在使用MVVM架构时,我们会遇到各种各样的问题
其中一个很常见的问题就是如何在ViewModel层处理UI事件时在后台代码文件中不写任何代码。
在我这个例子中实现的是取得鼠标移动时的位置。
我的解决方法如下:
1、通过一个Behavior 取得关联对象的EventArgs,代码如下
1
public
class
ExtendedInvokeCommandAction : TriggerAction
<
FrameworkElement
>
2 {
3 public static readonly DependencyProperty CommandProperty = DependencyProperty.Register( " Command " , typeof (ICommand), typeof (ExtendedInvokeCommandAction), new PropertyMetadata( null , CommandChangedCallback));
4 public static readonly DependencyProperty CommandParameterProperty = DependencyProperty.Register( " CommandParameter " , typeof ( object ), typeof (ExtendedInvokeCommandAction), new PropertyMetadata( null , CommandParameterChangedCallback));
5
6 private static void CommandParameterChangedCallback(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
7 {
8 var invokeCommand = d as ExtendedInvokeCommandAction;
9 if (invokeCommand != null )
10 invokeCommand.SetValue(CommandParameterProperty, e.NewValue);
11 }
12
13 private static void CommandChangedCallback(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
14 {
15 var invokeCommand = d as ExtendedInvokeCommandAction;
16 if (invokeCommand != null )
17 invokeCommand.SetValue(CommandProperty, e.NewValue);
18 }
19
20 protected override void Invoke( object parameter)
21 {
22 if ( this .Command == null )
23 return ;
24
25 if ( this .Command.CanExecute(parameter))
26 {
27 var commandParameter = new ExtendedCommandParameter(parameter as EventArgs, this .AssociatedObject,
28 GetValue(CommandParameterProperty));
29 this .Command.Execute(commandParameter);
30 }
31 }
32
33 #region public properties
34
35 public object CommandParameter
36 {
37 get { return GetValue(CommandParameterProperty); }
38 set { SetValue(CommandParameterProperty, value); }
39 }
40
41 public ICommand Command
42 {
43 get { return GetValue(CommandProperty) as ICommand; }
44 set { SetValue(CommandParameterProperty, value); }
45 }
46
47 #endregion
48 }
2 {
3 public static readonly DependencyProperty CommandProperty = DependencyProperty.Register( " Command " , typeof (ICommand), typeof (ExtendedInvokeCommandAction), new PropertyMetadata( null , CommandChangedCallback));
4 public static readonly DependencyProperty CommandParameterProperty = DependencyProperty.Register( " CommandParameter " , typeof ( object ), typeof (ExtendedInvokeCommandAction), new PropertyMetadata( null , CommandParameterChangedCallback));
5
6 private static void CommandParameterChangedCallback(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
7 {
8 var invokeCommand = d as ExtendedInvokeCommandAction;
9 if (invokeCommand != null )
10 invokeCommand.SetValue(CommandParameterProperty, e.NewValue);
11 }
12
13 private static void CommandChangedCallback(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
14 {
15 var invokeCommand = d as ExtendedInvokeCommandAction;
16 if (invokeCommand != null )
17 invokeCommand.SetValue(CommandProperty, e.NewValue);
18 }
19
20 protected override void Invoke( object parameter)
21 {
22 if ( this .Command == null )
23 return ;
24
25 if ( this .Command.CanExecute(parameter))
26 {
27 var commandParameter = new ExtendedCommandParameter(parameter as EventArgs, this .AssociatedObject,
28 GetValue(CommandParameterProperty));
29 this .Command.Execute(commandParameter);
30 }
31 }
32
33 #region public properties
34
35 public object CommandParameter
36 {
37 get { return GetValue(CommandParameterProperty); }
38 set { SetValue(CommandParameterProperty, value); }
39 }
40
41 public ICommand Command
42 {
43 get { return GetValue(CommandProperty) as ICommand; }
44 set { SetValue(CommandParameterProperty, value); }
45 }
46
47 #endregion
48 }
2、写一个类,包含的属性有事件源、EventArgs和对象,代码如下
1
public
class
ExtendedCommandParameter
2 {
3 public ExtendedCommandParameter(EventArgs eventArgs, FrameworkElement sender, object parameter)
4 {
5 EventArgs = eventArgs;
6 Sender = sender;
7 Parameter = parameter;
8 }
9
10 public EventArgs EventArgs { get ; private set ; }
11 public FrameworkElement Sender { get ; private set ; }
12 public object Parameter { get ; private set ; }
13 }
2 {
3 public ExtendedCommandParameter(EventArgs eventArgs, FrameworkElement sender, object parameter)
4 {
5 EventArgs = eventArgs;
6 Sender = sender;
7 Parameter = parameter;
8 }
9
10 public EventArgs EventArgs { get ; private set ; }
11 public FrameworkElement Sender { get ; private set ; }
12 public object Parameter { get ; private set ; }
13 }
3、为对象添加Behavior
在我的这个例子中,我对Rectangle添加新建的类ExtendedInvokeCommandAction(即Behavior)
4、在ViewModel层把这个Behavior绑定到Command上,在这Command上选择一个事件,通过Comman调用这个事件
在我这个例子中,在ViewModle层我把MouseMove事件绑定到MouseMoved Command上,另外,如果需要的话,可以把任何对象绑定到CommandParameter,在我这个例子中,我把此View(变量名为userControl)绑定到了CommandParameter(不是必须的)
1
2 < Rectangle Fill = " #FF9B9BC5 " Height = " 200 " Stroke = " Black " Width = " 200 " >
3 < i:Interaction.Triggers >
4 < i:EventTrigger EventName = " MouseMove " >
5 < local:ExtendedInvokeCommandAction
6 Command = " {Binding MouseMoved} "
7 CommandParameter = " {Binding ElementName=userControl} " />
8 </ i:EventTrigger >
9 </ i:Interaction.Triggers >
10 </ Rectangle >
11
2 < Rectangle Fill = " #FF9B9BC5 " Height = " 200 " Stroke = " Black " Width = " 200 " >
3 < i:Interaction.Triggers >
4 < i:EventTrigger EventName = " MouseMove " >
5 < local:ExtendedInvokeCommandAction
6 Command = " {Binding MouseMoved} "
7 CommandParameter = " {Binding ElementName=userControl} " />
8 </ i:EventTrigger >
9 </ i:Interaction.Triggers >
10 </ Rectangle >
11
5、在ViewModel层处理事件,代码如下
1
public
class
MainPageViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
2 {
3 public MainPageViewModel()
4 {
5 MouseMoved = new MainPageCommand( this ); // initialize the Command
6 }
7
8 // gets the position of the mouse
9 private void OnMouseMove(ExtendedCommandParameter commandParameter)
10 {
11 MouseEventArgs eventArgs;
12
13 // cast the EventArgs to the type you expect, according to the event you handle
14 // f.e. MouseMove Event gets you MouseEventArgs
15 // Click Event gets you RoutedEventArgs
16 if (commandParameter.EventArgs.GetType() == typeof (MouseEventArgs))
17 {
18 eventArgs = commandParameter.EventArgs as MouseEventArgs;
19 if (commandParameter.Parameter != null )
20 {
21 var view = commandParameter.Parameter as UIElement;
22 MousePosition = eventArgs.GetPosition(view).ToString();
23 }
24 }
25 }
26
27 public MainPageCommand MouseMoved { get ; set ; }
28 private string _mousePosition;
29 public string MousePosition
30 {
31 get { return _mousePosition; }
32 set { _mousePosition = value; OnPropertyChanged( " MousePosition " ); }
33 }
34
35 #region INotifyChanged Members
36
37 public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
38 internal void OnPropertyChanged( string propertyName)
39 {
40 if ( this .PropertyChanged != null )
41 {
42 this .PropertyChanged( this , new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
43 }
44 }
45
46 #endregion
47
48 #region command class
49
50 public class MainPageCommand : ICommand
51 {
52 public MainPageCommand(MainPageViewModel view)
53 {
54 _view = view;
55 }
56
57 private MainPageViewModel _view;
58
59 #region ICommand Members
60
61 public bool CanExecute( object parameter)
62 {
63 return true ;
64 }
65
66 public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged;
67
68 public void Execute( object parameter)
69 {
70 // call the method to handle the event
71 _view.OnMouseMove(parameter as ExtendedCommandParameter);
72 }
73
74 #endregion
75
76 }
77 #endregion
78
79 }
2 {
3 public MainPageViewModel()
4 {
5 MouseMoved = new MainPageCommand( this ); // initialize the Command
6 }
7
8 // gets the position of the mouse
9 private void OnMouseMove(ExtendedCommandParameter commandParameter)
10 {
11 MouseEventArgs eventArgs;
12
13 // cast the EventArgs to the type you expect, according to the event you handle
14 // f.e. MouseMove Event gets you MouseEventArgs
15 // Click Event gets you RoutedEventArgs
16 if (commandParameter.EventArgs.GetType() == typeof (MouseEventArgs))
17 {
18 eventArgs = commandParameter.EventArgs as MouseEventArgs;
19 if (commandParameter.Parameter != null )
20 {
21 var view = commandParameter.Parameter as UIElement;
22 MousePosition = eventArgs.GetPosition(view).ToString();
23 }
24 }
25 }
26
27 public MainPageCommand MouseMoved { get ; set ; }
28 private string _mousePosition;
29 public string MousePosition
30 {
31 get { return _mousePosition; }
32 set { _mousePosition = value; OnPropertyChanged( " MousePosition " ); }
33 }
34
35 #region INotifyChanged Members
36
37 public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
38 internal void OnPropertyChanged( string propertyName)
39 {
40 if ( this .PropertyChanged != null )
41 {
42 this .PropertyChanged( this , new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
43 }
44 }
45
46 #endregion
47
48 #region command class
49
50 public class MainPageCommand : ICommand
51 {
52 public MainPageCommand(MainPageViewModel view)
53 {
54 _view = view;
55 }
56
57 private MainPageViewModel _view;
58
59 #region ICommand Members
60
61 public bool CanExecute( object parameter)
62 {
63 return true ;
64 }
65
66 public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged;
67
68 public void Execute( object parameter)
69 {
70 // call the method to handle the event
71 _view.OnMouseMove(parameter as ExtendedCommandParameter);
72 }
73
74 #endregion
75
76 }
77 #endregion
78
79 }
如果需要,可以为每一个EventArgs建一个Behavior,只要把它绑定到Command上,然后Command代码中处理EventArgs就可以了