如何在 android 中做单元测试

单元测试是软件开发中一项用来保证软件质量的重要技术，单元测试的好处我的不说了，呵呵，前段时间我写了一个个税计算器，把里面的一些业务方法都写了单元测试，因为在网上这方面的资料不多，只好啃自带的文档，里面有些东西写的比较简单，真正在做单元测试的时候还有些不够用

package com.wnmc.android.test;

import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Spinner;

import com.wnmc.android.Culcultor;
import com.wnmc.android.R;

public class CulcultorTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<Culcultor> {

	private Culcultor mActivity;

	private EditText mTaxPayable;
	private EditText mTakeHomeMoney;
	private EditText mMoneyShouldPayTax;

	private EditText mTaxThreshold;
	private EditText mInsuranceAndPension;
	private EditText mIncome;
	private Button rest;
	private Button ok;

	private Spinner mIncomeType;

	public CulcultorTest() {
		super("com.wnmc.android.Culcultor", Culcultor.class);
	}

	@Override
	public Culcultor getActivity() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.getActivity();
	}

	@Override
	protected void setUp() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.setUp();
		mActivity = getActivity();
		mIncomeType = (Spinner) mActivity
				.findViewById(R.id.CategoriesOfIncome_type);
		mIncome = (EditText) mActivity.findViewById(R.id.income);
		rest = (Button) mActivity.findViewById(R.id.reset);
		ok = (Button) mActivity.findViewById(R.id.ok);
		mTaxThreshold = (EditText) mActivity.findViewById(R.id.tax_threshold);
		mInsuranceAndPension = (EditText) mActivity
				.findViewById(R.id.insurance_and_pension);

		mTaxPayable = (EditText) mActivity.findViewById(R.id.taxPayable);
		mTakeHomeMoney = (EditText) mActivity.findViewById(R.id.takehomemoney);
		mMoneyShouldPayTax = (EditText) mActivity
				.findViewById(R.id.money_should_payTax);
	}

	public void testPreconditions() {
		// assertTrue(resultViewStub != null);
		assertTrue(mIncome != null);
		assertTrue(mTaxThreshold != null);
		assertTrue(mInsuranceAndPension != null);
		assertTrue(mTaxPayable != null);
		assertTrue(mMoneyShouldPayTax != null);
		assertTrue(mTakeHomeMoney != null);
		// assertTrue(wagesAndSalariesViewStub!=null);
	}

	public void testWagesAndSalaries() {
		// 0~2000
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("1800");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals(0, mActivity.getType());
		// 2000~4000
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("2500");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("2475.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 4000~7000
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("6800");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("6205.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 7000~22000
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("20100");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("16855.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 22000~42000
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("39000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("31125.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

		// 42000~62000
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("58000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("44575.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

		// 62000~82000
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("74000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("55175.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

		// 82000~102000
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("98000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("69975.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 大于102000
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("150000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("98775.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
	}

	public void testSelfEmployedAndCommercial() {
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncomeType.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		// 选中Spinner下拉列表的第二项
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN);
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals(1, mActivity.getType());
		// 不超过5000元的
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("4500");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("4275.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 不超过10,000元
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("9000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("8350.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 不超过30,000元
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("23000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("19650.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 不超过50,000元
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("46000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("36450.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 超过50,000元
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("76000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("56150.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

	}

	public void providingServices() {
		// 选中Spinner下拉列表的第四项
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncomeType.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN);
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN);
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN);
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals(3, mActivity.getType());
		// 不超过20000元的
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("18000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("15120.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

		// 不超过50000元的
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("48000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("38480.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 超过50000元的
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("80000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("62800.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
	}

	public void testAuthorRemuneration() {
		// 选中Spinner下拉列表的第五项
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncomeType.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN);

		}
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals(4, mActivity.getType());

		// 不超过4000元
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("3900");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("3466.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 超过4000元
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("8900");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("7903.2", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

	}

	public void testRoyalites() {
		// 选中Spinner下拉列表的第六项
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncomeType.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
			this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN);

		}
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals(5, mActivity.getType());

		// 不超过4000元
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("3900");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("3280.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 超过4000元
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("8900");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("7476.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

	}

	public void testInterestDividendsBonuses() {
		// 选中Spinner下拉列表的第七项
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncomeType.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
			this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN);

		}
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals(6, mActivity.getType());

		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("8888");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("7110.4", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

	}

	public void testLeaseProperty() {
		// 选中Spinner下拉列表的第八项
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncomeType.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
			this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN);

		}
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals(7, mActivity.getType());
		// 不超过4000元
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("3400");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("2880.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());
		// 超过4000元
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("6400");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("5376.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

	}

	public void testTransferProperty() {
		// 选中Spinner下拉列表的第九项
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncomeType.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
			this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN);

		}
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals(8, mActivity.getType());
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("50000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("40000.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

	}

	public void testIncidentalIncome() {
		// 选中Spinner下拉列表的第十项
		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncomeType.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
			this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN);

		}
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals(9, mActivity.getType());

		mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				mIncome.setText("50000");
				ok.requestFocus();
			}
		});
		this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER);
		assertEquals("40000.0", mTakeHomeMoney.getText().toString());

	}

	@Override
	protected void tearDown() throws Exception {

		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.tearDown();
	}

}

这是我为个税器写的部分单元测试代码，还在不断完善当中，要参考原项目，请自己去下载