2.1、Spring Web MVC是什么
2.2、Spring Web MVC能帮我们做什么
2.3、Spring Web MVC架构
2.3.1、Spring Web MVC处理请求的流程
2.3.2、Spring Web MVC架构
java代码:
- //前端控制器分派方法
- protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
- HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
- HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
- int interceptorIndex = -1;
- try {
- ModelAndView mv;
- boolean errorView = false;
- try {
- //检查是否是请求是否是multipart(如文件上传),如果是将通过MultipartResolver解析
- processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
- //步骤2、请求到处理器(页面控制器)的映射,通过HandlerMapping进行映射
- mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest, false);
- if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) {
- noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
- return;
- }
- //步骤3、处理器适配,即将我们的处理器包装成相应的适配器(从而支持多种类型的处理器)
- HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
- // 304 Not Modified缓存支持
- //此处省略具体代码
- // 执行处理器相关的拦截器的预处理(HandlerInterceptor.preHandle)
- //此处省略具体代码
- // 步骤4、由适配器执行处理器(调用处理器相应功能处理方法)
- mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
- // Do we need view name translation?
- if (mv != null && !mv.hasView()) {
- mv.setViewName(getDefaultViewName(request));
- }
- // 执行处理器相关的拦截器的后处理(HandlerInterceptor.postHandle)
- //此处省略具体代码
- }
- catch (ModelAndViewDefiningException ex) {
- logger.debug("ModelAndViewDefiningException encountered", ex);
- mv = ex.getModelAndView();
- }
- catch (Exception ex) {
- Object handler = (mappedHandler != null ? mappedHandler.getHandler() : null);
- mv = processHandlerException(processedRequest, response, handler, ex);
- errorView = (mv != null);
- }
- //步骤5 步骤6、解析视图并进行视图的渲染
- //步骤5 由ViewResolver解析View(viewResolver.resolveViewName(viewName, locale))
- //步骤6 视图在渲染时会把Model传入(view.render(mv.getModelInternal(), request, response);)
- if (mv != null && !mv.wasCleared()) {
- render(mv, processedRequest, response);
- if (errorView) {
- WebUtils.clearErrorRequestAttributes(request);
- }
- }
- else {
- if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
- logger.debug("Null ModelAndView returned to DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() +
- "': assuming HandlerAdapter completed request handling");
- }
- }
- // 执行处理器相关的拦截器的完成后处理(HandlerInterceptor.afterCompletion)
- //此处省略具体代码
- catch (Exception ex) {
- // Trigger after-completion for thrown exception.
- triggerAfterCompletion(mappedHandler, interceptorIndex, processedRequest, response, ex);
- throw ex;
- }
- catch (Error err) {
- ServletException ex = new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err);
- // Trigger after-completion for thrown exception.
- triggerAfterCompletion(mappedHandler, interceptorIndex, processedRequest, response, ex);
- throw ex;
- }
- finally {
- // Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
- if (processedRequest != request) {
- cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
- }
- }
- }
2.4、Spring Web MVC优势
2.5、Hello World入门
2.5.1、准备开发环境和运行环境:
2.5.2、前端控制器的配置
java代码:
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>chapter2</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>chapter2</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
2.5.3、在Spring配置文件中配置HandlerMapping、HandlerAdapter
java代码:
- <!-- HandlerMapping -->
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
- <!-- HandlerAdapter -->
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
2.5.4、在Spring配置文件中配置ViewResolver
java代码:
- <!-- ViewResolver -->
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
- <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
- <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
- <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
- </bean>
2.5.5、开发处理器/页面控制器
java代码:
- package cn.javass.chapter2.web.controller;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
- public class HelloWorldController implements Controller {
- @Override
- public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception {
- //1、收集参数、验证参数
- //2、绑定参数到命令对象
- //3、将命令对象传入业务对象进行业务处理
- //4、选择下一个页面
- ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
- //添加模型数据 可以是任意的POJO对象
- mv.addObject("message", "Hello World!");
- //设置逻辑视图名,视图解析器会根据该名字解析到具体的视图页面
- mv.setViewName("hello");
- return mv;
- }
- }
java代码:
- <!-- 处理器 -->
- <bean name="/hello" class="cn.javass.chapter2.web.controller.HelloWorldController"/>
2.5.6、开发视图页面
java代码:
- <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
- <title>Hello World</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- ${message}
- </body>
- </html>
2.5.6、启动服务器运行测试
2.5.7、运行流程分析
2.6、POST中文乱码解决方案
java代码:
- <filter>
- <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encoding</param-name>
- <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
2.7、Spring3.1新特性