Java多线程篇

线程通信的应用：经典例题：生产者/消费者问题

package com.atguigu.exer.java2;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.ir.WhileNode;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.objects.annotations.Where;

class Clerk{
    private int productCount = 0;
    public synchronized void produceProduct() {
        if (productCount < 20){
            productCount++;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":开始生产第" + productCount + "产品");

            notify();

        }else {
            try {
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public synchronized void consumeProduct() {
        if (productCount > 0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":开始消费第" + productCount + "产品");
            productCount--;

            notify();

        }else {
            try {
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

class Producer extends Thread{
    private Clerk clerk;

    public Producer(Clerk clerk) {
        this.clerk = clerk;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(getName() + ":开始生产产品......");

        while (true){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(10);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            clerk.produceProduct();
        }
    }
}

class Consumer extends Thread{
    private Clerk clerk;

    public Consumer(Clerk clerk) {
        this.clerk = clerk;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(getName() + ":开始消费产品......");

        while (true){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(10);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            clerk.consumeProduct();
        }
    }
}

public class ProductTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Clerk clerk = new Clerk();

        Producer p1 = new Producer(clerk);
        p1.setName("生产者1");

        Consumer c1 = new Consumer(clerk);
        c1.setName("消费者1");

        p1.start();
        c1.start();
    }

}

创建线程的方式三：实现Callable接口。 - - - JDK 5.0新增

package com.atguigu.exer.java2;

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;

class NumThread implements Callable{
    @Override
    public Object call() throws Exception {
        int sum =0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++){
            if (i % 2 == 0){
                System.out.println(i);
                sum += i;
            }
        }
        return sum;
    }
}

public class ThreadNew {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        NumThread numThread = new NumThread();

        FutureTask futureTask = new FutureTask(numThread);

        new Thread(futureTask).start();

        try {
            Object sum = futureTask.get();
            System.out.println("总和为：" + sum);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 如何理解实现Callable接口的方式创建多线程比实现Runnable接口创建多线程方式强大？

1.call()可以有返回值的。

2.call()可以抛出异常，被外面的操作捕获，获取异常的信息

3.Callable是支持泛型的

创建线程的方式四：使用线程池

package com.atguigu.exer.java2;

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

class NumberThread implements Runnable{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0;i <= 100;i++){
            if (i % 2 == 0){
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + i);
            }
        }
    }
}

class NumberThread1 implements Runnable{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0;i <= 100;i++){
            if (i % 2 != 0){
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + i);
            }
        }
    }
}


public class ThreadPool {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);

        service.execute(new NumberThread());
        service.execute(new NumberThread1());
//        service.submit();

        service.shutdown();
    }
}

好处：

1.提高响应速度（减少了创建新线程的时间）

2.降低资源消耗（重复利用线程池中线程，不需要每次都创建）

3.便于线程管理