mysql 基本查询

今天的接口写完了吗？

已于 2023-08-01 19:24:29 修改

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分类专栏： mysql案例文章标签： mysql 数据库

于 2023-08-01 19:24:13 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_65142821/article/details/132049200

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一、准备工作

首先建立一个数据库然后点击新建查询把准备代码粘贴并执行

-- 员工管理(带约束)
create table tb_emp (
    id int unsigned primary key auto_increment comment 'ID',
    username varchar(20) not null unique comment '用户名',
    password varchar(32) default '123456' comment '密码',
    name varchar(10) not null comment '姓名',
    gender tinyint unsigned not null comment '性别, 说明: 1 男, 2 女',
    image varchar(300) comment '图像',
    job tinyint unsigned comment '职位, 说明: 1 班主任,2 讲师, 3 学工主管, 4 教研主管',
    entrydate date comment '入职时间',
    create_time datetime not null comment '创建时间',
    update_time datetime not null comment '修改时间'
) comment '员工表';

-- 准备测试数据
INSERT INTO tb_emp (id, username, password, name, gender, image, job, entrydate, create_time, update_time) VALUES
    (1, 'jinyong', '123456', '金庸', 1, '1.jpg', 4, '2000-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:35'),
    (2, 'zhangwuji', '123456', '张无忌', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2015-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:37'),
    (3, 'yangxiao', '123456', '杨逍', 1, '3.jpg', 2, '2008-05-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:39'),
    (4, 'weiyixiao', '123456', '韦一笑', 1, '4.jpg', 2, '2007-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:41'),
    (5, 'changyuchun', '123456', '常遇春', 1, '5.jpg', 2, '2012-12-05', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:43'),
    (6, 'xiaozhao', '123456', '小昭', 2, '6.jpg', 3, '2013-09-05', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:45'),
    (7, 'jixiaofu', '123456', '纪晓芙', 2, '7.jpg', 1, '2005-08-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:47'),
    (8, 'zhouzhiruo', '123456', '周芷若', 2, '8.jpg', 1, '2014-11-09', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:49'),
    (9, 'dingminjun', '123456', '丁敏君', 2, '9.jpg', 1, '2011-03-11', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:51'),
    (10, 'zhaomin', '123456', '赵敏', 2, '10.jpg', 1, '2013-09-05', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:53'),
    (11, 'luzhangke', '123456', '鹿杖客', 1, '11.jpg', 2, '2007-02-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:55'),
    (12, 'hebiweng', '123456', '鹤笔翁', 1, '12.jpg', 2, '2008-08-18', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:57'),
    (13, 'fangdongbai', '123456', '方东白', 1, '13.jpg', 1, '2012-11-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:35:59'),
    (14, 'zhangsanfeng', '123456', '张三丰', 1, '14.jpg', 2, '2002-08-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:01'),
    (15, 'yulianzhou', '123456', '俞莲舟', 1, '15.jpg', 2, '2011-05-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:03'),
    (16, 'songyuanqiao', '123456', '宋远桥', 1, '16.jpg', 2, '2010-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:05'),
    (17, 'chenyouliang', '12345678', '陈友谅', 1, '17.jpg', null, '2015-03-21', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:07'),
    (18, 'zhang1', '123456', '张一', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2015-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:09'),
    (19, 'zhang2', '123456', '张二', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2012-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:11'),
    (20, 'zhang3', '123456', '张三', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2018-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:13'),
    (21, 'zhang4', '123456', '张四', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2015-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:15'),
    (22, 'zhang5', '123456', '张五', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2016-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:17'),
    (23, 'zhang6', '123456', '张六', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2012-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:19'),
    (24, 'zhang7', '123456', '张七', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2006-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:21'),
    (25, 'zhang8', '123456', '张八', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2002-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:23'),
    (26, 'zhang9', '123456', '张九', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2011-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:25'),
    (27, 'zhang10', '123456', '张十', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2004-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:27'),
    (28, 'zhang11', '123456', '张十一', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2007-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:29'),
    (29, 'zhang12', '123456', '张十二', 1, '2.jpg', 2, '2020-01-01', '2022-10-27 16:35:33', '2022-10-27 16:36:31');

效果查询

二、基本查询案例

SELECT *FROM tb_emp;
-- 1. 查询指定字段 name,entrydate 并返回
SELECT `name`,entrydate FROM tb_emp;

-- 2. 查询返回所有字段
SELECT*FROM tb_emp;

-- 3. 查询所有员工的 name,entrydate, 并起别名(姓名、入职日期)
SELECT name  姓名, entrydate  入职日期 FROM tb_emp;
SELECT name as 姓名,entrydate 入职日期 FROM tb_emp;

-- 4. 查询已有的员工关联了哪几种职位(不要重复)
SELECT DISTINCT job FROM tb_emp;