selenium获取下拉框选项

今天总结下selenium的下拉选择框。我们通常会遇到两种下拉框，一种使用的是html的标签select，另一种是使用input标签做的假下拉框。

后者我们通常的处理方式与其他的元素类似，点击或使用JS等。而对于前者，selenium给了有力的支持，就是Select类。

我们要进行试验的网站：http://sahitest.com/demo/selectTest.htm

网页与源码截图如下：

1.导入（import）

你可以用以下方式导入：

<code class="hljs oxygene has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> selenium.webdriver.support.ui import <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Select</span>
# 或者直接从<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span>导入
# <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> selenium.webdriver.support.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> import <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Select</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

这两种方法没有本质的区别，你如果去看ui库，你会发现，它也只是把select import进去。

2.选择（select）

Select类提供了三种选择某一选项的方法：

<code class="hljs erlang has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">select_by_index</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(index)</span>
<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">select_by_value</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(value)</span>
<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">select_by_visible_text</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(text)</span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

针对于示例网站中的第一个select框：

<code class="hljs ocaml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><select id=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"s1Id"</span>>
<<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">option</span>></<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">option</span>>
<<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">option</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"o1"</span> id=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"id1"</span>>o1</<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">option</span>>
<<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">option</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"o2"</span> id=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"id2"</span>>o2</<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">option</span>>
<<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">option</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"o3"</span> id=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"id3"</span>>o3</<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">option</span>>
</select></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

我们可以这样定位：

<code class="hljs python has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> selenium <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> webdriverd
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> selenium.webdriver.support.ui <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> Select

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'http://sahitest.com/demo/selectTest.htm'</span>)

s1 = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'s1Id'</span>))  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 实例化Select</span>

s1.select_by_index(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 选择第二项选项：o1</span>
s1.select_by_value(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"o2"</span>)  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 选择value="o2"的项</span>
s1.select_by_visible_text(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"o3"</span>)  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 选择text="o3"的值，即在下拉时我们可以看到的文本</span>

driver.quit()</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul>

以上是三种选择下拉框的方式，注意：

1. index从 0 开始
2. value是option标签的一个属性值，并不是显示在下拉框中的值
3. visible_text是在option标签中间的值，是显示在下拉框的值

3.反选（deselect）

自然的，有选择必然有反选，即取消选择。Select提供了四个方法给我们取消原来的选择：

<code class="hljs erlang has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">deselect_by_index</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(index)</span>
<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">deselect_by_value</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(value)</span>
<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">deselect_by_visible_text</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(text)</span>
<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">deselect_all</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">()</span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

前三种分别于select相对应，第四种是全部取消选择，是的，你没看错，是全部取消。有一种特殊的select标签，即设置了multiple=”multiple”属性的select，这种select框是可以多选的，你可以通过多次select，选择多项选项，而通过deselect_all()来将他们全部取消。

全选？NO，不好意思，没有全选，不过我想这难不倒你，尤其是看了下面的这几个属性。

4.选项（options）

当我们选择了选项之后，想要看看选择的是哪项，所选的是否是我想选的，怎么办？别担心，Select为你提供了相应的方法（或者应该说是属性了）：

<code class="hljs apache has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">options</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">all_selected_options</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">first_selected_option</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

上面三个属性，分别返回这个select元素所有的options、所有被选中的options以及第一个被选中的option。

1 想查看一个select所有的选项

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>

s1 = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'s1Id'</span>))

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> select <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">in</span> s1.options:
    print select.text

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>

结果：

<code class="hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">
o1
o2
o3</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

一共四项，第一项为空字符串。

2 想查看我已选中的选项

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>

s4 = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'s4Id'</span>))

s4.select_by_index(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)
s4.select_by_value(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"o2val"</span>)
s4.select_by_visible_text(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"With spaces"</span>)
s4.select_by_visilbe_text(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"    With nbsp"</span>)

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> select <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">in</span> s4.all_selected_options:
    print select.text

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul>

结果：

<code class="hljs mathematica has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">o1
o2
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">With</span> spaces
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">With</span> nbsp</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

输出所有被选中的选项，适合于能多选的框，仅能单选的下拉框有更合适的方法（当然用这种方法也可以）。这里需要注意的是两种不同空格的选择：

1. 空格’ ‘，这种在以visible_text的方式选择时，不计空格，从第一个非空格字符开始
2. 网页空格& nbsp;，对于这种以nbsp为空格的选项，在以visible_text的方式选择时，需要考虑前面的空格，每一个nbsp是一个空格

3 想要查看选择框的默认值，或者我以及选中的值

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>

s2 = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'s2Id'</span>))

print s2.first_selected_option.text

s2.select_by_value(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"o2"</span>)
print s2.first_selected_option.text

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

结果：

<code class="hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">
o2</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

第一行输出默认选项的文本——空字符串”“；第二行输出选中的选择的文本——”o2”。

5.总结

• Select提供了三种选择方法：

  select_by_index(index) ——通过选项的顺序，第一个为 0 
  select_by_value(value) ——通过value属性 
  select_by_visible_text(text) ——通过选项可见文本

• 同时，Select提供了四种方法取消选择：

  deselect_by_index(index) 
  deselect_by_value(value) 
  deselect_by_visible_text(text) 
  deselect_all()

• 此外，Select提供了三个属性方法给我们必要的信息：

  options ——提供所有的选项的列表，其中都是选项的WebElement元素 
  all_selected_options ——提供所有被选中的选项的列表，其中也均为选项的WebElement元素 
  first_selected_option ——提供第一个被选中的选项，也是下拉框的默认值

• 通过Select提供的方法和属性，我们可以对标准select下拉框进行任何操作，但是对于非select标签的伪下拉框，就需要用其他的方法了，这个有机会再讨论。