一、基于对象的跨表查询(正向反向查询)
# 跨表查询有两种方式 -基于对象的跨表查询:子查询 -基于双下划线的跨表查询:关联查询,连表查询 # 基于对象的跨表查询 -查询主键为1的书籍的出版社所在的城市 # 基于对象的跨表查询(子查询) # 一对多 # 查询主键为1的书籍的出版社所在的城市 # book=models.Book.objects.get(id=1) # 第一次查询 # # book=models.Book.objects.filter(id=1).first() # publish=book.publish # 内部又执行了一次查询,根据publish_id查询publish # print(publish.addr) # 北京出版社出版的所有书籍 # publish=models.Publish.objects.get(name='北京出版社') # 第一次查询了出版社 # books=publish.book_set.all() # 表名小写_set # 第二次,根据出版社id,查询所有书 # print(books) # 正向查询:book表内有publish字段 直接对象.字段名 # 反向查询:publish表内没有book字段,出版社对象.Book小写_set.all() ### 一对一 # 查询所有住址在山东的作者的姓名 # 反向查询:author_detail没有author字段,author_detail.表名小写 # author_detail=models.AuthorDetail.objects.filter(addr__contains='山东').first() # # 反向 # print(author_detail.author.name) # 查询egon作者的地址 # 正向 # author=models.Author.objects.get(name='egon') # print(author.author_detail.addr) # 多对多关系查询 #金梅所有作者的名字以及手机号 # book=models.Book.objects.get(name='金梅') # # 正向 # authors=book.authors.all() # for author in authors: # print(author.name) # print(author.author_detail.phone) # 反向 查询egon出过的所有书籍的名字 # egon=models.Author.objects.get(name='egon') # books=egon.book_set.all() # for book in books: # print(book.name)
二、基于双下划线的跨表查询
# 连表查询 # 基于对象的跨表查询,先查对象,通过对象再去查另一个对象(正向:字段名,反向:表名小写/表名小写_set.all()) # 地址为山东的作者写的所有书 # author_detail=models.AuthorDetail.objects.get(addr='山东') # author=author_detail.author # books=author.book_set.all() # print(books[0].name) # (作业)地址为山东的作者写的所有书的出版社名字 ### 基于双下划线的跨表查之 一对多 # 正向:字段名 # 反向:表名小写 # filter,values,values_list(写 __ 跨表) # 练习: 查询北京出版社出版过的所有书籍的名字与价格(一对多) # SELECT `app01_book`.`name`, `app01_book`.`price` FROM `app01_publish` LEFT OUTER JOIN `app01_book` ON (`app01_publish`.`id` = `app01_book`.`publish_id`) WHERE `app01_publish`.`name` = '北京出版社' ; # res=models.Publish.objects.filter(name='北京出版社').values('book__name','book__price') # print(res) #SELECT `app01_book`.`name`, `app01_book`.`price` FROM `app01_book` INNER JOIN `app01_publish` ON (`app01_book`.`publish_id` = `app01_publish`.`id`) WHERE `app01_publish`.`name` = '北京出版社'; # res=models.Book.objects.filter(publish__name='北京出版社').values('name','price') # print(res) ## 多对多 # 练习: 查询egon出过的所有书籍的名字,价格(多对多) #反向 # res=models.Author.objects.filter(name='egon').values('book__name','book__price') # print(res) # 正向 # res=models.Book.objects.filter(authors__name='egon').values('name','price') # print(res) #查询egon的手机号 # res=models.Author.objects.filter(name='egon').values('author_detail__phone') # print(res) # res=models.AuthorDetail.objects.filter(author__name='egon').values('phone') # print(res)
三、进阶连续跨表查询
# 连续跨表 #查询北京出版社出版过的所有书籍的名字以及作者的姓名 # res=models.Publish.objects.filter(name='北京出版社').values('book__name','book__authors__name') # print(res) # res=models.Book.objects.filter(publish__name='北京出版社').values('name','authors__name') # print(res) # res=models.Author.objects.filter(book__publish__name='北京出版社').values('book__name','name') # print(res) # 手机号以189开头的作者出版过的所有 书籍名称 以及 出版社名称 # res=models.AuthorDetail.objects.filter(phone__startswith='189').values('author__book__name','author__book__publish__name') # print(res) # SELECT `app01_book`.`name`, `app01_publish`.`name` FROM `app01_author` INNER JOIN `app01_authordetail` ON (`app01_author`.`author_detail_id` = `app01_authordetail`.`id`) LEFT OUTER JOIN `app01_book_authors` ON (`app01_author`.`id` = `app01_book_authors`.`author_id`) LEFT OUTER JOIN `app01_book` ON (`app01_book_authors`.`book_id` = `app01_book`.`id`) LEFT OUTER JOIN `app01_publish` ON (`app01_book`.`publish_id` = `app01_publish`.`id`) WHERE `app01_authordetail`.`phone` LIKE '189%' ; res=models.Author.objects.filter(author_detail__phone__startswith='189').values('book__name','book__publish__name') print(res)