1.起步构建
首先声明定义类并声明Promise状态与值
- executor为执行者
- 当执行者出现异常时触发拒绝状态
- 使用静态属性保存状态值
- 状态只能改变一次,所以在resolve与reject添加条件判断
- 因为 resolve或rejected方法在executor中调用,作用域也是executor作用域,这会造成this指向window,现在我们使用的是class定义,this为undefined。
class HD {
static PENDING = "pending";
static FULFILLED = "fulfilled";
static REJECTED = "rejected";
constructor(executor) {
this.status = HD.PENDING;
this.value = null;
try {
executor(this.resolve.bind(this), this.reject.bind(this));
} catch (error) {
this.reject(error);
}
}
resolve(value) {
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.status = HD.FULFILLED;
this.value = value;
}
}
reject(value) {
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.status = HD.REJECTED;
this.value = value;
}
}
}
下面测试一下状态改变
<script src="HD.js"></script>
<script>
let p = new HD((resolve, reject) => {
resolve("后盾人");
});
console.log(p);
</script>
2.THEN
添加then方法来处理状态的改变,有以下几点说明
- then可以有两个参数,即成功和错误时的回调函数
- then的函数参数都不是必须的,所以需要设置默认值为函数,用于处理当没有传递时情况
- 当执行then传递的函数发生异常时,统一交给onRejected来处理错误
基础构建
- then可以有两个参数,即成功和错误时的回调函数
- then的函数参数都不是必须的,所以需要设置默认值为函数,用于处理当没有传递时情况
- 当执行then传递的函数发生异常时,统一交给onRejected来处理错误
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
if (typeof onFulfilled != "function") {
onFulfilled = value => value;
}
if (typeof onRejected != "function") {
onRejected = value => value;
}
if (this.status == HD.FULFILLED) {
try {
onFulfilled(this.value);
} catch (error) {
onRejected(error);
}
}
if (this.status == HD.REJECTED) {
try {
onRejected(this.value);
} catch (error) {
onRejected(error);
}
}
}
下面来测试then方法的,结果正常输出后盾人
let p = new HD((resolve, reject) => {
resolve("后盾人");
}).then(
value => {
console.log(value);
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
);
console.log("houdunren.com");
3.异步任务
但上面的代码产生的Promise并不是异步的,使用setTimeout来将onFulfilled与onRejected做为异步宏任务执行。
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
if (typeof onFulfilled != "function") {
onFulfilled = value => value;
}
if (typeof onRejected != "function") {
onRejected = value => value;
}
if (this.status == HD.FULFILLED) {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
onFulfilled(this.value);
} catch (error) {
onRejected(error);
}
});
}
if (this.status == HD.REJECTED) {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
onRejected(this.value);
} catch (error) {
onRejected(error);
}
});
}
}
现在再执行代码,已经有异步效果了,先输出了houdunren.com
let p = new HD((resolve, reject) => {
resolve("后盾人");
}).then(
value => {
console.log(value);
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
);
console.log("houdunren.com");
PENDING状态
目前then方法无法处理promise为pending时的状态
let p = new HD((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve("后盾人");
});
})
为了处理以下情况,需要进行几点改动
- 在构造函数中添加callbacks来保存pending状态时处理函数,当状态改变时循环调用
constructor(executor) {
...
this.callbacks = [];
...
}
- 将then方法的回调函数添加到 callbacks 数组中,用于异步执行
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
if (typeof onFulfilled != "function") {
onFulfilled = value => value;
}
if (typeof onRejected != "function") {
onRejected = value => value;
}
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.callbacks.push({
onFulfilled: value => {
try {
onFulfilled(value);
} catch (error) {
onRejected(error);
}
},
onRejected: value => {
try {
onRejected(value);
} catch (error) {
onRejected(error);
}
}
});
}
...
}
3.resovle与reject中添加处理callback方法的代码
resolve(value) {
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.status = HD.FULFILLED;
this.value = value;
this.callbacks.map(callback => {
callback.onFulfilled(value);
});
}
}
reject(value) {
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.status = HD.REJECTED;
this.value = value;
this.callbacks.map(callback => {
callback.onRejected(value);
});
}
}
PENDING异步
执行以下代码发现并不是异步操作,应该先输出 大叔视频 然后是`后盾人
let p = new HD((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve("后盾人");
console.log("大叔视频");
});
}).then(
value => {
console.log(value);
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
);
解决以上问题,只需要将resolve与reject执行通过setTimeout定义为异步任务
resolve(value) {
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.status = HD.FULFILLED;
this.value = value;
setTimeout(() => {
this.callbacks.map(callback => {
callback.onFulfilled(value);
});
});
}
}
reject(value) {
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.status = HD.REJECTED;
this.value = value;
setTimeout(() => {
this.callbacks.map(callback => {
callback.onRejected(value);
});
});
}
}
链式操作
Promise中的then是链式调用执行的,所以then也要返回Promise才能实现
- then的onReject函数是对前面Promise的rejected的处理
- 但该Promise返回状态要为fulfilled,所以在调用onRejected后改变当前promise为fulfilled状态
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
if (typeof onFulfilled != "function") {
onFulfilled = value => value;
}
if (typeof onRejected != "function") {
onRejected = value => value;
}
return new HD((resolve, reject) => {
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.callbacks.push({
onFulfilled: value => {
try {
let result = onFulfilled(value);
resolve(result);
} catch (error) {
reject(error);
}
},
onRejected: value => {
try {
let result = onRejected(value);
resolve(result);
} catch (error) {
reject(error);
}
}
});
}
if (this.status == HD.FULFILLED) {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
let result = onFulfilled(this.value);
resolve(result);
} catch (error) {
reject(error);
}
});
}
if (this.status == HD.REJECTED) {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
let result = onRejected(this.value);
resolve(result);
} catch (error) {
reject(error);
}
});
}
});
}
下面执行测试后,链式操作已经有效了
let p = new HD((resolve, reject) => {
resolve("后盾人");
console.log("hdcms.com");
})
.then(
value => {
console.log(value);
return "大叔视频";
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
)
.then(
value => {
console.log(value);
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
);
console.log("houdunren.com");
返回类型
如果then返回的是Promise呢?所以我们需要判断分别处理返回值为Promise与普通值的情况
基本实现
下面来实现不同类型不同处理机制
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
if (typeof onFulfilled != "function") {
onFulfilled = value => value;
}
if (typeof onRejected != "function") {
onRejected = value => value;
}
return new HD((resolve, reject) => {
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.callbacks.push({
onFulfilled: value => {
try {
let result = onFulfilled(value);
if (result instanceof HD) {
result.then(resolve, reject);
} else {
resolve(result);
}
} catch (error) {
reject(error);
}
},
onRejected: value => {
try {
let result = onRejected(value);
if (result instanceof HD) {
result.then(resolve, reject);
} else {
resolve(result);
}
} catch (error) {
reject(error);
}
}
});
}
if (this.status == HD.FULFILLED) {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
let result = onFulfilled(this.value);
if (result instanceof HD) {
result.then(resolve, reject);
} else {
resolve(result);
}
} catch (error) {
reject(error);
}
});
}
if (this.status == HD.REJECTED) {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
let result = onRejected(this.value);
if (result instanceof HD) {
result.then(resolve, reject);
} else {
resolve(result);
}
} catch (error) {
reject(error);
}
});
}
});
}
代码复用
现在发现pendding、fulfilled、rejected 状态的代码非常相似,所以可以提取出方法Parse来复用
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
if (typeof onFulfilled != "function") {
onFulfilled = value => value;
}
if (typeof onRejected != "function") {
onRejected = value => value;
}
return new HD((resolve, reject) => {
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.callbacks.push({
onFulfilled: value => {
this.parse(onFulfilled(this.value), resolve, reject);
},
onRejected: value => {
this.parse(onRejected(this.value), resolve, reject);
}
});
}
if (this.status == HD.FULFILLED) {
setTimeout(() => {
this.parse(onFulfilled(this.value), resolve, reject);
});
}
if (this.status == HD.REJECTED) {
setTimeout(() => {
this.parse(onRejected(this.value), resolve, reject);
});
}
});
}
parse(result, resolve, reject) {
try {
if (result instanceof HD) {
result.then(resolve, reject);
} else {
resolve(result);
}
} catch (error) {
reject(error);
}
}
返回约束
then的返回的promise不能是then相同的Promise,下面是原生Promise的示例将产生错误
let promise = new Promise(resolve => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve("后盾人");
});
});
let p = promise.then(value => {
return p;
});
解决上面的问题来完善代码,添加当前promise做为parse的第一个参数与函数结果比对
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
if (typeof onFulfilled != "function") {
onFulfilled = value => value;
}
if (typeof onRejected != "function") {
onRejected = value => value;
}
let promise = new HD((resolve, reject) => {
if (this.status == HD.PENDING) {
this.callbacks.push({
onFulfilled: value => {
this.parse(promise, onFulfilled(this.value), resolve, reject);
},
onRejected: value => {
this.parse(promise, onRejected(this.value), resolve, reject);
}
});
}
if (this.status == HD.FULFILLED) {
setTimeout(() => {
this.parse(promise, onFulfilled(this.value), resolve, reject);
});
}
if (this.status == HD.REJECTED) {
setTimeout(() => {
this.parse(promise, onRejected(this.value), resolve, reject);
});
}
});
return promise;
}
parse(promise, result, resolve, reject) {
if (promise == result) {
throw new TypeError("Chaining cycle detected for promise");
}
try {
if (result instanceof HD) {
result.then(resolve, reject);
} else {
resolve(result);
}
} catch (error) {
reject(error);
}
}
RESOLVE
下面来实现Promise的resolve方法
static resolve(value) {
return new HD((resolve, reject) => {
if (value instanceof HD) {
value.then(resolve, reject);
} else {
resolve(value);
}
});
}
使用普通值的测试
HD.resolve("后盾人").then(value => {
console.log(value);
});
使用状态为fulfilled的promise值测试
HD.resolve(
new HD(resolve => {
resolve("houdunren.com");
})
).then(value => {
console.log(value);
});
使用状态为rejected的Promise测试
HD.resolve(
new HD((_, reject) => {
reject("reacted");
})
).then(
value => {
console.log(value);
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
);
REJEDCT
下面定义Promise的rejecte方法
static reject(reason) {
return new HD((_, reject) => {
reject(reason);
});
}
使用测试
HD.reject("rejected").then(null, reason => {
console.log(reason);
});
ALL
下面来实现Promise的all方法
static all(promises) {
let resolves = [];
return new HD((resolve, reject) => {
promises.forEach((promise, index) => {
promise.then(
value => {
resolves.push(value);
if (resolves.length == promises.length) {
resolve(resolves);
}
},
reason => {
reject(reason);
}
);
});
});
}
来对所有Promise状态为fulfilled的测试
let p1 = new HD((resolve, reject) => {
resolve("后盾人");
});
let p2 = new HD((resolve, reject) => {
reject("后盾人");
});
let promises = HD.all([p1, p2]).then(
promises => {
console.log(promises);
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
);
使用我们写的resolve进行测试
let p1 = HD.resolve("后盾人");
let p2 = HD.resolve("houdunren.com");
let promises = HD.all([p1, p2]).then(
promises => {
console.log(promises);
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
);
其中一个Promise为rejected时的效果
let p1 = HD.resolve("后盾人");
let p2 = HD.reject("rejected");
let promises = HD.all([p1, p2]).then(
promises => {
console.log(promises);
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
);
RACE
下面实现Promise的race方法
static race(promises) {
return new HD((resolve, reject) => {
promises.map(promise => {
promise.then(value => {
resolve(value);
});
});
});
}
我们来进行测试
let p1 = HD.resolve("后盾人");
let p2 = HD.resolve("houdunren.com");
let promises = HD.race([p1, p2]).then(
promises => {
console.log(promises);
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
);
使用延迟Promise后的效果
let p1 = new HD(resolve => {
setInterval(() => {
resolve("后盾人");
}, 2000);
});
let p2 = new HD(resolve => {
setInterval(() => {
resolve("houdunren.com");
}, 1000);
});
let promises = HD.race([p1, p2]).then(
promises => {
console.log(promises);
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
}
);