原型模式

这篇博客介绍一下“原型模式”，原型模式（prototype模式）是一种对象创建型模式，它采取复制原型对象的方法来创建对象的实例，使用原型模式创建实例，具有与原型一样的数据。

原型模式的特点：
1.对象创建这一动作发自原型对象本身。
2.目标对象是原型对象的一个克隆，也就是说目标对象不仅与原型对象具有相同的结构，还与原型对象具有相同的值。
3.根据对象克隆深度层次不同，有浅层克隆与深度克隆之分。

/*
 * 这是浅层克隆，适用于成员变量是基础数据类型和String
 */
public class Teacher implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String lesson;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getLesson() {
        return lesson;
    }
    public void setLesson(String lesson) {
        this.lesson = lesson;
    }
    public Teacher clone(){
        try {
            return (Teacher) super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            return null;
        }
    }
}

/*
 * 深度克隆
 */
public class Student implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private List<Teacher> teachers;//任课老师
    private Teacher classLeader;//班主任
    private List<String> favs;//爱好
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public List<Teacher> getTeachers() {
        return teachers;
    }
    public void setTeachers(List<Teacher> teachers) {
        this.teachers = teachers;
    }
    public Teacher getClassLeader() {
        return classLeader;
    }
    public void setClassLeader(Teacher classLeader) {
        this.classLeader = classLeader;
    }
    public List<String> getFavs() {
        return favs;
    }
    public void setFavs(List<String> favs) {
        this.favs = favs;
    }
    public Student clone(){
        try {
            Student student = (Student)super.clone();
            List<String> newFavsList = new ArrayList<String>();
            for (String fav : this.favs) {
                newFavsList.add(fav);
            }
            student.setFavs(newFavsList);
            List<Teacher> newTeachers = new ArrayList<Teacher>();
            for (Teacher t : this.teachers) {
                newTeachers.add(t.clone());
            }
            student.setTeachers(newTeachers);
            student.setClassLeader(this.classLeader.clone());
            return student;
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            return null;
        }
    }
}