vsCode+cmake+mingw+ninja+qt6环境搭建(包含例子代码)及问题处理

原创已于 2025-12-02 15:27:53 修改 · 611 阅读

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于 2025-12-02 15:24:20 首次发布

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一. 内容简介

vsCode+cmake+ninja+qt6环境搭建(包含例子代码)及问题处理。
代码以及安装包链接：
通过网盘分享的文件：vsCode+cmake+mingw+ninja+qt6环境搭建(包含例子代码)及问题处理
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-_yMAsYfYmNzcCzHiOwb8Q?pwd=8888 提取码: 8888

二. 软件环境

2.1 vsCode

2.2 cmake

2.3 mingw

2.4 ninja

2.5 qt6

三.主要流程

3.1 软件安装

3.2 软件介绍

3.3 软件运行

3.4 问题处理

四.具体步骤

4.1 软件安装

CMake
就随便下载安装就可以了(网盘里面也有)，插件如下(日积月累装的，具体都是什么作用不清楚)：
在这里插入图片描述

Code Runner
Better C++ Syntax
C/C++
C/C++ Extension Pack
C/C++ Themes
Makefile Tools

cmake
用的是cmake-4.1.1-windows-x86_64.msi，直接安装网盘的安装包，

mingw，ninja，qt6
都是用qt安装的，qt安装的6.8，ninja只有一个，mingw和qt6.8匹配就行，直接安装网盘的安装包，

// cmd(管理员运行)，进入到对应的文件的，执行下面的，安装就行
qt-online-installer-windows-x64-online --mirror https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/qtproject
// 这个用于后面增加或者去掉组件
MaintenanceTool.exe --mirror https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/qt

4.2 软件介绍

软件结构基本就这样，

mingw_qt6/
├── CMakeLists.txt              # 根CMake配置
├── src/                        # 主程序源代码
│   ├── main.cpp
│   ├── MainWindow/
│   │   ├── MainWindow.cpp
│   │   ├── MainWindow.h
│   │   └── MainWindow.ui
│   ├── Widgets/               # 自定义控件
│   │   ├── CustomButton.cpp
│   │   └── CustomButton.h
│   └── Utils/                 # 工具类
│       ├── Logger.cpp
│       └── Logger.h
├── include/                    # 公共头文件（如果需要）
│   └── CommonDefines.h
├── ui/                         # 纯UI文件（可选，如果喜欢分离）
│   ├── SettingsDialog.ui
│   └── AboutDialog.ui
├── resources/                  # 资源文件
│   ├── images/
│   │   ├── app_icon.png
│   │   └── toolbar/
│   ├── styles/
│   │   └── main.qss
│   └── translations/
│       ├── zh_CN.ts
│       └── en_US.ts
├── tests/                      # 测试代码
│   ├── unit/
│   │   ├── TestMainWindow.cpp
│   │   └── CMakeLists.txt
│   └── integration/
├── third_party/                # 第三方库
│   └── CMakeLists.txt
├── docs/                       # 文档
│   ├── README.md
│   └── design/
├── scripts/                    # 实用脚本
│   ├── setup_env.sh
│   └── deploy.py
├── build/                      # 构建输出（不提交到git）
├── .vscode/                    # VSCode配置
│   ├── settings.json
│   ├── tasks.json
│   └── launch.json
└── .gitignore

4.3 软件运行

下载代码，使用vscode打开，里面的CMakePresets.json，tasks.json，launch.json，c_cpp_properties.json都是配置好的，需要按自己的的配置改一下。
在这里插入图片描述
CMakePresets.json

// CMakePresets.json
// 按着自己的位置给，CMAKE_C_COMPILER，CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER，CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM，Qt6_DIR位置都替换一下
{
  "version": 3,
  "configurePresets": [
    {
      "name": "debug_Ninja",
      "displayName": "Debug Build",
      "generator": "Ninja",
      "binaryDir": "${sourceDir}/build/debug",
      "cacheVariables": {
        "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "Debug",
        "CMAKE_C_COMPILER": "D:/Qt/Tools/mingw1310_64/bin/gcc.exe",
        "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER": "D:/Qt/Tools/mingw1310_64/bin/g++.exe",
        "CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM": "D:/Qt/Tools/Ninja/ninja.exe",
        "SHOW_CONSOLE":true,
        "Qt6_DIR": "D:/Qt/6.8.3/mingw_64/lib/cmake/Qt6"
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "release_Ninja",
      "displayName": "Release Build",
      "generator": "Ninja",
      "binaryDir": "${sourceDir}/build/release",
      "cacheVariables": {
        "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "Release",
        "CMAKE_C_COMPILER": "D:/Qt/Tools/mingw1310_64/bin/gcc.exe",
        "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER": "D:/Qt/Tools/mingw1310_64/bin/g++.exe",
        "CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM": "D:/Qt/Tools/Ninja/ninja.exe",
        "SHOW_CONSOLE":false,
        "Qt6_DIR": "D:/Qt/6.8.3/mingw_64/lib/cmake/Qt6"
      }
    }
  ]
}

task.json

// task.json 直接用就行，
{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "cmake-configure-debug",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                "--preset",
                "debug_Ninja"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "cmake-configure-release",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                "--preset",
                "release_Ninja"
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "ninja-build-debug",
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": false
            },
            "command": "ninja",
            "args": [
                "-C",
                "${workspaceFolder}/build/debug",
                "-j0"
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "ninja-build-release",
            "command": "ninja",
            "args": [
                "-C",
                "${workspaceFolder}/build/release",
                "-j0"
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "Build Debug",
            "dependsOrder": "sequence",
            "dependsOn": [
                "cmake-configure-debug",
                "ninja-build-debug"
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "Build Release",
            "dependsOrder": "sequence",
            "dependsOn": [
                "cmake-configure-release",
                "ninja-build-release"
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "Clean Debug",
            "command": "ninja",
            "args": [
                "-C",
                "${workspaceFolder}/build/debug",
                "clean"
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "Clean Release",
            "command": "ninja",
            "args": [
                "-C",
                "${workspaceFolder}/build/release",
                "clean"
            ]
        },
        // {
        //     "type": "cppbuild",
        //     "label": "C/C++: g++.exe 生成活动文件",
        //     "command": "D:/Qt5.12.11/Tools/mingw730_64/bin/g++.exe",
        //     "args": [
        //         "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
        //         "-g",
        //         "${file}",
        //         "-o",
        //         "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
        //     ],
        //     "options": {
        //         "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
        //     },
        //     "problemMatcher": [
        //         "$gcc"
        //     ],
        //     "group": {
        //         "kind": "build",
        //         "isDefault": false
        //     },
        //     "detail": "调试器生成的任务。"
        // },
        {
            "label": "Super Fast Debug Build & Run",
            "type": "shell",
            // "command": "cmake --preset debug_Ninja && ninja -C ${workspaceFolder}/build/debug -j0 && ${workspaceFolder}/build/debug/signbrain",
            "command": "ninja -C ${workspaceFolder}/build/debug -j4 && ${workspaceFolder}/build/debug/signbrain",
            "options": {
                "shell": {
                    "executable": "cmd.exe",
                    "args": ["/c"]
                }
            },
            "presentation": {
                "echo": true,
                "reveal": "always",
                "focus": false,
                "panel": "shared",
                "showReuseMessage": false,
                "clear": true
            },
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "problemMatcher": []
        },

    ]
}

launch.json

// launch.json，miDebuggerPath的值要替换一下，用来调试的
{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "g++ - 生成和调试活动文件",
      "type": "cppdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build/debug/SignBrain.exe",
      "args": [],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": false,
      "MIMode": "gdb",
      "setupCommands": [
        {
          "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
          "ignoreFailures": true
        }
      ],
      "preLaunchTask": "Build Debug",
      "miDebuggerPath": "D:/Qt/Tools/mingw1310_64/bin/gdb.exe"
    }
  ]
}

// c_cpp_properties.json，对应的值要替换一下，给ide防止显示错误的
// c_cpp_properties.json - 代码提示标准
// 只影响VS Code的IntelliSense（代码补全、错误提示、跳转定义）
// 告诉VS Code："请按照这些标准来显示代码提示"
// 如果配置错误，只会影响编辑体验，不影响实际编译
{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                // Qt5 核心路径
                "D:/Qt5.12.11/5.12.11/mingw73_64/include",
                "D:/Qt5.12.11/5.12.11/mingw73_64/include/QtCore",
                "D:/Qt5.12.11/5.12.11/mingw73_64/include/QtGui",
                "D:/Qt5.12.11/5.12.11/mingw73_64/include/QtWidgets",
                "D:/Qt5.12.11/5.12.11/mingw73_64/include/QtPrintSupport",
                // mkspecs 对 Q_OBJECT 宏解析有帮助
                "D:/Qt5.12.11/5.12.11/mingw73_64/mkspecs/win32-g++",
                // CMake 输出里 Qt5Core 包含目录
                "D:/Qt5.12.11/5.12.11/mingw73_64/include/;D:/Qt5.12.11/5.12.11/mingw73_64/include/QtCore"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "cStandard": "c17",
            "cppStandard": "gnu++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "windows-gcc-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

对应的文件调整完了以后，
先构建，构建进去CMakeLists.txt以后，ctrl+s，会自动构建，如果提示不知道怎么构建，ctrl+shift+p，选一下构建配置即可
在这里插入图片描述
编译是通过ctrl+shift+b，调用task.json的默认任务构建
f5是调试，ctrl+f5是调试但是不过断点，f5这一套通过launch.json，调用里面写的task来执行构建编译，然后调试的
不调试的话，ctrl+shift+b运行就行，还要使用windeployqt.exe signbrain.exe导入qt6的相关库即可，
在这里插入图片描述