matplotlib_堆积&并列

堆积条形图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False  # 用来正常显示负号
x=[1,2,3,4,5]
y=[6,10,4,5,1]
y1=[2,6,3,8,5]
plt.bar(x,y,color="#66c2a5",tick_label=list("ABCDE"),label="班级A")
plt.bar(x,y1,color="#8da0cb",bottom=y,label="班级B")
plt.xlabel("测试难度")
plt.ylabel("试卷份数")
plt.legend()
plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False  # 用来正常显示负号
x=[1,2,3,4,5]
y=[6,10,4,5,1]
y1=[2,6,3,8,5]
plt.barh(x,y,color="#66c2a5",tick_label=list("ABCDE"),label="班级A")
plt.barh(x,y1,color="#8da0cb",left=y,label="班级B")
plt.xlabel("测试难度")
plt.ylabel("试卷份数")
plt.legend()
plt.show()

并列条形图

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False  # 用来正常显示负号
x=np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
y=[6,10,4,5,1]
y1=[2,6,3,8,5]
bar_width=0.4
tick_label=list("ABCDE")
plt.bar(x,y,color="#66c2a5",label="班级A",width=bar_width)
plt.bar(x+bar_width,y1,color="#8da0cb",label="班级B",width=bar_width)
plt.xlabel("测试难度")
plt.ylabel("试卷份数")
plt.legend()
plt.xticks(x+bar_width/2,tick_label)
plt.show()

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False  # 用来正常显示负号
x=np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
y=[6,10,4,5,1]
y1=[2,6,3,8,5]
bar_heigth=0.4
tick_label=list("ABCDE")
plt.barh(x,y,color="#66c2a5",label="班级A",height=bar_heigth)
plt.barh(x+bar_heigth,y1,color="#8da0cb",label="班级B",height=bar_heigth)
plt.xlabel("测试难度")
plt.ylabel("试卷份数")
plt.legend()
plt.yticks(x+bar_heigth/2,tick_label)
plt.show()

堆积直方图

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False  # 用来正常显示负号
x=[np.random.randint(0,100,100),np.random.randint(0,100,100)]
colors=["#66c2a5","#8da0cb"]
labels=["班级A","班级B"]
plt.hist(x,bins=range(0,101,10),color=colors,stacked=True,label=labels,histtype="bar",rwidth=10)
plt.xlabel("测试难度")
plt.ylabel("试卷份数")
plt.legend()
plt.show()

并列直方图

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False  # 用来正常显示负号
x=[np.random.randint(0,100,100),np.random.randint(0,100,100)]
colors=["#66c2a5","#8da0cb"]
labels=["班级A","班级B"]
plt.hist(x,bins=range(0,101,10),color=colors,label=labels,histtype="bar",rwidth=10)
plt.xlabel("测试难度")
plt.ylabel("试卷份数")
plt.legend()
plt.show()

堆积饼图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']

#数据集，x1,x2分别对应外部、内部百分比例
x1=[20,30,15,20,15]
x2=[30,25,15,20,10]

#设置饼状图各个区块的颜色
color=['aqua','linen','lightcoral','olive','gold']

plt.pie(x1,autopct='%.1f',radius=1,pctdistance=0.85,colors=color,wedgeprops=dict(linewidth=2,width=0.3,edgecolor='w'))
plt.pie(x2,autopct='%.1f',radius=0.7,pctdistance=0.7,colors=color,wedgeprops=dict(linewidth=2,width=0.4,edgecolor='w'))
#图例
legend_text=['面粉','砂糖','奶油','坚果','水']
plt.legend(legend_text,title='配料表',bbox_to_anchor=(1.22,0.8))

plt.show()


'''
wedgeprops:字典，绘制饼图的中心区域
wedgeprops=dict(linewidth=2,width=0.4,edgecolor='w')
linewidth：中心区域与外圆环的距离
width：外环占圆的百分比
edgecolor：中心区域的颜色
'''