Java8 中 List 转 Map使用技巧

学习目标：

Collectors.toMap()
Collectors.groupingBy()
Collectors.toList()

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学习内容：

Collectors.toMap()

//测试1 POJO
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
class TestBO {
    String version;
    String groupCode;
}

/**

• 使用toMap()函数之后，返回的就是一个Map了，自然会需要key和value。
• toMap()的第一个参数就是用来生成key值的，第二个参数就是用来生成value值的。
• 第三个参数用在key值冲突的情况下：如果新元素产生的key在Map中已经出现过了，第三个参数就会定义解决的办法。
• 第一个参数item -> item.getVersion() 表示选择TestBO的getVersion作为map的key值；
• 第二个参数item -> item.getGroupCode()表示选择将原来的对象作为map的value值；
• 第三个参数(oldVal, currVal) -> oldVal中，如果oldVal与currVal的key值相同，选择oldVal作为那个key所对应的value值
  */

List<TestBO> list = new ArrayList<>(
                Arrays.asList(
                        new TestBO("v1", "g1"),
                        new TestBO("v1", "g2"),
                        new TestBO("v3", "g3"),
                        new TestBO("v3", "g3")
                )
        );

Map<String, String> map = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(item -> item.getVersion(), item -> item.getGroupCode(), (oldVal, currVal) -> oldVal, LinkedHashMap::new));
System.out.println(map.getClass());//class java.util.LinkedHashMap
System.out.println(map.toString());//{v1=g1, v3=g3}
System.out.println(map.get("v1") + "*****" + map.size());//g1*****2

//如果oldVal与currVal的key值相同，选择oldVal+currVal作为那个key所对应的value值

Map<String, String> map0 = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(item -> item.getVersion(), item -> item.getGroupCode(), (oldVal, currVal) -> oldVal+currVal));
System.out.println(map0.getClass());//class java.util.HashMap
System.out.println(map0.toString());//{v1=g1g2, v3=g3g3}

//另一种形式
//如果oldVal与currVal的key值相同，选择newVal作为那个key所对应的value值

Map<String, String> map1 = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(TestBO::getVersion, TestBO::getGroupCode, (oldVal, newVal) -> newVal));
System.out.println(map1.toString());//{v1=g2, v3=g3}

Collectors.groupingBy()

//1.计数 分组list并显示其总数

Map<TestBO, Long> map2 = list.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Function.identity(), Collectors.counting()));
System.out.println(map2.toString());

//sout:{TestBO(version=v3, groupCode=g3)=2, TestBO(version=v1, groupCode=g2)=1, TestBO(version=v1, groupCode=g1)=1}

//1.1count排序 从大到小

Map<TestBO, Long> finalMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
map2.entrySet().stream()
		.sorted(Map.Entry.<TestBO, Long>comparingByValue().reversed()).forEachOrdered(e -> finalMap.put(e.getKey(), e.getValue()));
System.out.println(finalMap.toString());

//sout:{TestBO(version=v3, groupCode=g3)=2, TestBO(version=v1, groupCode=g2)=1, TestBO(version=v1, groupCode=g1)=1}

//测试2 POJO
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Item {
    private String name;
    private int quantiy;
    private BigDecimal price;
}

List<Item> items = Arrays.asList(
                new Item("apple", 10, new BigDecimal("9.99")),
                new Item("apple", 20, new BigDecimal("9.99")),
                new Item("apple", 10, new BigDecimal("9.99")),
                new Item("papaya", 20, new BigDecimal("9.99")),
                new Item("banana", 10, new BigDecimal("19.99")),
                new Item("banana", 20, new BigDecimal("19.99")),
                new Item("orang", 10, new BigDecimal("29.99")),
                new Item("watermelon", 10, new BigDecimal("29.99"))
        );

//2统计同list中相同name的Item个数

Map<String, Long> counting = items.stream().collect(
Collectors.groupingBy(Item::getName, Collectors.counting()));
System.out.println(counting);
//sout:{banana=2, papaya=1, apple=3, orang=1, watermelon=1}

//3统计每个Item的name的quantity总数

Map<String, Integer> sum = items.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Item::getName, Collectors.summingInt(Item::getQuantiy)));
System.out.println(sum);

//{banana=30, papaya=20, apple=40, orang=10, watermelon=10}

//4按照price分组，list所有的Item(包含重复的)

Map<BigDecimal, List<Item>> groupByPriceMap = items.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Item::getPrice));
System.out.println(groupByPriceMap);

//{19.99=[Item(name=banana, quantiy=10, price=19.99), Item(name=banana, quantiy=20, price=19.99)], 29.99=[Item(name=orang, quantiy=10, price=29.99), Item(name=watermelon, quantiy=10, price=29.99)], 9.99=[Item(name=apple, quantiy=10, price=9.99), Item(name=apple, quantiy=20, price=9.99), Item(name=apple, quantiy=10, price=9.99), Item(name=papaya, quantiy=20, price=9.99)]}

//5group by price, 使用Collectors.mapping将List转为Set

Map<BigDecimal, Set<String>> result = items.stream().collect( Collectors.groupingBy(Item::getPrice, Collectors.mapping(Item::getName, Collectors.toSet())));
System.out.println(result);

//{19.99=[banana], 29.99=[orang, watermelon], 9.99=[papaya, apple]}

//6将Item属性拼接分组

Map<String, Set<String>> groupByQuntity_PriceMap = items.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(item -> item.getQuantiy()+"_"+item.getPrice(), Collectors.mapping(Item::getName, Collectors.toSet())));
System.out.println(groupByQuntity_PriceMap);

//sout:{20_9.99=[papaya, apple], 10_19.99=[banana], 20_19.99=[banana], 10_9.99=[apple], 10_29.99=[orang, watermelon]}

//7根据不同条件分组
```java
Map<String, Map<String, List<Item>>> groupByCondition = items.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Item::getName,
       Collectors.groupingBy(item -> {
            if (item.getQuantiy() <= 10) {
                return "you";
            } else {
                return "me";
            }
        })));
System.out.println(groupByCondition);

//sout:{ banana={me=[Item(name=banana, quantiy=20, price=19.99)], you=[Item(name=banana, quantiy=10, price=19.99)]},
//papaya={me=[Item(name=papaya, quantiy=20, price=9.99)]},
//apple={me=[Item(name=apple, quantiy=20, price=9.99)], you=[Item(name=apple, quantiy=10, price=9.99), Item(name=apple, quantiy=10, price=9.99)]},
//orang={you=[Item(name=orang, quantiy=10, price=29.99)]}, watermelon={you=[Item(name=watermelon, quantiy=10, price=29.99)]}}

//8把收集器的结果转换为另一种类型
//列出所有的不同name的最大quantity的Item

Map<String, Item> converCollector = items.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Item::getName, Collectors.collectingAndThen(Collectors.maxBy(Comparator.comparingInt(Item::getQuantiy)), Optional::get)));
System.out.println(converCollector);

//{banana=Item(name=banana, quantiy=20, price=19.99), papaya=Item(name=papaya, quantiy=20, price=9.99), apple=Item(name=apple, quantiy=20, price=9.99), orang=Item(name=orang, quantiy=10, price=29.99), watermelon=Item(name=watermelon, quantiy=10, price=29.99)}

Collectors.toList()

将List中某一个"字段"单独保存在另一个List中

List<String> allFruits = items.stream().map(Item::getName).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(allFruits.toString());
//sout:[apple, apple, apple, papaya, banana, banana, orang, watermelon]

若需要List中数据不重复，添加distinct()

List<String> allFruits = items.stream().map(Item::getName).distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(allFruits.toString());//[apple, papaya, banana, orang, watermelon]

总结

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