Hive执行查询语句如何设置中文别名

传统的mysql设置别名方式：

--as后直接跟别名即可
select sal as 工资 from emp;

当我们在hive中使用这种方式时：

hive (zly01)> select sal as 工资 from emp;
NoViableAltException(139@[87:7: ( ( ( KW_AS )? identifier ) | ( KW_AS LPAREN identifier ( COMMA identifier )* RPAREN ) )?])
        at org.antlr.runtime.DFA.noViableAlt(DFA.java:158)
        at org.antlr.runtime.DFA.predict(DFA.java:116)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser_SelectClauseParser.selectItem(HiveParser_SelectClauseParser.java:1726)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser_SelectClauseParser.selectList(HiveParser_SelectClauseParser.java:1209)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser_SelectClauseParser.selectClause(HiveParser_SelectClauseParser.java:1004)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.selectClause(HiveParser.java:45140)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.atomSelectStatement(HiveParser.java:39777)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.selectStatement(HiveParser.java:40044)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.regularBody(HiveParser.java:39690)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.queryStatementExpressionBody(HiveParser.java:38900)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.queryStatementExpression(HiveParser.java:38788)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.execStatement(HiveParser.java:2396)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.statement(HiveParser.java:1420)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.ParseDriver.parse(ParseDriver.java:220)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.ParseUtils.parse(ParseUtils.java:74)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.ParseUtils.parse(ParseUtils.java:67)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.compile(Driver.java:616)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.compileInternal(Driver.java:1826)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.compileAndRespond(Driver.java:1773)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.compileAndRespond(Driver.java:1768)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.reexec.ReExecDriver.compileAndRespond(ReExecDriver.java:126)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.reexec.ReExecDriver.run(ReExecDriver.java:214)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLocalCmd(CliDriver.java:239)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processCmd(CliDriver.java:188)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLine(CliDriver.java:402)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.executeDriver(CliDriver.java:821)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:759)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:683)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:323)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:236)
FAILED: ParseException line 1:17 cannot recognize input near 'as' 'from' 'emp' in selection target

FAILED: ParseException line 1:17 cannot recognize input near 'as' 'from' 'emp' in selection target

出现这个错误，意思是Hive解析器无法识别

当我们使用以下方式进行别名设置时：

select name,sex as `男生` from emp_sex where sex='男';

 中文别名设置成功了

 ps：``是反引号，不是单引号。