NSAssert和assert是断言,主要的差别是assert在断言失败的时候只是简单的终止程序,而NSAssert会报告出错误信息并且打印出来.所以尽管的使用NSAssert,可以不去使用assert.
iOS中用的最多的是两对断言, NSAssert/NSCAssert 和 NSParameterAssert/NSCparameterAssert. 要知道他们的区别,我们先来看看他们定义.
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#
if
!defined(NS_BLOCK_ASSERTIONS)
#
if
!defined(_NSAssertBody)
#define NSAssert(condition, desc, ...) \
do
{ \
__PRAGMA_PUSH_NO_EXTRA_ARG_WARNINGS \
if
(!(condition)) { \
[[NSAssertionHandler currentHandler] handleFailureInMethod:_cmd \
object:self file:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:__FILE__] \
lineNumber:__LINE__ description:(desc), ##__VA_ARGS__]; \
} \
__PRAGMA_POP_NO_EXTRA_ARG_WARNINGS \
}
while
(
0
)
#endif
#
if
!defined(_NSCAssertBody)
#define NSCAssert(condition, desc, ...) \
do
{ \
__PRAGMA_PUSH_NO_EXTRA_ARG_WARNINGS \
if
(!(condition)) { \
[[NSAssertionHandler currentHandler] handleFailureInFunction:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:__PRETTY_FUNCTION__] \
file:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:__FILE__] \
lineNumber:__LINE__ description:(desc), ##__VA_ARGS__]; \
} \
__PRAGMA_POP_NO_EXTRA_ARG_WARNINGS \
}
while
(
0
)
#endif
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NSParameterAssert/NSCparameterAssert两者的区别也是前者适用于Objective-C的方法,后者适用于C的函数.
NSAssert/NSCAssert 和 NSParameterAssert/NSCparameterAssert 的区别是前者是所有断言, 后者只是针对参数是否存在的断言, 所以可以先进行参数的断言,确认参数是正确的,再进行所有的断言,确认其他原因.
NSAssert的用法
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int
a =
4
;
NSAssert(a ==
5
, @
"a must equal to 5"
);
//第一个参数是条件,如果第一个参数不满足条件,就会记录和打印第二个参数
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//回记录并打印断言日志
*** Assertion failure in -[AppDelegate application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:], /Users/admin/Desktop/storyboard/storyboard/AppDelegate.m:
36
*** Terminating app due to uncaught exception
'NSInternalInconsistencyException'
, reason: 'a must equal to
5
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NSParameterAssert的用法
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- (
void
)assertWithPara:(NSString *)str
{
NSParameterAssert(str);
//只需要一个参数,如果参数存在程序继续运行,如果参数为空,则程序停止打印日志
//further code ...
}
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// 如果str 为空则有如下类似的日志
*** Assertion failure in -[AppDelegate assertWithPara:], /Users/admin/Desktop/storyboard/storyboard/AppDelegate.m:
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*** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInternalInconsistencyException', reason: 'Invalid parameter not satisfying: str'
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Xcode 已经默认将release环境下的断言取消了, 免除了忘记关闭断言造成的程序不稳定.
NSAssertionHandler:自定义处理方法,程序不会直接崩溃
NSAssertionHandler实例是自动创建的,用于处理错误断言。如果NSAssert和NSCAssert条件评估为错误,会向NSAssertionHandler实例发送一个表示错误的字符串。每个线程都有它自己的NSAssertionHandler实例。
自定义NSAssertionHandler的子类
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@interface
MyAssertHandler : NSAssertionHandler
@end
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#
import
"MyAssertHandler.h"
@implementation
MyAssertHandler
//处理Objective-C的断言
- (
void
)handleFailureInMethod:(SEL)selector object:(id)object file:(NSString *)fileName lineNumber:(NSInteger)line description:(NSString *)format,...
{
NSLog(@
"NSAssert Failure: Method %@ for object %@ in %@#%li"
, NSStringFromSelector(selector), object, fileName, (
long
)line);
}
//处理C的断言
- (
void
)handleFailureInFunction:(NSString *)functionName file:(NSString *)fileName lineNumber:(NSInteger)line description:(NSString *)format,...
{
NSLog(@
"NSCAssert Failure: Function (%@) in %@#%li"
, functionName, fileName, (
long
)line);
}
@end
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NSAssertionHandler *myHandler = [[MyAssertHandler alloc] init];
//给当前的线程
[[[NSThread currentThread] threadDictionary] setValue:myHandler
forKey:NSAssertionHandlerKey];
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