WM_KEYDOWN和WM_KEYUP的使用

通过这两个消息可以模拟键盘事件。

相关函数：

MapVirtualKey: The MapVirtualKey function translates (maps) a virtual-key code into a scan code or character value, or translates a scan code into a virtual-key code.

VkKeyScan: The VkKeyScan function translates a character to the corresponding virtual-key code and shift state for the current keyboard.

PostMessage，SetForegroundWindow

 

WM_KEYDOWN和WM_KEYUP的 wParam就是虚拟键码，MSDN上可以查到，也可以通过VkKeyScan将一个字符转换成虚拟键码和shift状态的结合。

lParam的0到15位为该键在键盘上的重复次数，经常设为1，即按键1次；16至23位为键盘的扫描码，通过MapVirtualKey配合其参数可以得到；24位为扩展键，即某些右ALT和CTRL；29、30、31位按照说明设置即可（第30位对于keydown在和shift等结合的时候通常要设置为1）。

 

Specification of WM_KEYDOWN:

wParam

Specifies the virtual-key code of the nonsystem key.

lParam

Specifies the repeat count, scan code, extended-key flag, context code, previous key-state flag, and transition-state flag, as shown in the following table.

0-15

Specifies the repeat count for the current message. The value is the number of times the keystroke is autorepeated as a result of the user holding down the key. If the keystroke is held long enough, multiple messages are sent. However, the repeat count is not cumulative.

16-23

Specifies the scan code. The value depends on the OEM.

24

Specifies whether the key is an extended key, such as the right-hand ALT and CTRL keys that appear on an enhanced 101- or 102-key keyboard. The value is 1 if it is an extended key; otherwise, it is 0.

25-28

Reserved; do not use.

29

Specifies the context code. The value is always 0 for a  WM_KEYDOWN message.

30

Specifies the previous key state. The value is 1 if the key is down before the message is sent, or it is zero if the key is up.

31

Specifies the transition state. The value is always zero for a  WM_KEYDOWN message.

Specification of WM_KEYUP: wParam

Specifies the virtual-key code of the nonsystem key.

lParam

Specifies the repeat count, scan code, extended-key flag, context code, previous key-state flag, and transition-state flag, as shown in the following table.

0-15

Specifies the repeat count for the current message. The value is the number of times the keystroke is autorepeated as a result of the user holding down the key. The repeat count is always one for a  WM_KEYUP message.

16-23

Specifies the scan code. The value depends on the OEM.

24

Specifies whether the key is an extended key, such as the right-hand ALT and CTRL keys that appear on an enhanced 101- or 102-key keyboard. The value is 1 if it is an extended key; otherwise, it is 0.

25-28

Reserved; do not use.

29

Specifies the context code. The value is always 0 for a  WM_KEYUP message.

30

Specifies the previous key state. The value is always 1 for a  WM_KEYUP message.

31

Specifies the transition state. The value is always 1 for a  WM_KEYUP message.

Examples:

 

  
  

   
    1 
   
   char
   
    ch 
   
   =
   
    ...;

   
    2 
   
   SHORT tmp 
   
   =
   
    VkKeyScan(ch);

   
    3 
   
   WPARAM wParam 
   
   =
   
    tmp 
   
   &
   
    
   
   0xFF
   
   ;

   
    4 
   
   LPARAM lParam 
   
   =
   
    
   
   1
   
   ;

   
    5 
   
   lParam 
   
   +=
   
    MapVirtualKey(wParam, MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC) 
   
   <<
   
    
   
   16
   
   ;

   
    6 
   
    
   
   bool
   
    shift 
   
   =
   
    (tmp 
   
   &
   
    
   
   0x0100
   
   ) 
   
   ==
   
    
   
   0x0100
   
    
   
   ?
   
    
   
   true
   
    : 
   
   false
   
   ;

   
    7 
   
    
   
   //
   
   未考虑SHIFT，大小写的区分需通过SHIFT，注意设置第29位，可用Spy++捕获消息查看，此处只作备忘
   
   用

   
    8 
   
    
   
   PostMessage(h_wnd, WM_KEYDOWN, wParam, lParam);

   
    9 
   
   lParam 
   
   +=
   
    
   
   1
   
    
   
   <<
   
    
   
   30
   
   ;

   
   10 
   
   lParam 
   
   +=
   
    
   
   1
   
    
   
   <<
   
    
   
   31
   
   ;

   
   11 
   
   PostMessage(h_wnd, WM_KEYUP, wParam, lParam);
  
  

 

C++实现代码：

LPARAM lParam = 1;
lParam += MapVirtualKey(VK_1, MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC) << 16;
::PostMessage(hWnd,WM_KEYDOWN,VK_1,lParam);
lParam += 1 << 30;
lParam += 1 << 31;
::PostMessage(hWnd,WM_KEYUP,VK_1,lParam);

用keybd_event实现：

 

  
  

   
    1 
   
   char
   
    ch 
   
   =
   
    ...;

   
    2 
   
   SHORT tmp 
   
   =
   
    VkKeyScan(ch);

   
    3 
   
   BYTE vk 
   
   =
   
    tmp 
   
   &
   
    
   
   0xFF
   
   ;

   
    4 
   
   bool
   
    shift 
   
   =
   
    (tmp 
   
   &
   
    
   
   0x0100
   
   ) 
   
   ==
   
    
   
   0x0100
   
    
   
   ?
   
    
   
   true
   
    : 
   
   false
   
   ;

   
    5 
   
   if
   
    (shift) {

   
    6 
   
       keybd_event(VK_SHIFT, MapVirtualKey(VK_SHIFT, MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC), 
   
   0
   
   , 
   
   0
   
   );

   
    7 
   
   }

   
    8 
   
   keybd_event(vk, MapVirtualKey(vk, MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC), 
   
   0
   
   , 
   
   0
   
   );

   
    9 
   
   keybd_event(vk, MapVirtualKey(vk, MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC), KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 
   
   0
   
   );

   
   10 
   
   if
   
    (shift) {

   
   11 
   
       keybd_event(VK_SHIFT, MapVirtualKey(VK_SHIFT, MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC), KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 
   
   0
   
   );

   
   12 
   
   }