SpringCloud整合Seata的两种常用方式及TC服务器搭建-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43149266/article/details/130251648

分布式事务执行流程

TM开启分布式事务(TM向TC注册全局事务记录)

换业务场景，编排数据库，服务等事务内资源（RM向TC汇报资源准备状态）

TM结束分布式事务，事务一阶段结束（TM通知TC提交/回滚分布式事务）

TC汇总事务信息，决定分布式事务是提交还是回滚

TC通知所有RM提交/回滚资源，事务二阶段结束。

AT模式如何做到对业务的无侵入

一阶段加载

在一阶段，Seata会拦截"业务SQL"

1.解析SQL语义，找到"业务SQL"要更新的业务数据，在业务数据被更新前，将其保存成"before image"

2.执行"业务SQL"更新业务数据，在业务数据更新之后，

3.其保存成"after image"，最后生成行锁。

以上操作全部在一个数据库事务内完成，这样保证了一阶段操作的原子性。

二阶段提交

二阶段如果顺利提交的话，因为"业务SQL"在一阶段已经提交至数据库，所以Seata框架只需将一阶段保存的快照数据和行锁删掉，完成数据清理即可。

二阶段回滚

二阶段如果是回滚的话，Seata就需要回滚一阶段执行的"业务SQL",还原业务数据。

回滚方式便是用"before image"还原业务数据；但在还原前要首先校验脏写，对比"数据库当前业务数据"和"after image",如果两份数据完全一致就说明没有脏写，可以还原业务数据，如果不一致就说明有脏写，出现脏写就需要转人工处理。

一、Seata整合方式之一（相对麻烦）

1.数据库准备

2.引入依赖

<!--Seata依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
            <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
    <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.2</version>
</dependency>

3.配置中心配置并修改properties文件中数据库连接信息和用户名密码信息（这里使用nacos）

Data ID: seataServer.properties

Group: SEATA_GROUP

虚拟组配置，所有的微服务需要加入名称为：my_test_tx_group的事务组中，这里的微服务名称需要在每个分支业务服务application.yml中配置（

seata:
# seata事务组：一组分布式事务的服务配置需要一样
tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group）

修改自己的数据库连接信息

transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableClientBatchSendRequest=true
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
##--------------
service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group=default
##--------------
service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091
service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=false
client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.rm.tccActionInterceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
client.tm.interceptorOrder=-2147482648

store.mode=db
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
##--------------
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://*****:3306/seata?characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=****
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
##--------------
store.lock.mode=file
store.session.mode=file
store.publicKey=123
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.distributedLockExpireTime=10000
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.undo.compress.enable=true
client.undo.compress.type=zip
client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
log.exceptionRate=100
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898

4.修改seata文件部分参数

修改config下的配置type="nacos", dataId = "seataServer.properties"，从nacos配置中心拉取配置

保存后进入到seata-server-1.4.2\bin目录运行seata-server.bat

registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    application = "seata-server"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    namespace = ""
    cluster = "default"
    username = ""
    password = ""
  }
  eureka {
    serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
    application = "default"
    weight = "1"
  }
  redis {
    serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
    db = 0
    password = ""
    cluster = "default"
    timeout = 0
  }
  zk {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
    sessionTimeout = 6000
    connectTimeout = 2000
    username = ""
    password = ""
  }
  consul {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
    aclToken = ""
  }
  etcd3 {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
  }
  sofa {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
    application = "default"
    region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
    datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
    cluster = "default"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    addressWaitTime = "3000"
  }
  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}

config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    namespace = ""
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    username = ""
    password = ""
    dataId = "seataServer.properties"
  }
  consul {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
    aclToken = ""
  }
  apollo {
    appId = "seata-server"
    ## apolloConfigService will cover apolloMeta
    apolloMeta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
    apolloConfigService = "http://192.168.1.204:8080"
    namespace = "application"
    apolloAccesskeySecret = ""
    cluster = "seata"
  }
  zk {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
    sessionTimeout = 6000
    connectTimeout = 2000
    username = ""
    password = ""
    nodePath = "/seata/seata.properties"
  }
  etcd3 {
    serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
  }
  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}

5.给每个分支服务配置数据源连接配置

@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig {
    //循环依赖：
    //@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)
    @Autowired
    DruidDataSource druidDataSource;
    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    public DruidDataSource druidDataSource() {
        return new DruidDataSource();
    }

    /**
     * 需要将 DataSourceProxy 设置为主数据源，否则事务无法回滚
     * @param druidDataSource The DruidDataSource
     * @return The default datasource
     */
    @Primary
    @Bean("dataSource")
    public DataSource dataSource(DruidDataSource druidDataSource) {
        return new DataSourceProxy(druidDataSource);
    }
}

6.在每个分支服务的resource下面添加以下两个文件

①新建file.conf

transport {
  # tcp udt unix-domain-socket
  type = "TCP"
  #NIO NATIVE
  server = "NIO"
  #enable heartbeat
  heartbeat = true
  # the client batch send request enable
  enableClientBatchSendRequest = true
  #thread factory for netty
  threadFactory {
    bossThreadPrefix = "NettyBoss"
    workerThreadPrefix = "NettyServerNIOWorker"
    serverExecutorThread-prefix = "NettyServerBizHandler"
    shareBossWorker = false
    clientSelectorThreadPrefix = "NettyClientSelector"
    clientSelectorThreadSize = 1
    clientWorkerThreadPrefix = "NettyClientWorkerThread"
    # netty boss thread size,will not be used for UDT
    bossThreadSize = 1
    #auto default pin or 8
    workerThreadSize = "default"
  }
  shutdown {
    # when destroy server, wait seconds
    wait = 3
  }
  serialization = "seata"
  compressor = "none"
}
service {
  #transaction service group mapping
  vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group = "default"
  #only support when registry.type=file, please don't set multiple addresses
  default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091"
  #degrade, current not support
  enableDegrade = false
  #disable seata
  disableGlobalTransaction = false
}

client {
  rm {
    asyncCommitBufferLimit = 10000
    lock {
      retryInterval = 10
      retryTimes = 30
      retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict = true
    }
    reportRetryCount = 5
    tableMetaCheckEnable = false
    reportSuccessEnable = false
  }
  tm {
    commitRetryCount = 5
    rollbackRetryCount = 5
  }
  undo {
    dataValidation = true
    logSerialization = "jackson"
    logTable = "undo_log"
  }
  log {
    exceptionRate = 100
  }
}

②新建registry.conf

registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "file"

  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}
config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3、springCloudConfig
  type = "file"

  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}

7.入口服务中手动添加请求拦截器添加XID避免全局事务失效

import feign.RequestInterceptor;
import feign.RequestTemplate;
import io.seata.core.context.RootContext;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration

@Configuration
public class FeignConfig implements RequestInterceptor {
    @Override
    public void apply(RequestTemplate template) {
        //新获取一个XID
        String xid = RootContext.getXID();
        //非空验证
        if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(xid)){
        //移除头中原有的KID
        template.removeHeader(RootContext.KEY_XID);
        //装配新的XID
        template.header(RootContext.KEY_XID,xid);
        }
    }
}

8.扇出业务方法上添加全局事务注解

入口方法上添加 @GlobalTransactional

9.在自己需要操作的数据库中添加表

每个数据库中创建：undo_log表，每个业务数据库都需要这张表，用于数据的rollback。这个表必须有独立的id主键，否则，保存日志报错。(注意：需要手动创建)

CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
  `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
  `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
  `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
  `ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

二、Seata整合方式之二（相对简单）

1. 添加依赖

1. spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata 版本号如果较高可能会报错，这时可以适当降低版本

2. seata-spring-boot-starter 版本号应和自己本机seata服务器版本号一致

        <dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
			<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
			<artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>1.5.2</version>
		</dependency>

2. 配置文件中添加配置

tx-service-group 分组名可以自定义

spring:
   cloud:
     alibaba:
       seata:
         tx-service-group: gmall-tx-group

seata:
  service:
    vgroup-mapping:
      gmall-tx-group: default
    grouplist:
      default: localhost:8091

3. 在业务方法上添加 @GlobalTransactional

4. 在子服务被调用的业务方法上添加 @Transactional

5. 在自己需要操作的数据库中添加表

每个数据库中创建：undo_log表，每个业务数据库都需要这张表，用于数据的rollback。这个表必须有独立的id主键，否则，保存日志报错。(注意：需要手动创建)
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
  `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
  `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
  `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
  `ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;