
            .build();  
        httpget.setConfig(requestConfig);  
//      httpget可以单独地使用新copy的requestConfig请求配置,不会对别的request请求产生影响  
    }  

httpGet或httpPost 的abort()和releaseConnection()差异

//httpPost.abort();//中断请求,接下来可以开始另一段请求,所以个人理应,用这个应该可以在session中虚拟登录  
 //httpPost.releaseConnection();//释放请求.如果释放了相当于要清空session  

根所以上差异,可知模拟登录可以如下:  源自 http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/390195343

package com.bms.core;  
     
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
     
import org.apache.http.Consts;  
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
     
import com.bms.util.CommonUtil;  
     
public class Test2 {  
     
    /** 
     * @param args 
     * @throws IOException 
     * @throws ClientProtocolException 
     */  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {  
        DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();  
     
         HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com");  
         String body = "";  
         HttpResponse response;  
         HttpEntity entity;  
         response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);  
         entity = response.getEntity();  
         body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);//这个就是页面源码了  
         httpGet.abort();//中断请求,接下来可以开始另一段请求  
         System.out.println(body);  
         //httpGet.releaseConnection();//释放请求.如果释放了相当于要清空session  
         //以下是post方法  
         HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.baidu.com");//一定要改成可以提交的地址,这里用百度代替  
         List <NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();  
         nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "1"));//名值对  
         nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("account", "xxxx"));  
         httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, Consts.UTF_8));  
         response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);  
         entity = response.getEntity();  
         body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);  
         System.out.println("Login form get: " + response.getStatusLine());//这个可以打印状态  
         httpPost.abort();  
         System.out.println(body);  
         httpPost.releaseConnection();  
    }  
     
}  

转载:https://blog.csdn.net/zhuwukai/article/details/78644484

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