第4章 选择结构程序设计

例4.1求解ax^2+bx+c=0的根
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main ()
{
double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,p,q;
scanf ("%lf%lf%lf",&a,&b,&c);
disc=bb-4ac;
if(disc<0)
printf (“This enquation hasn’t real root\n”);
else
{
p=-b/(2.0a);
q=sqrt (disc)/(2.0*a);
x1=p+q; x2=p-q;
printf(“real roots:\nx1=%7.2f\nx2=%7.2f\n”,x1,x2);
}
return 0;
}

例4.2 输出两个实数按由小到大的顺序输出来
#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
float a,b,t;
scanf ("%f,%f",&a,&b);
if (a>b)
{
//将a和b的值互换
t=a;
a=b;
b=t;
}
printf("%5.2f,%5.2f\n",a,b);
return 0;
}

例4.3输入三个数a,b,c按从小到大的顺序输出
#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
float a,b,c,t;
scanf ("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c);
if (a>b)
{
t=a;
a=b;
b=t;
}
if(a>c)
{
t=a;
a=c;
c=t;
}
if(b>c)
{t=b;
b=c;
c=t;
}
printf ("%5.2f,%5.2f,%5.2f\n",a,b,c);
return 0;
}

例4.4 输入一个字符，判别它是否为大写字母，如果是，将它转变成小写字母，如果不是，不转换。然后输出最后的字符
#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
char ch;
scanf("%c",&ch);
ch=(ch>=‘A’&&ch<=‘Z’)?(ch+32):ch;
printf ("%c\n",ch);
return 0;
}

例4.5 有一阶跃函数：当x<0的时候Y等于-1；当x等于0的时候Y等于0；当x>0的时候Y等于1；输入一个X输出相应的Y
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x,y;
scanf ("%d",&x);
if(x<0)
y=-1;
else
if (x0)y=0;
else y=1;
printf (“x=%d,y=%d\n”,x,y);
return 0;
}
例4.6要求按照考试的等级输出百分之分数段，A等为85分以上，B等为70~84分，C等为60-69分，D等为60分以下
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char grade;
scanf ("%c",&grade);
printf (“Your score:”);
switch (grade)
{
case’A’:printf (“85-100\n”);break;
case’B’:printf (“70-84\n”);break;
case’C:printf (“60-69\n”);break;
case’D’:printf ("<60\n");break;
default:printf(“enter data error!\n”);
}
return 0;例4.7
用switch语句处理菜单命令。例如输入一个‘A’或‘a’字符就会执行A操作。
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
void actionl(int,int),action 2(int,int);
char ch ;
int a=15,b=23;
ch=getchar();
switch(ch)
{
case ‘a’:
case’A’:actiona1 (a,b);break;
case’b’:
case’B’:actiona2(a,b);break;
default :putchar( ‘\a’);
}
return 0;
}

例4.8 #include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
int year,leap;
printf (“enter year:”);
scanf ("%d",&year);
if(year%4 0)
{
if(year%100== 0)
{
if(year%400==0)
leap=1;
else
leap=0;
}
else
leap=1;
}
else
leap=0;
if(leap)
printf ("%d is",year);
else
printf ("%d is not",year);
printf(“a leap year\n”);
return 0;
}
例4.9 求ax^2+bx+c=0的解
include <stdio.h>
include <math.h>
int main ()
{
double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,realpart,imagpart;
scanf ("%lf,%lf,%lf",&a,&b,&c);
printf (“The equation”);
if(fabs(a)<=1e-6)
printf (“is not a quadratic\n”);
else
{
disc=bb-4ac;
if(fabs(a)<=1e-6)
printf(“has two equal roots:%8.4f\n”,-b/(2a));
else
if(dise>1e-6)
{
x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2a);
x1=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2a);
printf (“has distinct real roots: %8.4fand%8.4f\n”,x1,x2);
}
else
{
realpart=-b/(2a);
imagpart=sqrt(-disc)/(2a);
printf (“has complex roots:\n”);
printf ("%8.4f+%8.4fi\n",realpart,imagpart);
printf ("%8.4f-%8.4fi\n",realpart,imagpart);
}
}
return 0;
}
例4.10运用公s<250 没有折扣
250=<s<500 2%折扣
500=<s<1000 5%折扣
1000=<s<2000 8%折扣
2000=<s<3000 10%折扣
3000=<s 15%折扣
include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
int c,s;
float p,w,d,f;
printf (“please enter price ,weight,discount:”);
scanf ("%f,%f,%d",&p,&w,&s);
if(s>=3000 )c=12;
else c=s/250;
switch©
{
case0: d=0;break;
case1: d=2;break;
case2: ;
case3: d=5;break;
case4: ;
case5: ;
case6: ;
case7: d=8;break;
case8: ;
case9: ;
case10: ;
case11: d=10;break;
case12: d=15;break;
}
f=pws*(1-d/100);
printf (“freight=%10.2f\n”,f);
return 0;
}