java多线程及异步编排

一、创建线程的方式

1、继承Thread类

package 多线程与并发;
public class ThreadTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("main...start...");
        thread01 thread = new thread01();
        //启动线程
        thread.start();
        System.out.println("main...end...");
    }
    public static class thread01 extends Thread{
        @Override
        public void run(){
            System.out.println("当前线程"+Thread.currentThread().getId());
            int i = 100/2;
            System.out.println("运行结果"+i);
        }
    }
}

运行结果：

main...start...
main...end...
当前线程12
运行结果50

2、实现Runnable接口

package 多线程与并发;

public class ThreadTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("main...start...");
        Runnable01 runnable01 = new Runnable01();
        //启动线程
        new Thread(runnable01).start();
        System.out.println("main...end...");
    }

    public static class Runnable01 implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            System.out.println("当前线程"+Thread.currentThread().getId());
            int i = 100/2;
            System.out.println("运行结果"+i);
        }
    }
}

运行结果：

main...start...
main...end...
当前线程12
运行结果50

3、实现Callable接口+Future Task(可以拿到返回值，可以处理异常)

package 多线程与并发;

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;

public class ThreadTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        System.out.println("main...start...");
        FutureTask<Integer> futureTask = new FutureTask<Integer>(new Callable01());
        //启动线程
        new Thread(futureTask).start();
        //阻塞等待整个线程执行完成，获取返回值
        Integer integer = futureTask.get();
        System.out.println("main...end..."+integer);
    }

    public static class Callable01 implements Callable {
        @Override
        public Object call() throws Exception {
            System.out.println("当前线程"+Thread.currentThread().getId());
            int i = 100/2;
            System.out.println("运行结果"+i);
            return i;
        }
    }
}

运行结果：

main...start...
当前线程12
运行结果50
main...end...50

4、线程池

线程池的创建方式

①Executors

②new ThreadPoolExecutor

Future:可以获取到异步结果

corePoolSize:核心线程数，创建好就准备就绪的线程数量，就等待接受异步任务去执行，此核心线程一直存活，除非线程池消毁或指定allowCoreThreadTimeOut参数，
maximumPoolSi