整合策略
SSM = Spring + SpringMVC + JPA= (Spring + JPA)+ SpringMVC
先整合 Spring + JPA
然后再整合 SpringMVC
JPA整合Spring
- 整合目标
- 创建工程导入坐标(Java框架于我们而言就是一堆jar)
- 配置 Spring 的配置文件(配置指定框架执行的细节)
- 编写实体类 Resume,使用 JPA 注解配置映射关系
- 编写一个符合 Spring Data JPA 的 Dao 层接口(ResumeDao接口)
- 操作 ResumeDao 接口对象完成 Dao 层开发
- 整合所需 Jar 分析
- Junit测试jar(4.12版本)
- spring-data-jpa的jar(3.4.5)
- Spring相关jar(spring-context、spring-test、spring-jdbc、spring-tx、spring-aop)
- spring对orm框架的支持包
- hibernate相关jar包
- hibernate对jpa的实现jar
- Mysql数据库驱动jar
- Druid数据库连接池的jar
- 整合后的 Pom 坐标
<!--junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring相关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.1.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.1.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.1.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--hibernate相关jar包,start-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.4.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!--hibernate对jpa的实现jar-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>5.4.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.4.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring-data-jpa 需要引入的jar,start-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
<version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1-b04</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring-data-jpa 需要引入的jar,end-->
<!--数据库驱动jar-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.46</version>
</dependency>
<!--druid连接池-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.21</version>
</dependency>
- jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
- Spring 配置文件
- applicationContext-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
https://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd
">
<!--包扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.rpp.dao"/>
<!--对Spring和SpringDataJPA进行配置-->
<!-- 创建数据库连接池druid-->
<!--引入外部资源文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!--第三方jar中的bean定义在xml中-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!--配置一个JPA中非常重要的对象,entityManagerFactory
entityManager类似于mybatis中的SqlSession
entityManagerFactory类似于Mybatis中的SqlSessionFactory
-->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<!--配置数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--配置包扫描(pojo实体类所在的包)-->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.rpp.pojo"/>
<!--指定jpa的具体实现,也就是hibernate-->
<property name="persistenceProvider">
<bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider"></bean>
</property>
<!--jpa方言配置,不同的jpa实现对于类似于beginTransaction等细节实现起来是不一样的,
所以传入JpaDialect具体的实现类-->
<property name="jpaDialect">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect"></bean>
</property>
<!--配置具体provider,hibearnte框架的执行细节-->
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<!--
配置数据表是否自动创建
因为我们会建立pojo和数据表之间的映射关系
程序启动时,如果数据表还没有创建,是否要程序给创建一下
-->
<property name="generateDdl" value="false"/>
<!--
指定数据库的类型
hibernate本身是个dao层框架,可以支持多种数据库类型的,这里就指定本次使用的什么数据库
-->
<property name="database" value="MYSQL"/>
<!--
配置数据库的方言
hiberante可以帮助我们拼装sql语句,但是不同的数据库sql语法是不同的,所以需要我们注入具体的数据库方言
-->
<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"/>
<!--是否显示sql
操作数据库时,是否打印sql
-->
<property name="showSql" value="true"/>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<!--引用上面创建的entityManagerFactory
<jpa:repositories> 配置jpa的dao层细节
base-package:指定dao层接口所在包
-->
<jpa:repositories base-package="com.rpp.dao" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"
transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
- applicationContext-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
">
<!--包扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.rpp.service"/>
<!--事务管理器配置
jdbcTemplate/mybatis 使用的是DataSourceTransactionManager
jpa规范:JpaTransactionManager
-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>
<!--事务管理注解驱动-->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
- 编写实体类 Resume,使用 JPA 注解配置映射关系
/**
* 实体类和数据表映射关系
* @Entity
* @Table
* 2、实体类属性和表字段的映射关系
* @Id 标识主键
* @GeneratedValue 标识主键的生成策略
* @Column 建立属性和字段映射
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "tbl_resume")
public class Resume {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "id")
private Long id;
@Column(name = "name")
private String name;
@Column(name = "address")
private String address;
@Column(name = "phone")
private String phone;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Resume{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
", phone='" + phone + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
- 编写 ResumeDao 接口
/**
* 一个符合SpringDataJpa要求的Dao层接口是需要继承JpaRepository和JpaSpecificationExecutor
* paRepository<操作的实体类类型,主键类型> 封装了基本的CRUD操作
* JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类类型> 封装了复杂的查询(分⻚、排序等
*/
public interface ResumeDao extends JpaRepository<Resume, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Resume> {
@Query("from Resume where id=?1 and name=?2")
List<Resume> findByJpql(Long id, String name);
/**
* 使用原生sql语句查询,需要将nativeQuery属性设置为true,默认为false(jpql)
*
* @param name
* @param address
* @return
*/
@Query(value = "select * from tb_resume where name like ?1 and address like ?2", nativeQuery = true)
List<Resume> findBySql(String name, String address);
/**
* 方法命名规则查询,按照name模糊查询(like)
* 方法名以findBy开头
* -属性名(首字母大写)
* -查询方式(模糊查询、等价查询),如果不写查询方式,默认等价查询
*
* @param name
* @param address
* @return
*/
List<Resume> findByNameLikeAndAddress(String name, String address);
}
- 测试程序
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:application*.xml"})
public class JpaSpringTest {
@Autowired
private ResumeDao resumeDao;
@Test
public void testFindById() throws Exception {
Optional<Resume> optional = resumeDao.findById(1l);
Resume resume = optional.get();
System.out.println(resume);
}
}
整合SpringMVC
- 引入pom坐标
<!--SpringMVC-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--jsp-api&servlet-api-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--页面使用jstl表达式-->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--json数据交互所需jar,start-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
- 配置springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
">
<!--扫描controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.rpp.controller"/>
<!--配置springmvc注解驱动,自动注册合适的组件handlerMapping和handlerAdapter-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--配置springmvc的视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--静态资源位置-->
<mvc:resources location="/WEB-INF/jsp/" mapping="/jsp/**"/>
<mvc:resources location="/WEB-INF/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
<mvc:resources location="/WEB-INF/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!--配置当前拦截器的url拦截规则,**代表当前目录下及其子目录下的所有url-->
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<!--exclude-mapping可以在mapping的基础上排除一些url拦截-->
<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/user/login"/>
<bean class="com.rpp.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
</beans>
- 配置web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--配置文件位置-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- <context-param>-->
<!-- <param-name>contextClass</param-name>-->
<!-- <param-value></param-value>-->
<!-- </context-param>-->
<!--spring框架启动-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--springmvc启动-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
乱码问题解决
- Post请求乱码,web.xml中加入过滤器
<!-- 解决post乱码问题 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<!-- 设置编码参是UTF8 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
- Get请求乱码(Get请求乱码需要修改tomcat下server.xml的配置)
<Connector URIEncoding="utf-8" connectionTimeout="20000" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/>