数据库Excel导出操作代码过于冗长惨不忍睹,无法复用。
目录
依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
<artifactId>easypoi-base</artifactId>
<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
<artifactId>easypoi-web</artifactId>
<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
<artifactId>easypoi-annotation</artifactId>
<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>
注解配合工具类做了个小工具如下:
第一步：自定义注解:
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* 自定义导出Excel数据注解
*
* @author sunziwen
* @version 1.0
* @date 2018-12-29 15:00
**/
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
public @interface Excel {
/**
* 导出到Excel中的名字.
*/
public String name();
/**
* 日期格式, 如: yyyy-MM-dd
*/
public String dateFormat() default "";
/**
* 读取内容转表达式 (如: 0=男,1=女,2=未知)
*/
public String readConverterExp() default "";
/**
* 导出时在excel中每个列的高度 单位为字符
*/
public double height() default 14;
/**
* 导出时在excel中每个列的宽 单位为字符
*/
public double width() default 20;
/**
* 文字后缀,如% 90 变成90%
*/
public String suffix() default "";
/**
* 当值为空时,字段的默认值
*/
public String defaultValue() default "";
/**
* 提示信息
*/
public String prompt() default "";
/**
* 设置只能选择不能输入的列内容.
*/
public String[] combo() default {};
/**
* 是否导出数据,应对需求:有时我们需要导出一份模板,这是标题需要但内容需要用户手工填写.
*/
public boolean isExport() default true;
}
第二步：实体类:
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import com.ciih.authcenter.client.util.excel.Excel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
/**
* (User)表实体类
*
* @author suzniwen
* @since 2021-04-13 16:11:55
*/
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@Data
public class User {
@Excel(name = "编号")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "主键")
private String id;
@Excel(name = "账号")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "账号")
private String loginName;
@Excel(name = "用户名")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "用户名")
private String userName;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "用户名拼音")
private String namePinyin;
@Excel(name = "性别", readConverterExp = "1=男,0=女")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "性别")
private String gender;
@Excel(name = "证件类型",readConverterExp="1=居民身份证,2=香港居民来往内地通行证,3=澳门居民来往内地通行证,4=台湾居民来往大陆通行证,6=护照")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "证件类型")
private String credType;
@Excel(name = "证件号码")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "证件号码")
private String credNum;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "机构id")
private String orgId;
@Excel(name = "机构名称")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "机构名称")
private String orgName;
@Excel(name = "电话")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "电话")
private String phone;
@Excel(name = "邮箱")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "邮箱")
private String email;
@Excel(name = "人员类型",readConverterExp = "student=学生,teacher=教师,parent=家长,system=系统人员,developers=开发者,manager=管理员")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "人员类型")
private String personType;
@Excel(name = "应用系统角色编码")
@ApiModelProperty(value = "应用系统角色编码")
private String appRoleCode;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "创建时间")
private LocalDateTime createTime;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "更新时间")
private LocalDateTime updateTime;
}
第三步：解析工具类:
package com.ciih.authcenter.client.util.excel;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.DVConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.FillPatternType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.HorizontalAlignment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.VerticalAlignment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* Excel相关操作
*
* @author sunziwen
* @version 1.0
* @date 2018-12-29 15:00
**/
public class ExcelUtil<T> {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExcelUtil.class);
private Class<T> clazz;
public ExcelUtil(Class<T> clazz) {
this.clazz = clazz;
}
/**
* 对excel表单默认第一个索引名转换成list
*
* @param input 输入流
* @return 转换后集合
*/
public List<T> importExcel(InputStream input) throws Exception {
return importExcel(StringUtils.EMPTY, input);
}
/**
* 对excel表单指定表格索引名转换成list
*
* @param sheetName 表格索引名
* @param input 输入流
* @return 转换后集合
*/
public List<T> importExcel(String sheetName, InputStream input) throws Exception {
List<T> list = new ArrayList<T>();
Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(input);
Sheet sheet = null;
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(sheetName)) {
// 如果指定sheet名,则取指定sheet中的内容.
sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName);
} else {
// 如果传入的sheet名不存在则默认指向第1个sheet.
sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
}
if (sheet == null) {
throw new IOException("文件sheet不存在");
}
int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
if (rows > 0) {
// 默认序号
int serialNum = 0;
// 有数据时才处理 得到类的所有field.
Field[] allFields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
// 定义一个map用于存放列的序号和field.
Map<Integer, Field> fieldsMap = new HashMap<Integer, Field>();
for (int col = 0; col < allFields.length; col++) {
Field field = allFields[col];
// 将有注解的field存放到map中.
if (field.isAnnotationPresent(Excel.class)) {
// 设置类的私有字段属性可访问.
field.setAccessible(true);
fieldsMap.put(++serialNum, field);
}
}
for (int i = 1; i < rows; i++) {
// 从第2行开始取数据,默认第一行是表头.
Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
int cellNum = serialNum;
T entity = null;
for (int j = 0; j < cellNum; j++) {
Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
if (cell == null) {
continue;
} else {
// 先设置Cell的类型，然后就可以把纯数字作为String类型读进来了
row.getCell(j).setCellType(CellType.STRING);
cell = row.getCell(j);
}
String c = cell.getStringCellValue();
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(c)) {
continue;
}
// 如果不存在实例则新建.
entity = (entity == null ? clazz.newInstance() : entity);
// 从map中得到对应列的field.
Field field = fieldsMap.get(j + 1);
// 取得类型,并根据对象类型设置值.
Class<?> fieldType = field.getType();
if (String.class == fieldType) {
field.set(entity, String.valueOf(c));
} else if ((Integer.TYPE == fieldType) || (Integer.class == fieldType)) {
field.set(entity, Integer.parseInt(c));
} else if ((Long.TYPE == fieldType) || (Long.class == fieldType)) {
field.set(entity, Long.valueOf(c));
} else if ((Float.TYPE == fieldType) || (Float.class == fieldType)) {
field.set(entity, Float.valueOf(c));
} else if ((Short.TYPE == fieldType) || (Short.class == fieldType)) {
field.set(entity, Short.valueOf(c));
} else if ((Double.TYPE == fieldType) || (Double.class == fieldType)) {
field.set(entity, Double.valueOf(c));
} else if (Character.TYPE == fieldType) {
if ((c != null) && (c.length() > 0)) {
field.set(entity, Character.valueOf(c.charAt(0)));
}
} else if (Date.class == fieldType) {
if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.NUMERIC) {
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
cell.setCellValue(sdf.format(cell.getNumericCellValue()));
c = sdf.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
} else {
c = cell.getStringCellValue();
}
} else if (java.math.BigDecimal.class == fieldType) {
c = cell.getStringCellValue();
}
}
if (entity != null) {
list.add(entity);
}
}
}
return list;
}
/**
* 对list数据源将其里面的数据导入到excel表单
* 针对List<Map>类型的数据
*
* @param list 导出数据集合
* @param sheetName 工作表的名称
* @return 结果
*/
public static void exportMapExcel(List<Map> list,String[]title, String sheetName,HttpServletResponse response) {
if(null == list || list.size() == 0)
return;
HSSFWorkbook workbook = null;
try {
// 产生工作薄对象
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
// excel2003中每个sheet中最多有65536行
int sheetSize = 65536;
// 取出一共有多少个sheet.
double sheetNo = Math.ceil(list.size() / sheetSize);
for (int index = 0; index <= sheetNo; index++) {
// 产生工作表对象
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
if (sheetNo == 0) {
workbook.setSheetName(index, sheetName);
} else {
// 设置工作表的名称.
workbook.setSheetName(index, sheetName + index);
}
HSSFRow row;
HSSFCell cell; // 产生单元格
// 产生第一行，写入标题
row = sheet.createRow(0);
if(null == title || title.length == 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("导出错误");
}
for(int i = 0;i<title.length;i++) {
cell = row.createCell(i);
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
cell.setCellValue(title[i]);
}
int cell_idx = 0;
int startNo = index * sheetSize;
int endNo = Math.min(startNo + sheetSize, list.size());
// 写入各条记录,每条记录对应excel表中的一行
for (int i = startNo; i < endNo; i++) {
row = sheet.createRow(i + 1 - startNo);
// 得到导出对象.
Map map = list.get(i);
Set keySet = map.keySet();
Iterator values = keySet.iterator();
cell_idx = 0;
while(values.hasNext()) {
Object value = map.get(values.next());
cell = row.createCell(cell_idx);
cell.setCellValue(value.toString());
cell_idx++;
}
}
}
//String filename = encodingFilename(sheetName);
response.setHeader("content-Type", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(sheetName, "UTF-8"));
// response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
// response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, "UTF-8"));
response.flushBuffer();
workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());
//return filename;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("导出Excel异常{}", e.getMessage());
throw new RuntimeException("导出Excel失败，请联系网站管理员！");
} finally {
if (workbook != null) {
try {
workbook.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* 对list数据源将其里面的数据导入到excel表单
*
* @param list 导出数据集合
* @param sheetName 工作表的名称
* @return 结果
*/
public void exportExcel(List<T> list, String sheetName,HttpServletResponse response) {
HSSFWorkbook workbook = null;
try {
// 得到所有定义字段
Field[] allFields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<Field>();
// 得到所有field并存放到一个list中.
for (Field field : allFields) {
if (field.isAnnotationPresent(Excel.class)) {
fields.add(field);
}
}
// 产生工作薄对象
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
// excel2003中每个sheet中最多有65536行
int sheetSize = 65536;
// 取出一共有多少个sheet.
double sheetNo = Math.ceil(list.size() / sheetSize);
for (int index = 0; index <= sheetNo; index++) {
// 产生工作表对象
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
if (sheetNo == 0) {
workbook.setSheetName(index, sheetName);
} else {
// 设置工作表的名称.
workbook.setSheetName(index, sheetName + index);
}
HSSFRow row;
HSSFCell cell; // 产生单元格
// 产生一行
row = sheet.createRow(0);
// 写入各个字段的列头名称
for (int i = 0; i < fields.size(); i++) {
Field field = fields.get(i);
Excel attr = field.getAnnotation(Excel.class);
// 创建列
cell = row.createCell(i);
// 设置列中写入内容为String类型
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
if (attr.name().indexOf("注：") >= 0) {
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setColor(HSSFFont.COLOR_RED);
cellStyle.setFont(font);
cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.YELLOW.getIndex());
sheet.setColumnWidth(i, 6000);
} else {
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
// 粗体显示
font.setBold(true);
// 选择需要用到的字体格式
cellStyle.setFont(font);
cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.LIGHT_YELLOW.getIndex());
// 设置列宽
sheet.setColumnWidth(i, (int) ((attr.width() + 0.72) * 256));
row.setHeight((short) (attr.height() * 20));
}
cellStyle.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
cellStyle.setWrapText(true);
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
// 写入列名
cell.setCellValue(attr.name());
// 如果设置了提示信息则鼠标放上去提示.
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(attr.prompt())) {
// 这里默认设了2-101列提示.
setHSSFPrompt(sheet, "", attr.prompt(), 1, 100, i, i);
}
// 如果设置了combo属性则本列只能选择不能输入
if (attr.combo().length > 0) {
// 这里默认设了2-101列只能选择不能输入.
setHSSFValidation(sheet, attr.combo(), 1, 100, i, i);
}
}
int startNo = index * sheetSize;
int endNo = Math.min(startNo + sheetSize, list.size());
// 写入各条记录,每条记录对应excel表中的一行
HSSFCellStyle cs = workbook.createCellStyle();
cs.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
cs.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
for (int i = startNo; i < endNo; i++) {
row = sheet.createRow(i + 1 - startNo);
// 得到导出对象.
T vo = (T) list.get(i);
for (int j = 0; j < fields.size(); j++) {
// 获得field.
Field field = fields.get(j);
// 设置实体类私有属性可访问
field.setAccessible(true);
Excel attr = field.getAnnotation(Excel.class);
try {
// 设置行高
row.setHeight((short) (attr.height() * 20));
// 根据Excel中设置情况决定是否导出,有些情况需要保持为空,希望用户填写这一列.
if (attr.isExport()) {
// 创建cell
cell = row.createCell(j);
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
if (vo == null) {
// 如果数据存在就填入,不存在填入空格.
cell.setCellValue("");
continue;
}
String dateFormat = attr.dateFormat();
String readConverterExp = attr.readConverterExp();
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(dateFormat)) {
cell.setCellValue(new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat).format((Date) field.get(vo)));
} else if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(readConverterExp)) {
cell.setCellValue(convertByExp(String.valueOf(field.get(vo)), readConverterExp));
} else {
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
// 如果数据存在就填入,不存在填入空格.
cell.setCellValue(field.get(vo) == null ? attr.defaultValue() : field.get(vo) + attr.suffix());
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("导出Excel失败{}", e.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
//String filename = encodingFilename(sheetName);
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(sheetName, "UTF-8"));
response.flushBuffer();
workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("导出Excel异常{}", e.getMessage());
throw new RuntimeException("导出Excel失败，请联系网站管理员！");
} finally {
if (workbook != null) {
try {
workbook.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* 设置单元格上提示
*
* @param sheet 要设置的sheet.
* @param promptTitle 标题
* @param promptContent 内容
* @param firstRow 开始行
* @param endRow 结束行
* @param firstCol 开始列
* @param endCol 结束列
* @return 设置好的sheet.
*/
private static HSSFSheet setHSSFPrompt(HSSFSheet sheet, String promptTitle, String promptContent, int firstRow,
int endRow, int firstCol, int endCol) {
// 构造constraint对象
DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createCustomFormulaConstraint("DD1");
// 四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow, endRow, firstCol, endCol);
// 数据有效性对象
HSSFDataValidation dataValidationView = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
dataValidationView.createPromptBox(promptTitle, promptContent);
sheet.addValidationData(dataValidationView);
return sheet;
}
/**
* 设置某些列的值只能输入预制的数据,显示下拉框.
*
* @param sheet 要设置的sheet.
* @param textlist 下拉框显示的内容
* @param firstRow 开始行
* @param endRow 结束行
* @param firstCol 开始列
* @param endCol 结束列
* @return 设置好的sheet.
*/
private static HSSFSheet setHSSFValidation(HSSFSheet sheet, String[] textlist, int firstRow, int endRow,
int firstCol, int endCol) {
// 加载下拉列表内容
DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(textlist);
// 设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上,四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow, endRow, firstCol, endCol);
// 数据有效性对象
HSSFDataValidation dataValidationList = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
sheet.addValidationData(dataValidationList);
return sheet;
}
/**
* 解析导出值 0=男,1=女,2=未知
*
* @param propertyValue 参数值
* @param converterExp 翻译注解
* @return 解析后值
* @throws Exception
*/
private static String convertByExp(String propertyValue, String converterExp) throws Exception {
try {
String[] convertSource = converterExp.split(",");
for (String item : convertSource) {
String[] itemArray = item.split("=");
if (itemArray[0].equals(propertyValue)) {
return itemArray[1];
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
}
return propertyValue;
}
/**
* 编码文件名
*/
/*private static String encodingFilename(String filename) {
filename = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "_" + filename + ".xls";
return filename;
}*/
}
第四步：使用:（该方法最好是返回void或者返回null），否则后台会报错（不影响运行）
@PostMapping("/export")
@ResponseBody
public void export()
{
ExcelUtil<User> excelUtil = new ExcelUtil<>(User.class);
//要导出的数据集
List<User> list = getList();
excelUtil.exportExcel(list, "userInformation.xlsx", ServletUtils.getResponse());
}
附件：前端代码：
exportExcel() {
let link = document.createElement('a');
link.style.display = 'none'
axios({
url: 'http://test.cih.net/user/pageExport',
methods: "get",
data: {},
headers: {
token: 'eyJ0eXB1234bklkIjoie1wiZWnm7jwkJtbvdcnqo'
}
}).then((res) => {
let blob = new Blob([res.data], {
type: "application/vnd.ms-excel"
}); // 2.获取请求返回的response对象中的blob 设置文件类型，这里以excel为例
let url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob); // 3.创建一个临时的url指向blob对象
// 4.创建url之后可以模拟对此文件对象的一系列操作，例如：预览、下载
let a = document.createElement("a");
a.href = url;
a.download = "导出表格.xlsx";
a.click();
// 5.释放这个临时的对象url
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
})
}
783
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