一 对数据库集合进行查询
数据库database中的集合collection名称为test
插入文档document
db.test.insert({name:'hua',gender:'male',age:20,address:'wh'})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.test.insert({name:'yh',gender:'male',age:30,address:'wh'})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.test.insert({name:'zxy',gender:'female',age:35,address:'wh'})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.test.insert({name:'yzz',gender:'female',age:18,address:'bj'})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.test.insert({name:'yzz',gender:'male',age:28,address:'bj'})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.test.insert({name:'zys',gender:'male',age:28,address:'bj'})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.test.insert({name:'ljy',gender:'male',age:40,address:'sh'})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.test.insert({name:'jxx',gender:'female',age:38,address:'sh'})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
1.查询方法 关键字 find() findOne()
> db.test.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f95179e1221b7ffcd13dfd8"), "name" : "hua", "gender" : "male", "age" : 20, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517ac1221b7ffcd13dfd9"), "name" : "yh", "gender" : "male", "age" : 30, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"), "name" : "zxy", "gender" : "female", "age" : 35, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517fa1221b7ffcd13dfdd"), "name" : "zys", "gender" : "male", "age" : 28, "address" : "bj" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518091221b7ffcd13dfde"), "name" : "ljy" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"), "name" : "jxx", "gender" : "female", "age" : 38, "address" : "sh" }
> db.test.find().pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5f95179e1221b7ffcd13dfd8"),
"name" : "hua",
"gender" : "male",
"age" : 20,
"address" : "wh"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5f9517ac1221b7ffcd13dfd9"),
"name" : "yh",
"gender" : "male",
"age" : 30,
"address" : "wh"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"),
"name" : "zxy",
"gender" : "female",
"age" : 35,
"address" : "wh"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5f9517fa1221b7ffcd13dfdd"),
"name" : "zys",
"gender" : "male",
"age" : 28,
"address" : "bj"
}
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518091221b7ffcd13dfde"), "name" : "ljy" }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"),
"name" : "jxx",
"gender" : "female",
"age" : 38,
"address" : "sh"
}
> db.test.findOne({age:{$gt:30}})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"),
"name" : "zxy",
"gender" : "female",
"age" : 35,
"address" : "wh"
}
2.集合中的比较运算符
> db.test.find({age:{$lt:30}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f95179e1221b7ffcd13dfd8"), "name" : "hua", "gender" : "male", "age" : 20, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517fa1221b7ffcd13dfdd"), "name" : "zys", "gender" : "male", "age" : 28, "address" : "bj" }
> db.test.find({age:{$lt:30}}).count()
2
> db.test.find({age:{$gt:35}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"), "name" : "jxx", "gender" : "female", "age" : 38, "address" : "sh" }
> db.test.find({age:{$gte:35}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"), "name" : "zxy", "gender" : "female", "age" : 35, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"), "name" : "jxx", "gender" : "female", "age" : 38, "address" : "sh" }
> db.test.find({age:{$ne:40}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f95179e1221b7ffcd13dfd8"), "name" : "hua", "gender" : "male", "age" : 20, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517ac1221b7ffcd13dfd9"), "name" : "yh", "gender" : "male", "age" : 30, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"), "name" : "zxy", "gender" : "female", "age" : 35, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517fa1221b7ffcd13dfdd"), "name" : "zys", "gender" : "male", "age" : 28, "address" : "bj" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518091221b7ffcd13dfde"), "name" : "ljy" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"), "name" : "jxx", "gender" : "female", "age" : 38, "address" : "sh" }
3.范围运算符
4.逻辑运算符
and or的用法
5.正则表达式
查找姓名中包含要查询的字的信息
db.test.find({name:/a/})
db.test.find({name:/^h/})
db.test.find({name:/y$/})
db.test.find({name:{$regex:/y$/}})
6.limit 和skip方法
7.自定义查询
db.test.find({$where:function(){return this.age>25}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517ac1221b7ffcd13dfd9"), "name" : "yh", "gender" : "male", "age" : 30, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"), "name" : "zxy", "gender" : "female", "age" : 35, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517fa1221b7ffcd13dfdd"), "name" : "zys", "gender" : "male", "age" : 28, "address" : "bj" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"), "name" : "jxx", "gender" : "female", "age" : 38, "address" : "sh" }
db.test.find({$where:function(){
return this.age>30 && this.gender=='female'
}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"), "name" : "zxy", "gender" : "female", "age" : 35, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"), "name" : "jxx", "gender" : "female", "age" : 38, "address" : "sh" }
db.test.find({$where:function(){
return this.age>=30 || this.gender=='male'
}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f95179e1221b7ffcd13dfd8"), "name" : "hua", "gender" : "male", "age" : 20, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517ac1221b7ffcd13dfd9"), "name" : "yh", "gender" : "male", "age" : 30, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"), "name" : "zxy", "gender" : "female", "age" : 35, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517fa1221b7ffcd13dfdd"), "name" : "zys", "gender" : "male", "age" : 28, "address" : "bj" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"), "name" : "jxx", "gender" : "female", "age" : 38, "address" : "sh" }
8.投影
9.排序
db.test.find().sort({age:1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518091221b7ffcd13dfde"), "name" : "ljy" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f95179e1221b7ffcd13dfd8"), "name" : "hua", "gender" : "male", "age" : 20, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517fa1221b7ffcd13dfdd"), "name" : "zys", "gender" : "male", "age" : 28, "address" : "bj" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517ac1221b7ffcd13dfd9"), "name" : "yh", "gender" : "male", "age" : 30, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"), "name" : "zxy", "gender" : "female", "age" : 35, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"), "name" : "jxx", "gender" : "female", "age" : 38, "address" : "sh" }
db.test.find().sort({age:-1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"), "name" : "jxx", "gender" : "female", "age" : 38, "address" : "sh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"), "name" : "zxy", "gender" : "female", "age" : 35, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517ac1221b7ffcd13dfd9"), "name" : "yh", "gender" : "male", "age" : 30, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517fa1221b7ffcd13dfdd"), "name" : "zys", "gender" : "male", "age" : 28, "address" : "bj" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f95179e1221b7ffcd13dfd8"), "name" : "hua", "gender" : "male", "age" : 20, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518091221b7ffcd13dfde"), "name" : "ljy" }
db.test.find().sort({name:1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f95179e1221b7ffcd13dfd8"), "name" : "hua", "gender" : "male", "age" : 20, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518181221b7ffcd13dfdf"), "name" : "jxx", "gender" : "female", "age" : 38, "address" : "sh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9518091221b7ffcd13dfde"), "name" : "ljy" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517ac1221b7ffcd13dfd9"), "name" : "yh", "gender" : "male", "age" : 30, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517bc1221b7ffcd13dfda"), "name" : "zxy", "gender" : "female", "age" : 35, "address" : "wh" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5f9517fa1221b7ffcd13dfdd"), "name" : "zys", "gender" : "male", "age" : 28, "address" : "bj" }