2013-2021年各个省份常住人口的变化

数据来源：https://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=E0103

取下的数据：
百度网盘链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1JimyvpSi-LshMVhzx7x8Cg
提取码: nxax

代码参考：https://gallery.pyecharts.org/#/Map/china_gdp_from_1993_to_2018

完整代码：

from typing import List
import pandas as pd

import pyecharts.options as opts
from pyecharts.globals import ThemeType
from pyecharts.commons.utils import JsCode
from pyecharts.charts import Timeline, Grid, Bar, Map, Pie, Line


def get_year_chart(year: str):
    map_data = [
        [[x["name"], x["value"]] for x in d["data"]] for d in data if d["time"] == year
    ][0]

    #图例
    min_data, max_data = (minNum, maxNum)
    c_data_mark: List = []
    n_data_mark: List = []
    i = 0
    for x in time_list:
        if x == year:
            c_data_mark.append(c_total[i])
            n_data_mark.append(n_total[i])
        else:
            c_data_mark.append("")
            n_data_mark.append("")
        i = i + 1

    #地图
    map_chart = (
        Map()
        .add(
            series_name="",
            data_pair=map_data,
            #当前视角缩放比例
            zoom=1,
            center=[119.5, 34.5],
            #是否显示标记图形
            is_map_symbol_show=False,
            # 图元样式配置项
            itemstyle_opts={
                "normal": {"areaColor": "#fdeff2", "borderColor": "#bf242a"},
                "emphasis": {
                    "label": {"show": Timeline},
                    "areaColor": "rgba(255,255,255, 0.3)",
                },
            },
        )
        .set_global_opts(
            title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(
                title="" + str(year) + "全国各地常住人口分布情况（不含港澳台）",
                subtitle="数据来源：国家统计局",
                #主副标题间隔
                item_gap=10,
                pos_left="center",
                pos_top="top",
                title_textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(
                    font_size=25, color="rgba(255,255,255, 0.9)"
                ),
                subtitle_textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(
                    font_size=15, color="rgba(255,255,255, 0.9)"
                )
            ),
            # 提示框配置项
            tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(
                is_show=True,
                # 回调函数
                formatter=JsCode(
                    """function(params){
                    if ('value' in params.data) {
                        return params.data.value[2]+':'+params.data.value[0];
                    }
                }"""
                ),
            ),
            # 视觉配置项
            visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(
                # 是否显示拖拽用的手柄（手柄能拖拽调整选中范围）
                is_calculable=True,
                # 组件映射维度
                dimension=0,
                pos_left="30",
                pos_top="center",
                range_color=["lightskyblue", "yellow", "orangered","red"],
                textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(color="#ddd"),
                min_=min_data,
                max_=max_data,
            ),
        )
    )

    #城镇人口变化
    line_chart = (
        Line()
        .add_xaxis(time_list)
        .add_yaxis('', c_total,
                   linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(color='orange'))
        .add_yaxis("", n_total,
                   linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(color='green'))
        .add_yaxis(
            "",
            c_data_mark,
            markpoint_opts=opts.MarkPointOpts(data=[opts.MarkPointItem(type_="max")]),
        )
        .add_yaxis(
            "",
            n_data_mark,
            markpoint_opts=opts.MarkPointOpts(data=[opts.MarkPointItem(type_="max")]),
        )
        .set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False))
        .set_global_opts(
            title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(
                title="城镇和农村人口变化2013-2021年",
                subtitle="城镇：橘色，农村：绿色",
                # 主副标题间隔
                item_gap=10,
                pos_left="70%", pos_top="5%"
            ),
            legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(
                is_show=True,
                pos_left='75%',
                pos_bottom='88%'
            ),
            xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(
                is_show=True
            ),
            yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(
                name="人",
                min_=40000,
            ),
        )
    )

    #柱状图
    bar_x_data = [x[0] for x in map_data]
    bar_y_data = [{"name": x[0], "value": x[1][0]} for x in map_data]
    bar = (
        Bar()
        .add_xaxis(xaxis_data=bar_x_data)
        .add_yaxis(
            series_name="",
            y_axis=bar_y_data,
            label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(
                is_show=True, position="right", formatter="{b} : {c}"
            ),
        )
        .reversal_axis()
        .set_global_opts(
            xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(
                max_=maxNum, axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False)
            ),
            yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False)),
            tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(is_show=False),
            visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(
                is_calculable=True,
                dimension=0,
                pos_left="30",
                pos_top="25",
                range_text=["High", "Low"],
                range_color=["lightskyblue", "yellow", "orangered","red"],
                textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(color="#ddd"),
                min_=min_data,
                max_=max_data,
            ),
        )
    )

    #饼图
    pie_data = [[x[0], x[1][0]] for x in map_data]
    pie = (
        Pie()
        .add(
            series_name="",
            data_pair=pie_data,
            radius=["15%", "35%"],
            center=["80%", "82%"],
            itemstyle_opts=opts.ItemStyleOpts(
                border_width=1, border_color="rgba(0,0,0,0.3)"
            ),
        )
        .set_global_opts(
            tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(is_show=True, formatter="{b} {d}%"),
            legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(is_show=False),
        )
    )

    #将所有图表放在一起
    grid_chart = (
        Grid()
        .add(
            bar,
            grid_opts=opts.GridOpts(
                pos_left="10", pos_right="45%", pos_top="50%", pos_bottom="5"
            ),
        )
        .add(
            line_chart,
            grid_opts=opts.GridOpts(
                pos_left="65%", pos_right="80", pos_top="10%", pos_bottom="50%"
            ),
        )
        .add(pie, grid_opts=opts.GridOpts(pos_left="45%", pos_top="60%"))
        .add(map_chart, grid_opts=opts.GridOpts())
    )

    return grid_chart


if __name__ == "__main__":
    #读入数据
    data1 = pd.read_excel(r"人口.xlsx", sheet_name='年末常住人口')
    c_data = pd.read_excel(r"人口.xlsx", sheet_name='城镇人口', usecols=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9])
    n_data = pd.read_excel(r"人口.xlsx", sheet_name='农村人口', usecols=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9])

    #统计每一年的城镇人口和农村人口总数，用来画折线图
    c_total = c_data.sum().to_list()
    n_total = n_data.sum().to_list()

    #计算每个城市人口占总人口的百分比
    zb_list = [str(d) + "年占比" for d in range(2013, 2022)]
    time_list = [str(d) + "年" for d in range(2013, 2022)]
    for i in time_list:
        for j in zb_list:
            data1[j] = (data1[i] / data1[i].sum()) * 100


    # 集合数据
    data = []
    #取出省份名称
    cs_lt = data1['地区'].values.tolist()
    #计算一共有多少的省份
    cs_len = len(cs_lt)
    '''利用for循环将数据集成如下的形式，方便后序制图
    [
      {"time"："年份"，
       "data"：[{"name": "省份", "value": [人口数量, 占比, "省份"]}，
                {"name": "省份", "value": [人口数量, 占比, "省份"]}，······
               ]
       },
       {"time":"年份",
        "data":[{"name": "省份", "value": [人口数量, 占比, "省份"]}，······
               ]},······
       ]
    '''
    for k1 in range(9):
        #取出同一年不同省份的数据
        lt1 = data1[[time_list[k1], zb_list[k1], '地区']].values.tolist()
        dt_list = []
        #将不同省份组合为字典的形式
        for k2 in range(cs_len):
            dt13 = {'name': cs_lt[k2], 'value': lt1[k2]}
            dt_list.append(dt13)
        #将年份和每一年的数据组合为字典的形式
        dt = {"time": time_list[k1], "data": dt_list}
        #添加到data列表里，即全部集成在一起
        data.append(dt)

    # 渲染颜色组件的最大最小值
    maxNum = 20000
    minNum = 0

    #画图
    timeline = Timeline(
        init_opts=opts.InitOpts(width="1600px", height="900px", page_title='2013-2021年的人口变化（不含港澳台地区）',theme=ThemeType.DARK)
    )
    for y in time_list:
        g = get_year_chart(year=y)
        timeline.add(g, time_point=str(y))
    #时间轴
    timeline.add_schema(
        orient="vertical",
        is_auto_play=True,
        is_inverse=True,
        play_interval=5000,
        pos_left="null",
        pos_right="5",
        pos_top="20",
        pos_bottom="20",
        width="60",
        label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=True, color="#fff"),
    )

    timeline.render("2013-2021年的人口变化（不含港澳台地区）.html")