背景
众所周知,Flomesh 的服务网格产品 osm-edge[1] 是基于 SMI(Service Mesh Interface,服务网格接口) 标准的实现。SMI 定义了流量标识、访问控制、遥测和管理的规范。在 上一篇 中,我们体验过了多集群服务(Multi-Cluster Service,MCS),以及流量在多集群中的调度策略,属于最基本最基础的能力,这篇会带大家体验一下基于 SMI 实现的跨集群访问控制。
在开始之前,先回顾一下 SMI 访问控制的规范[2]。在 osm-edge 中的 流量策略有两种形式[3]:宽松模式 和 流量策略模式。前者允许网格中的服务互相访问,后者需要提供相应的流量策略才可以访问。
SMI 访问控制策略
在流量策略模式下,SMI 通过 CRD TrafficTarget
来定义基于 ServiceAccount
的访问控制,其中定义了流量源(sources
)、目标(destinations
)以及规则(rules
)。表达的是使用 sources
中指定 ServiceAccount
的应用可以访问 destinations
指定 ServiceAccount
的应用,可访问的流量由 rules
指定。
比如下面的示例,表示的是使用 ServiceAccount
promethues
运行的负载,发送 GET
请求到使用 ServiceAccount
service-a
运行的负载的 /metrics
端点。HTTPRouteGroup
定义了流量的标识:即访问端点 /metrics
的 GET
请求。
kind: HTTPRouteGroup
metadata:
name: the-routes
spec:
matches:
- name: metrics
pathRegex: "/metrics"
methods:
- GET
---
kind: TrafficTarget
metadata:
name: path-specific
namespace: default
spec:
destination:
kind: ServiceAccount
name: service-a
namespace: default
rules:
- kind: HTTPRouteGroup
name: the-routes
matches:
- metrics
sources:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: prometheus
namespace: default
那么在多集群中,访问控制的表现如何呢?
FSM 的 ServiceExport
FSM 的 ServiceExport
用于导出服务到其他集群,也就是服务注册的过程。ServiceExport
的字段 spec.serviceAccountName
可以用来指定服务负载使用的 ServiceAccount
。
apiVersion: flomesh.io/v1alpha1
kind: ServiceExport
metadata:
namespace: httpbin
name: httpbin
spec:
serviceAccountName: "*"
rules:
- portNumber: 8080
path: "/cluster-1/httpbin-mesh"
pathType: Prefix
接下来,我们在上次的环境基础上开始演示,没有看过上一篇的小伙伴可以参考 上一篇 来搭建环境。
部署应用
部署示例应用
在集群 cluster-1
和 cluster-3
的 httpbin
命名空间(由网格管理,会注入 sidecar)下,部署 httpbin
应用。这里我们指定 ServiceAccount
为 httpbin
。
export NAMESPACE=httpbin
for CLUSTER_NAME in cluster-1 cluster-3
do
kubectx k3d-${CLUSTER_NAME}
kubectl create namespace ${NAMESPACE}
osm namespace add ${NAMESPACE}
kubectl apply -n ${NAMESPACE} -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: httpbin
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: httpbin
labels:
app: pipy
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: pipy
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: pipy
spec:
serviceAccountName: httpbin
containers:
- name: pipy
image: flomesh/pipy:latest
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
command:
- pipy
- -e
- |
pipy()
.listen(8080)
.serveHTTP(new Message('Hi, I am from ${CLUSTER_NAME} and controlled by mesh!\n'))
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: httpbin
spec:
ports:
- port: 8080
targetPort: 8080
protocol: TCP
selector:
app: pipy
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: httpbin-${CLUSTER_NAME}
spec:
ports:
- port: 8080
targetPort: 8080
protocol: TCP
selector:
app: pipy
EOF
sleep 3
kubectl wait --for=condition=ready pod -n ${NAMESPACE} --all --timeout=60s
done
在 cluster-2
的命名空间 httpbin
下 部署 httpbin
应用,但不指定 ServiceAccount
,使用默认的 ServiceAccount
default
。
export NAMESPACE=httpbin
export CLUSTER_NAME=cluster-2
kubectx k3d-${CLUSTER_NAME}
kubectl create namespace ${NAMESPACE}
osm namespace add ${NAMESPACE}
kubectl apply -n ${NAMESPACE} -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: httpbin
labels:
app: pipy
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: pipy
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: pipy
spec:
containers:
- name: pipy
image: flomesh/pipy:latest
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
command:
- pipy
- -e
- |
pipy()
.listen(8080)
.serveHTTP(new Message('Hi, I am from ${CLUSTER_NAME}! and controlled by mesh!\n'))
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: httpbin
spec:
ports:
- port: 8080
targetPort: 8080
protocol: TCP
selector:
app: pipy
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: httpbin-${CLUSTER_NAME}
spec:
ports:
- port: 8080
targetPort: 8080
protocol: TCP
selector:
app: pipy
EOF
sleep 3
kubectl wait --for=condition=ready pod -n ${NAMESPACE} --all --timeout=60s
在集群 cluster-2
的命名空间 curl
下部署 curl
应用,这个命名空间是被网格管理的,注入的 sidecar 会完全流量的跨集群调度。这里指定使用 ServiceAccout
curl
。
export NAMESPACE=curl
kubectx k3d-cluster-2
kubectl create namespace ${NAMESPACE}
osm namespace add ${NAMESPACE}
kubectl apply -n ${NAMESPACE} -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: curl
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: curl
labels:
app: curl
service: curl
spec:
ports:
- name: http
port: 80
selector:
app: curl
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: curl
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: curl
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: curl
spec:
serviceAccountName: curl
containers:
- image: curlimages/curl
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: curl
command: ["sleep", "365d"]
EOF
sleep 3
kubectl wait --for=condition=ready pod -n ${NAMESPACE} --all --timeout=60s
导出服务
export NAMESPACE_MESH=httpbin
for CLUSTER_NAME in cluster-1 cluster-3
do
kubectx k3d-${CLUSTER_NAME}
kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: flomesh.io/v1alpha1
kind: ServiceExport
metadata:
namespace: ${NAMESPACE_MESH}
name: httpbin
spec:
serviceAccountName: "httpbin"
rules:
- portNumber: 8080
path: "/${CLUSTER_NAME}/httpbin-mesh"
pathType: Prefix
---
apiVersion: flomesh.io/v1alpha1
kind: ServiceExport
metadata:
namespace: ${NAMESPACE_MESH}
name: httpbin-${CLUSTER_NAME}
spec:
serviceAccountName: "httpbin"
rules:
- portNumber: 8080
path: "/${CLUSTER_NAME}/httpbin-mesh-${CLUSTER_NAME}"
pathType: Prefix
EOF
sleep 1
done
测试
我们切换回集群 cluster-2
:
kubectx k3d-cluster-2
默认路由类型是 Locality
,我们需要创建一个 ActiveActive
策略,来允许使用其他集群的服务实例来处理请求。
kubectl apply -n httpbin -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: flomesh.io/v1alpha1
kind: GlobalTrafficPolicy
metadata:
name: httpbin
spec:
lbType: ActiveActive
targets:
- clusterKey: default/default/default/cluster-1
- clusterKey: default/default/default/cluster-3
EOF
在 cluster-2
集群的 curl
应用中, 我们向 httpbin.httpbin
发送请求。
curl_client="$(kubectl get pod -n curl -l app=curl -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')"
kubectl exec "${curl_client}" -n curl -c curl -- curl -s http://httpbin.httpbin:8080/
多请求几次会看到如下的响应:
Hi, I am from cluster-1 and controlled by mesh!
Hi, I am from cluster-2 and controlled by mesh!
Hi, I am from cluster-3 and controlled by mesh!
Hi, I am from cluster-1 and controlled by mesh!
Hi, I am from cluster-2 and controlled by mesh!
Hi, I am from cluster-3 and controlled by mesh!
演示
调整流量策略模式
我们先将集群 cluster-2
的流量策略模式调整下,这样才能应用流量策略:
kubectx k3d-cluster-2
export osm_namespace=osm-system
kubectl patch meshconfig osm-mesh-config -n "$osm_namespace" -p '{"spec":{"traffic":{"enablePermissiveTrafficPolicyMode":false}}}' --type=merge
此时,再尝试发送请求,会发现请求失败。因为在流量策略模式下,没有配置策略的话应用间的互访是被禁止的。
kubectl exec "${curl_client}" -n curl -c curl -- curl -s http://httpbin.httpbin:8080/
command terminated with exit code 52
应用访问控制策略
文章开头介绍 SMI 的访问控制策略时有提到是基于 ServiceAccount
的,这就是为什么我们部署的 httpbin
服务在集群 cluster-1
、cluster-3
与集群 cluster-2
中使用的 ServiceAccount
不同:
• cluster-1:
httpbin
• cluster-2:
default
• clsuter-3:
httpbin
接下来,我们会为集群内和集群外的服务,分别设置不同的访问控制策略 TrafficTarget
,通过在 TrafficTarget
中目标负载的 ServiceAccount
来进行区分。
执行下面的命令,创建流量策略 curl-to-httpbin
,允许 curl
访问命名空间 httpbin
下使用 ServiceAccount
default
的负载。
kubectl apply -n httpbin -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: specs.smi-spec.io/v1alpha4
kind: HTTPRouteGroup
metadata:
name: httpbin-route
spec:
matches:
- name: all
pathRegex: "/"
methods:
- GET
---
kind: TrafficTarget
apiVersion: access.smi-spec.io/v1alpha3
metadata:
name: curl-to-httpbin
spec:
destination:
kind: ServiceAccount
name: default
namespace: httpbin
rules:
- kind: HTTPRouteGroup
name: httpbin-route
matches:
- all
sources:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: curl
namespace: curl
EOF
多次发送请求尝试,集群 cluster-2
的服务都会做出响应,而集群 cluster-1
和 cluster-3
不会参与服务。
Hi, I am from cluster-2 and controlled by mesh!
Hi, I am from cluster-2 and controlled by mesh!
Hi, I am from cluster-2 and controlled by mesh!
执行下面命令检查 ServiceImports
,可以看到 cluster-1
和 cluster-3
导出的服务使用的是 ServiceAccount
httpbin
。
kubectl get serviceimports httpbin -n httpbin -o jsonpath='{.spec}' | jq
{
"ports": [
{
"endpoints": [
{
"clusterKey": "default/default/default/cluster-1",
"target": {
"host": "192.168.1.110",
"ip": "192.168.1.110",
"path": "/cluster-1/httpbin-mesh",
"port": 81
}
},
{
"clusterKey": "default/default/default/cluster-3",
"target": {
"host": "192.168.1.110",
"ip": "192.168.1.110",
"path": "/cluster-3/httpbin-mesh",
"port": 83
}
}
],
"port": 8080,
"protocol": "TCP"
}
],
"serviceAccountName": "httpbin",
"type": "ClusterSetIP"
}
因此,我们创建另一个 TrafficTarget
curl-to-ext-httpbin
,允许 curl
访问使用 ServiceAccount
httpbin
的负载。
kubectl apply -n httpbin -f - <<EOF
kind: TrafficTarget
apiVersion: access.smi-spec.io/v1alpha3
metadata:
name: curl-to-ext-httpbin
spec:
destination:
kind: ServiceAccount
name: httpbin
namespace: httpbin
rules:
- kind: HTTPRouteGroup
name: httpbin-route
matches:
- all
sources:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: curl
namespace: curl
EOF
应用策略后,再测试一下,所有请求都成功。
Hi, I am from cluster-2 and controlled by mesh!
Hi, I am from cluster-1 and controlled by mesh!
Hi, I am from cluster-3 and controlled by mesh!
总结
MCS(Multi-cluster Service)API 的实现目标是能够像 Service 一样,使用其他集群的服务。虽然在 Kubernetes 本身实现还有漫长的路要走,但作为 SMI 标准实现的服务网格来说,可以将其视作 Service 一样来进行操作。
就如本篇的访问控制一样,SMI 的流量拆分一样也可以支持多集群的服务。预告一下,下一篇就为大家介绍多集群服务的流量拆分。
引用链接
[1]
osm-edge: https://github.com/flomesh-io/osm-edge[2]
SMI 访问控制的规范: https://github.com/servicemeshinterface/smi-spec/blob/main/apis/traffic-access/v1alpha3/traffic-access.md[3]
流量策略有两种形式: https://osm-edge-docs.flomesh.io/docs/getting_started/traffic_policies/