Android Studio 关于Android.mk的解读

转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/reality-soul/p/6893248.html
Android.mk是Android提供的一种makefile文件，用来指定诸如编译生成so库名、引用的头文件目录、需要编译的.c/.cpp文件和.a静态库文件等。

一般在jni的文件夹下会有Andorid.mk和Application.mk的配置文件

Android.mk 解读：

LOCAL_PATH
LOCAL_PATH变量制定了该.mk的路径，$(call my-dir)调用NDK内部的函数获得当前.mk文件的路径；
每个Android.mk文件必须以定义LOCAL_PATH为开始。它用于在开发tree中查找源文件。宏my-dir 则由Build System提供。返回包含Android.mk的目录路径。

//设置当前模块的编译路径为当前文件夹路径。
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) 

include $(CLEAR_VARS)
CLEAR_VARS 变量由Build System提供。并指向一个指定的GNU Makefile，由它负责清理很多LOCAL_xxx.
例如：LOCAL_MODULE, LOCAL_SRC_FILES, LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES等等。但不清理LOCAL_PATH.
这个清理动作是必须的，因为所有的编译控制文件由同一个GNU Make解析和执行，其变量是全局的。所以清理后才能避免相互影响。

//清空了除了LOCAL_PATH之外的所有LOCAL_xxx变量的值，
include $(CLEAR_VARS)

定义变量（通常为路径）

//定义OPENCV_PATH
OPENCV_PATH := /Users/TNC/opencv-3.2.0_lite

//调用
$(OPENCV_PATH)/build/lib/armeabi-v7a/libopencv_calib3d.a

LOCAL_MODULE

当前模块的名称，这个名称应当是唯一的，模块间的依赖关系就是通过这个名称来引用的。
LOCAL_MODULE模块必须定义，以表示Android.mk中的每一个模块。名字必须唯一且不包含空格。

LOCAL_MODULE := hello

LOCAL_MODULE_PATH

指定最后生成的模块的目标地址

LOCAL_MODULE_PATH :=$(TARGET_ROOT_OUT) 

LOCAL_SRC_FILES

LOCAL_SRC_FILES变量必须包含将要打包如模块的C/C++ 源码。不必列出头文件，build System 会自动帮我们找出依赖文件。缺省的C++源码的扩展名为.cpp. 也可以修改，通过LOCAL_CPP_EXTENSION

//当前模块包含的所有源代码文件
OCAL_SRC_FILES := hello.cpp

//以hello.cpp来生成hell.so
LOCAL_MODULE := hello
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := hello.cpp

include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY：是Build System提供的一个变量，指向一个GNU Makefile Script。
它负责收集自从上次调用 include $(CLEAR_VARS) 后的所有LOCAL_XXX信息。并决定编译为什么。

比较常见的模块设置:

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)  
include $(CLEAR_VARS)  
................  
LOCAL_xxx       := xxx  
LOCAL_MODULE    := hello-jni  
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := hello-jni.c  
LOCAL_xxx       := xxx  
................  
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY) 

使用示例：

#编译静态库    
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)    
include $(CLEAR_VARS)    
LOCAL_MODULE = libhellos    
LOCAL_CFLAGS = $(L_CFLAGS)    
LOCAL_SRC_FILES = hellos.c    
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES = $(INCLUDES)    
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcutils    
LOCAL_COPY_HEADERS_TO := libhellos    
LOCAL_COPY_HEADERS := hellos.h    
include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)    
    
#编译动态库    
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)    
include $(CLEAR_VARS)    
LOCAL_MODULE = libhellod    
LOCAL_CFLAGS = $(L_CFLAGS)    
LOCAL_SRC_FILES = hellod.c    
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES = $(INCLUDES)    
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcutils    
LOCAL_COPY_HEADERS_TO := libhellod    
LOCAL_COPY_HEADERS := hellod.h    
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)    
    
#使用静态库    
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)    
include $(CLEAR_VARS)    
LOCAL_MODULE := hellos    
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libhellos    
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES :=    
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -ldl    
LOCAL_CFLAGS := $(L_CFLAGS)    
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := mains.c    
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(INCLUDES)    
include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)    
    
#使用动态库    
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)    
include $(CLEAR_VARS)    
LOCAL_MODULE := hellod    
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := debug    
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libc libcutils libhellod    
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -ldl    
LOCAL_CFLAGS := $(L_CFLAGS)    
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := maind.c    
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(INCLUDES)    
include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)    
  
  
#拷贝文件到指定目录  
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)  
include $(CLEAR_VARS)  
LOCAL_MODULE := bt_vendor.conf  
LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := ETC  
LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT)/etc/bluetooth  
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := eng  
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(LOCAL_MODULE)  
include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)  
  
  
#拷贝动态库到指定目录  
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)  
include $(CLEAR_VARS)  
#the data or lib you want to copy  
LOCAL_MODULE := libxxx.so  
LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := SHARED_LIBRARIES  
LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(ANDROID_OUT_SHARED_LIBRARIES)  
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := lib/$(LOCAL_MODULE )  
OVERRIDE_BUILD_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT_INTERMEDIATE_LIBRARIES)  
include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)