拦截器
拦截器与过滤器的区别
拦截器是AOP思想的具体应用
过滤器
- servlet规范中的一部分,任何java webI程都可以使用
- 在url-pattern中配置了/*之后,可以对所有要访问的资源进行拦截
拦截器
- 拦截器是Spring MVC框架自己的,只有使用了SpringMVC框架的工程才能使用
- 拦截器只会拦截访问的控制器方法, 如果访问的是jsp/html/css/image/js是不会进行拦截的
自定义拦截器
必须实现HandlerInterceptor接口
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新建Moudel
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配置web.xml和applicationContext.xml
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 自动扫描包,让指定包下的注解生效,由IOC容器统一管理--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.lzj.controller"/> <!-- 让SpringMVC不处理静态资源--> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!-- 自动完成BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping和SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter实例的注入--> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!--解决json 乱码配置--> <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true"> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"> <property name="objectMapper"> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean"> <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/> </bean> </property> </bean> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> <!-- 视图解析器--> <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- 前缀--> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <!-- 后缀--> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans>
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编写控制器类
@RestController public class TestController { @RequestMapping("/t1") public String test(){ System.out.println("TestController=>启动了"); return "ok"; } }
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编写拦截器类
public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { //return true:先执行下一个拦截器,放行 //return false:不执行下一个拦截器 @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { System.out.println("====处理前====="); return true; } //下面这两个方法可以来写拦截日志 @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { System.out.println("====处理后====="); } @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { System.out.println("====清理====="); } }
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在springmvc的配置文件中配置拦截器
<!-- 拦截器配置--> <mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor> <!-- 包括这个请求下面的所有的请求--> <mvc:mapping path="/**"/> <bean class="com.lzj.config.MyInterceptor"/> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors>
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测试
登录判断验证【实战】
需求:判断用户是否登录,若登录了则可以进入首页(main.jsp),否则只能进入登陆页面
实现:用户登陆后增加session,通过拦截器判断是否有session来拦截
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配置web.xml和applicationContext.xml
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编写控制器类
@Controller @RequestMapping("/user") public class LoginController { @RequestMapping("/login") public String login(HttpSession session,String username, String password,Model model){ //把用户的信息存在session中 session.setAttribute("username",username); model.addAttribute("username",username); return "main"; } @RequestMapping("/goLogin") public String login(){ return "login"; } @RequestMapping("/main") public String main(){ return "main"; } @RequestMapping("/goOut") public String login(HttpSession session){ //把用户的信息存在session中 session.removeAttribute("username"); return "redirect:/index.jsp"; } }
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编写拦截器类
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { HttpSession session = request.getSession(); //放行:判断什么条件下登录 //登录页面也放行 //如果访问页面的url中包含login则放行 if(request.getRequestURI().contains("login")){ return true; }else if(session.getAttribute("username")!=null){ return true; } //判断什么条件下没有登录 request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request,response); return false; } }
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在springmvc的配置文件中配置拦截器
<!-- 拦截器配置--> <mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor> <!-- 包括这个请求下面的所有的请求--> <mvc:mapping path="/user/**"/> <bean class="com.lzj.config.LoginInterceptor"/> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors>
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编写jsp文件,在WEB-INF文件夹下创建jsp文件夹
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>$Title$</title> </head> <body> <h1><a href="/user/goLogin">登录页面</a></h1> <h1><a href="/user/main">首页</a></h1> </body> </html>
main.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>首页</h1> <span>${username}</span> <p> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/goOut">注销</a> </p> </body> </html>
login.jsp
<%-- Created by IntelliJ IDEA. User: 86158 Date: 2022/2/24 Time: 22:52 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. --%> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>登录页面</title> </head> <body> <%--在WEB-INF下的所有页面或者资源,只能通过controller,或者servlet进行访问--%> <h1>登陆页面</h1> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/login" method="post"> 用户名:<input type="text" name="username"> 密码: <input type="text" name="password"> <input type="submit" value="提交"> </form> </body> </html>
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项目结构
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测试