3.1 BGP基础实验
基于环回口状态稳定,可以借助于对等体之间的路由冗余保证对等体关系的可靠性,物理接口故障会导致BGP会话中断等因素,采用环回口地址建立BGP对等体。
3.1.1 拓扑
3.1.2 配置步骤
①配置接口地址
R1:
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.2.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
R2:
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.2.1.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.1.2.2 255.255.255.255
#
R3:
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.2.3.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.1.3.3 255.255.255.255
#
R4:
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.2.3.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.2.4.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.1.4.4 255.255.255.255
#
R5:
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.2.4.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.1.5.5 255.255.255.255
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 10.0.5.5 255.255.255.0
#
②配置AS 64512的ospf
R2:
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.2.2
area 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.2.2 0.0.0.0
network 10.2.2.1 0.0.0.0
#
R3:
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.3.3
area 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.3.3 0.0.0.0
network 10.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
network 10.2.3.1 0.0.0.0
#
R4:
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.4.4
area 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.4.4 0.0.0.0
network 10.2.3.2 0.0.0.0
#
③配置IBGP对等体
在R2、R3、R4之间用loopback0接口建立全互联的IBGP对等体关系。
R2:
#
bgp 64512
router-id 10.1.2.2
peer 10.1.3.3 as-number 64512
peer 10.1.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 10.1.4.4 as-number 64512
peer 10.1.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
R3:
#
bgp 64512
router-id 10.1.3.3
peer 10.1.2.2 as-number 64512
peer 10.1.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 10.1.4.4 as-number 64512
peer 10.1.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
R4:
#
bgp 64512
router-id 10.1.4.4
peer 10.1.2.2 as-number 64512
peer 10.1.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 10.1.3.3 as-number 64512
peer 10.1.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
④配置EBGP对等体
在R1与R2、R4与R5之间之间用loopback0接口建立EBGP对等体关系,同时配置静态路由使R1与R2、R4与R5的loopback0之间路由可达。
R1:
#
bgp 64513
router-id 10.1.1.1
peer 10.1.2.2 as-number 64512
peer 10.1.2.2 ebgp-max-hop 2
peer 10.1.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
ip route-static 10.1.2.2 255.255.255.255 10.2.1.2
#
R2:
#
bgp 64512
peer 10.1.1.1 as-number 64513
peer 10.1.1.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
peer 10.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
ip route-static 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 10.2.1.1
#
R4:
#
bgp 64512
peer 10.1.5.5 as-number 64514
peer 10.1.5.5 ebgp-max-hop 2
peer 10.1.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
ip route-static 10.1.5.5 255.255.255.255 10.2.4.2
#
R5:
#
bgp 64514
router-id 10.1.5.5
peer 10.1.4.4 as-number 64512
peer 10.1.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
peer 10.1.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0
#
ip route-static 10.1.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.2.4.1
#
⑤在BGP中发布路由
在R1、R5上将loopback1接口路由发布到BGP
R1:
#
bgp 64513
network 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0
#
R5:
#
bgp 64514
network 10.0.5.0 255.255.255.0
#
此时R3学习到的路由非有效路由,因为下一条在R3上都不可达,可在R2、R4上通过next-hop-local修改下一跳
R2:
#
bgp 64512
peer 10.1.3.3 next-hop-local
peer 10.1.4.4 next-hop-local
#
R4:
#
bgp 64512
peer 10.1.2.2 next-hop-local
peer 10.1.3.3 next-hop-local
#