蓝牙通讯简介
蓝牙技术是一种无线数据和语音通信开放的全球规范,它是基于低成本的近距离无线连接,为固定和移动设备建立通信环境的一种特殊的近距离无线技术连接。
蓝牙通讯步骤
1.首先开启蓝牙
2.搜索可用设备
3.创建蓝牙socket,获取输入输出流
4.读取和写入数据
5.断开连接关闭蓝牙
实现功能代码
1.页面设计
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/title_paired_devices"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#666"
android:text="@string/title_paired_devices"
android:textColor="#fff"
android:visibility="visible" />
<ListView android:id="@+id/paired_devices"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/title_new_devices"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#666"
android:text="@string/title_other_devices"
android:textColor="#fff"
android:visibility="visible" />
<ListView android:id="@+id/new_devices"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="2" />
<Button android:id="@+id/button_scan"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/button_scan" />
</LinearLayout>
2.申请蓝牙权限
<manifest >
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
</manifest>
3.服务器连接
private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket;
public AcceptThread() {
// Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmServerSocket
// because mmServerSocket is final.
BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;
try {
// MY_UUID is the app's UUID string, also used by the client code.
tmp = bluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Socket's listen() method failed", e);
}
mmServerSocket = tmp;
}
public void run() {
BluetoothSocket socket = null;
// Keep listening until exception occurs or a socket is returned.
while (true) {
try {
socket = mmServerSocket.accept();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Socket's accept() method failed", e);
break;
}
if (socket != null) {
// A connection was accepted. Perform work associated with
// the connection in a separate thread.
manageMyConnectedSocket(socket);
mmServerSocket.close();在这里插入代码片
break;
}
}
}
// Closes the connect socket and causes the thread to finish.
public void cancel() {
try {
mmServerSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Could not close the connect socket", e);
}
}
}
4.客户端连接
private class ConnectThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice;
public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {
// Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmSocket
// because mmSocket is final.
BluetoothSocket tmp = null;
mmDevice = device;
try {
// Get a BluetoothSocket to connect with the given BluetoothDevice.
// MY_UUID is the app's UUID string, also used in the server code.
tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Socket's create() method failed", e);
}
mmSocket = tmp;
}
public void run() {
// Cancel discovery because it otherwise slows down the connection.
bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
try {
// Connect to the remote device through the socket. This call blocks
// until it succeeds or throws an exception.
mmSocket.connect();
} catch (IOException connectException) {
// Unable to connect; close the socket and return.
try {
mmSocket.close();
} catch (IOException closeException) {
Log.e(TAG, "Could not close the client socket", closeException);
}
return;
}
// The connection attempt succeeded. Perform work associated with
// the connection in a separate thread.
manageMyConnectedSocket(mmSocket);
}
// Closes the client socket and causes the thread to finish.
public void cancel() {
try {
mmSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Could not close the client socket", e);
}
}
}
5.共同处理通讯处理类代码
package com.example.blue.connect;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
public class ConnectedThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
private final InputStream mmInStream;
private final OutputStream mmOutStream;
private final Handler mHandler;
public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket, Handler handler) {
mmSocket = socket;
InputStream tmpIn = null;
OutputStream tmpOut = null;
mHandler = handler;
try {
tmpIn = socket.getInputStream();
tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream();
} catch (IOException e) { }
mmInStream = tmpIn;
mmOutStream = tmpOut;
}
public void run() {
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int bytes;
//一直读数据
while (true) {
try {
bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer);
if( bytes >0) {
Message message = mHandler.obtainMessage(Constant.MSG_GOT_DATA, new String(buffer, 0, bytes, "utf-8"));
mHandler.sendMessage(message);
}
Log.d("GOTMSG", "message size" + bytes);
} catch (IOException e) {
mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(Constant.MSG_ERROR, e));
break;
}
}
}
//发送数据
public void write(byte[] bytes) {
try {
mmOutStream.write(bytes);
} catch (IOException e) { }
}
public void cancel() {
try {
mmSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) { }
}
}
6.Constant常量类
public class Constant {
public static final String CONNECTTION_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";
/**
* 开始监听
*/
public static final int MSG_START_LISTENING = 1;
/**
* 结束监听
*/
public static final int MSG_FINISH_LISTENING = 2;
/**
* 有客户端连接
*/
public static final int MSG_GOT_A_CLINET = 3;
/**
* 连接到服务器
*/
public static final int MSG_CONNECTED_TO_SERVER = 4;
/**
* 获取到数据
*/
public static final int MSG_GOT_DATA = 5;
/**
* 出错
*/
public static final int MSG_ERROR = -1;
}
7.蓝牙设备adaptor
public class DeviceAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private Context mContext;
private List<BluetoothDevice> mDate;
public DeviceAdapter(List<BluetoothDevice> Date, Context context){
mDate = Date;
mContext = context;
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return mDate.size();
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return mDate.get(position);
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
if(convertView==null){
viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.deviceadapter_layout,null);
viewHolder.textView1 = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview1);
viewHolder.textView2 = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview2);
convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
}else{
viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
}
//获取蓝牙设备
BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = (BluetoothDevice) getItem(position);
viewHolder.textView1.setText("Name="+bluetoothDevice.getName());
viewHolder.textView2.setText("Address"+bluetoothDevice.getAddress());
return convertView;
}
public class ViewHolder{
public TextView textView1;
public TextView textView2;
}
public void refresh(List<BluetoothDevice> data){
mDate = data;
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}