一、使用 CountDownLatch 模拟多线程并发(并行)
CountDownLatch 介绍:
- countDownLatch是在java1.5被引入,跟它一起被引入的工具类还有CyclicBarrier、Semaphore、concurrentHashMap和BlockingQueue。
- 存在于java.util.cucurrent包下。
作用:
- CountDownLatch典型用法:1、某一线程在开始运行前等待n个线程执行完毕。将CountDownLatch的计数器初始化为new CountDownLatch(n),每当一个任务线程执行完毕,就将计数器减1 countdownLatch.countDown(),当计数器的值变为0时,在CountDownLatch上await()的线程就会被唤醒。一个典型应用场景就是启动一个服务时,主线程需要等待多个组件加载完毕,之后再继续执行。
- CountDownLatch典型用法:2、实现多个线程开始执行任务的最大并行性。注意是并行性,不是并发,强调的是多个线程在某一时刻同时开始执行。类似于赛跑,将多个线程放到起点,等待发令枪响,然后同时开跑。做法是初始化一个共享的CountDownLatch(1),将其计算器初始化为1,多个线程在开始执行任务前首先countdownlatch.await(),当主线程调用countDown()时,计数器变为0,多个线程同时被唤醒
实现:典型用法2:
public class InitService {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(InitService.class);
public static final int THREAD_NUM = 200;
private static int mobile = 0;
// @Autowired
// private ConcurrencyService concurrencyService;
//
// @Autowired
// private CommonMqService commonMqService;
public static void generateMultiThread() {
log.info("开始初始化线程数----> ");
//TODO:计算器初始化为1
CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
try {
//TODO:使用线程池启动线程 并行量200
ThreadFactory namedThreadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder()
.build();
ExecutorService singleThreadPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(200, 200,
0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(1024), namedThreadFactory, new AbortPolicy());
//TODO:启动多个线程
for (int i = 0; i < THREAD_NUM; i++) {
singleThreadPool.execute(new RunThread(countDownLatch));
}
singleThreadPool.shutdown();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
//TODO:线程等待变量减少 释放所有线程 同时跑
countDownLatch.countDown();
}
}
private static class RunThread implements Runnable {
private final CountDownLatch startLatch;
public RunThread(CountDownLatch startLatch) {
this.startLatch = startLatch;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//TODO: 线程等待 等待剩余所有线程准备完毕 一起执行
startLatch.await();
mobile += 1;
System.out.println("手机号为"+mobile+"的线程"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"已执行");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//测试
public static void main(String[] args) {
generateMultiThread();
}
}
结果:
可以看到线程执行的顺序,并不是顺序执行,而且错乱执行,200个线程共同执行的结果。