基于鸿蒙跨端U同步的多窗口模式交互测试系统设计与实现技术架构设计

基于鸿蒙跨端U同步的多窗口模式交互测试系统设计与实现

技术架构设计

本方案利用鸿蒙分布式能力构建多窗口交互测试平台，实现跨设备窗口状态同步与焦点测试，主要包含以下模块：

https://example.com/multi-window-test-arch.png
图1：多窗口测试系统架构（包含窗口控制、事件注入和分布式同步模块）

核心代码实现

1. 窗口状态管理服务 (ArkTS)

// 窗口状态管理器
class WindowStateManager {
  private static instance: WindowStateManager;
  private windowStack: WindowInfo[] = [];
  private subscribers: WindowStateSubscriber[] = [];
  
  // 单例模式
  static getInstance(): WindowStateManager {
    if (!WindowStateManager.instance) {
      WindowStateManager.instance = new WindowStateManager();
    }
    return WindowStateManager.instance;
  }
  
  // 更新窗口栈
  updateWindowStack(newStack: WindowInfo[]) {
    this.windowStack = newStack;
    this.notifySubscribers();
    this.syncWindowState();
  }
  
  // 获取当前焦点窗口
  getFocusedWindow(): WindowInfo | null {
    return this.windowStack.find(w => w.isFocused) || null;
  }
  
  // 模拟窗口切换
  simulateWindowSwitch(targetId: string) {
    const newStack = this.windowStack.map(w => ({
      ...w,
      isFocused: w.id === targetId
    }));
    
    this.updateWindowStack(newStack);
    this.injectFocusEvent(targetId);
  }
  
  // 同步窗口状态到其他设备
  private async syncWindowState() {
    try {
      await DistributedWindowSync.sendState({
        type: 'window_update',
        windows: this.windowStack,
        timestamp: Date.now(),
        deviceId: device.deviceInfo.deviceId
      });
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('窗口状态同步失败:', error);
    }
  }
  
  // 注册状态监听
  subscribe(callback: WindowStateSubscriber) {
    this.subscribers.push(callback);
  }
  
  // 通知订阅者
  private notifySubscribers() {
    const focused = this.getFocusedWindow();
    this.subscribers.forEach(sub => {
      sub.onWindowStackChange(this.windowStack);
      if (focused) sub.onFocusChange(focused);
    });
  }
}

// 窗口信息接口
interface WindowInfo {
  id: string;
  appName: string;
  isFocused: boolean;
  zOrder: number;
  bounds: Rectangle;
  mode: WindowMode;
}

// 窗口模式类型
type WindowMode = 'fullscreen' | 'split_primary' | 'split_secondary' | 'floating';

2. 分布式窗口同步 (Java)

// 分布式窗口同步服务
public class DistributedWindowSync {
    private static final String SYNC_CHANNEL = "window_sync_channel";
    private static DistributedWindowSync instance;
    private final DeviceManager deviceManager;
    
    private DistributedWindowSync(Context context) {
        this.deviceManager = DeviceManager.getInstance(context);
        setupSyncChannel();
    }
    
    public static synchronized DistributedWindowSync getInstance(Context context) {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new DistributedWindowSync(context);
        }
        return instance;
    }
    
    private void setupSyncChannel() {
        // 注册消息处理器
        deviceManager.registerMessageHandler(SYNC_CHANNEL, this::handleSyncMessage);
    }
    
    // 处理同步消息
    private void handleSyncMessage(Device sender, byte[] data) {
        WindowSyncMessage message = WindowSyncMessage.fromBytes(data);
        
        switch (message.getType()) {
            case "window_update":
                processWindowUpdate(message);
                break;
            case "focus_event":
                processFocusEvent(message);
                break;
        }
    }
    
    // 发送窗口状态
    public static void sendState(WindowStateMessage message) throws SyncException {
        byte[] data = message.toBytes();
        List<Device> testDevices = getTestDevices();
        
        for (Device device : testDevices) {
            instance.deviceManager.send(device, SYNC_CHANNEL, data);
        }
    }
    
    // 发送焦点事件
    public static void sendFocusEvent(FocusEventMessage message) throws SyncException {
        byte[] data = message.toBytes();
        List<Device> observers = getObserverDevices();
        
        for (Device device : observers) {
            instance.deviceManager.send(device, SYNC_CHANNEL, data);
        }
    }
    
    // 窗口同步消息基类
    public abstract static class WindowSyncMessage implements Serializable {
        protected String type;
        protected String deviceId;
        protected long timestamp;
        
        public byte[] toBytes() {
            ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            try (ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos)) {
                oos.writeObject(this);
                return bos.toByteArray();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                return new byte[0];
            }
        }
        
        public static WindowSyncMessage fromBytes(byte[] data) {
            try (ObjectInputStream ois = 
                 new ObjectInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(data))) {
                return (WindowSyncMessage) ois.readObject();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }
}

3. 测试控制面板 (ArkTS)

// 测试控制面板组件
@Component
struct TestControlPanel {
  @State windowStates: WindowInfo[] = [];
  @State connectedDevices: Device[] = [];
  @State testCases: TestCase[] = [];
  
  aboutToAppear() {
    this.loadTestCases();
    WindowStateManager.getInstance().subscribe({
      onWindowStackChange: (windows) => {
        this.windowStates = windows;
      },
      onFocusChange: (focused) => {
        this.logEvent(`焦点切换到: ${focused.appName}`);
      }
    });
  }
  
  build() {
    Column() {
      // 设备连接状态
      DeviceStatus({ devices: this.connectedDevices })
      
      // 窗口状态可视化
      WindowStackView({ windows: this.windowStates })
      
      // 测试用例列表
      TestCaseList({
        cases: this.testCases,
        onRun: this.runTestCase
      })
      
      // 手动控制区域
      ManualControl({
        onSwitch: this.manualSwitch,
        onReset: this.resetTest
      })
    }
  }
  
  // 运行测试用例
  private runTestCase = (testCase: TestCase) => {
    this.logEvent(`开始测试: ${testCase.name}`);
    testCase.steps.forEach(step => {
      setTimeout(() => {
        WindowStateManager.getInstance().simulateWindowSwitch(step.targetWindow);
      }, step.delay);
    });
  };
  
  // 记录测试事件
  private logEvent(message: string) {
    console.log(`[TestLog] ${new Date().toISOString()}: ${message}`);
  }
}

// 窗口栈可视化组件
@Component
struct WindowStackView {
  @Prop windows: WindowInfo[]
  
  build() {
    Stack() {
      ForEach(this.windows, (window) => {
        Column() {
          Text(window.appName)
            .fontSize(14)
          Rectangle()
            .width(window.bounds.width)
            .height(window.bounds.height)
            .borderWidth(2)
            .borderColor(window.isFocused ? '#FF5722' : '#9E9E9E')
        }
        .position({ x: window.bounds.x, y: window.bounds.y })
        .zIndex(window.zOrder)
      })
    }
    .width('100%')
    .height('40%')
    .backgroundColor('#F5F5F5')
  }
}

4. 测试用例管理 (ArkTS)

// 测试用例管理器
class TestCaseManager {
  private static instance: TestCaseManager;
  private testCases: TestCase[] = [];
  
  static getInstance(): TestCaseManager {
    if (!TestCaseManager.instance) {
      TestCaseManager.instance = new TestCaseManager();
    }
    return TestCaseManager.instance;
  }
  
  // 加载标准测试用例
  loadStandardCases() {
    this.testCases = [
      {
        id: 'focus_switch_1',
        name: '基础焦点切换测试',
        steps: [
          { targetWindow: 'windowA', delay: 1000 },
          { targetWindow: 'windowB', delay: 2000 }
        ]
      },
      {
        id: 'split_screen_1',
        name: '分屏模式焦点测试',
        steps: [
          { targetWindow: 'primary', delay: 1000 },
          { targetWindow: 'secondary', delay: 2000 },
          { targetWindow: 'primary', delay: 3000 }
        ]
      }
    ];
  }
  
  // 添加自定义测试用例
  addCustomCase(testCase: TestCase) {
    this.testCases.push(testCase);
    this.syncTestCases();
  }
  
  // 同步用例到其他设备
  private async syncTestCases() {
    try {
      await DistributedWindowSync.sendTestCases({
        type: 'testcase_update',
        cases: this.testCases,
        timestamp: Date.now()
      });
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('测试用例同步失败:', error);
    }
  }
}

// 测试用例接口
interface TestCase {
  id: string;
  name: string;
  steps: TestStep[];
}

// 测试步骤接口
interface TestStep {
  targetWindow: string;
  delay: number;
}

关键技术实现

1. 窗口焦点测试流程

1. ​​测试初始化​​：

   // 设置初始窗口状态
   WindowStateManager.getInstance().updateWindowStack([
     { id: 'windowA', appName: 'App A', isFocused: true, zOrder: 1 },
     { id: 'windowB', appName: 'App B', isFocused: false, zOrder: 2 }
   ]);

2. ​​执行焦点切换​​：

   // 模拟焦点切换事件
   FocusEventMessage message = new FocusEventMessage();
   message.setTargetWindow("windowB");
   DistributedWindowSync.sendFocusEvent(message);

3. ​​验证焦点状态​​：

   // 验证焦点是否正确切换
   const focused = WindowStateManager.getInstance().getFocusedWindow();
   assert(focused.id === 'windowB');

2. 分布式测试协调

// 测试协调器
class TestCoordinator {
  static async coordinateMultiDeviceTest(testCase: TestCase) {
    // 在所有测试设备上同步初始状态
    await DistributedWindowSync.broadcastInitialState(initialState);
    
    // 分派测试步骤
    testCase.steps.forEach(step => {
      setTimeout(async () => {
        await this.dispatchTestStep(step);
      }, step.delay);
    });
  }
  
  private static async dispatchTestStep(step: TestStep) {
    // 在主控设备执行操作
    WindowStateManager.getInstance().simulateWindowSwitch(step.targetWindow);
    
    // 同步到其他设备
    await DistributedWindowSync.sendFocusEvent({
      type: 'focus_event',
      targetWindow: step.targetWindow,
      timestamp: Date.now()
    });
  }
}

3. 窗口栈验证算法

// 窗口栈验证器
class WindowStackValidator {
  // 验证窗口栈是否符合预期
  static validateWindowStack(actual: WindowInfo[], expected: WindowInfo[]): ValidationResult {
    const errors: string[] = [];
    
    // 检查焦点窗口
    const actualFocus = actual.find(w => w.isFocused)?.id;
    const expectedFocus = expected.find(w => w.isFocused)?.id;
    
    if (actualFocus !== expectedFocus) {
      errors.push(`焦点窗口不符: 预期=${expectedFocus}, 实际=${actualFocus}`);
    }
    
    // 检查Z序
    const actualOrder = actual.map(w => w.id).join(',');
    const expectedOrder = expected.map(w => w.id).join(',');
    
    if (actualOrder !== expectedOrder) {
      errors.push(`窗口顺序不符: 预期=${expectedOrder}, 实际=${actualOrder}`);
    }
    
    return {
      isValid: errors.length === 0,
      errors
    };
  }
}

应用场景示例

1. 分屏模式焦点测试

// 分屏模式焦点切换测试
function runSplitScreenTest() {
  const testCase: TestCase = {
    id: 'split_screen_focus',
    name: '分屏模式焦点切换测试',
    steps: [
      { targetWindow: 'left', delay: 1000 },
      { targetWindow: 'right', delay: 2000 },
      { targetWindow: 'left', delay: 3000 }
    ]
  };
  
  TestCoordinator.coordinateMultiDeviceTest(testCase);
}

2. 多设备窗口栈同步验证

// 验证多设备窗口状态一致性
public void verifyMultiDeviceWindowSync() {
    // 获取主控设备窗口状态
    WindowInfo[] masterState = getMasterWindowState();
    
    // 获取其他设备状态并验证
    for (Device device : getSlaveDevices()) {
        WindowInfo[] slaveState = getWindowState(device);
        ValidationResult result = WindowStackValidator.validate(masterState, slaveState);
        
        assertTrue(result.isValid(), 
            "设备 " + device.getId() + " 窗口状态不同步: " + String.join(",", result.errors));
    }
}

总结与展望

本方案基于鸿蒙跨端U同步技术实现了以下创新功能：

1. ​​多设备协同测试​​：跨设备同步窗口状态和焦点事件
2. ​​实时可视化​​：直观展示窗口栈和焦点变化
3. ​​自动化验证​​：预置测试用例自动执行验证
4. ​​智能分析​​：窗口栈一致性自动检测

​​技术优势​​：

• 毫秒级窗口状态同步
• 支持复杂多窗口场景测试
• 与鸿蒙窗口管理器深度集成
• 分布式测试结果聚合分析

​​优化方向​​：

1. 增加AI驱动的异常模式识别
2. 支持更多窗口模式(画中画、自由窗口)
3. 增强测试覆盖率统计
4. 提供性能指标监控

注意事项：
1. 测试隔离：确保测试不影响实际用户环境
2. 性能影响：控制测试过程资源占用
3. 设备兼容：适配不同屏幕尺寸设备
4. 结果可靠：处理网络波动导致的状态不一致