import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; /** * 有时候线程取得lock后需要在一定条件下才能做某些工作,比如说经典的Producer和Consumer问题。 * 在Java 5.0以前,这种功能是由Object类的wait(), notify()和notifyAll()等方法实现的, * 在5.0里面,这些功能集中到了Condition这个接口来实现。 */ public class ConditionTest { /** * 篮子程序,这里为了简化问题,篮子中最多只能有一个苹果。 * Consumer必须在篮子里有苹果的时候才能吃苹果,否则它必须暂时放弃对篮子的锁定, * 等到Producer往篮子里放了苹果后再去拿来吃。而Producer必须等到篮子空了才能往里放苹果, * 否则它也需要暂时解锁等Consumer把苹果吃了才能往篮子里放苹果。 */ public static class Basket { // 锁 Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(); // 根据锁产生Condition对象 Condition produced = lock.newCondition(); Condition consumed = lock.newCondition(); // 篮子中的苹果数,最多为1 int num = 0; /** * 生产苹果,往篮子里放 * @throws InterruptedException */ public void produce() throws InterruptedException { // 获得锁 lock.lock(); System.out.println("Producer get a lock..."); try { // 判断是否满足生产条件 while (num == 1) { // 如果有苹果,则不生产,放弃锁,进入睡眠 // 等待消费者消费 System.out.println("Producer sleep..."); consumed.await(); System.out.println("Producer awaked..."); } /*生产苹果*/ Thread.sleep(500); System.out.println("Producer produced an Apple."); num = 1; // 通知等待produced Condition的线程 produced.signal(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } } /** * 消费苹果,从篮子中取 * @throws InterruptedException */ public void consume() throws InterruptedException { // 获得锁 lock.lock(); System.out.println("Consumer get a lock..."); try { // 判断是否满足消费条件 while (num == 0) { // 如果没有苹果,无法消费,则放弃锁,进入睡眠 // 等待生产者生产苹果 System.out.println("Consumer sleep..."); produced.await(); System.out.println("Consumer awaked..."); } /*吃苹果*/ Thread.sleep(500); System.out.println("Consumer consumed an Apple."); num = 0; // 发信号唤醒某个等待consumed Condition的线程 consumed.signal(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } } } /** * 测试Basket程序 */ public static void testBasket() throws Exception { final Basket basket = new Basket(); // 定义一个producer Runnable producer = new Runnable() { public void run() { try { basket.produce(); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } }; // 定义一个consumer Runnable consumer = new Runnable() { public void run() { try { basket.consume(); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } }; // 各产生3个consumer和producer ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++){ service.submit(producer); } for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++){ service.submit(consumer); } service.shutdown(); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ConditionTest.testBasket(); } }
多线程例子
最新推荐文章于 2021-02-26 17:53:57 发布