struts拦截器的使用

做一个简单的例子，用户只有在成功登录之后，进行添加教师信息，然后在返回到当前界面，主要用到了拦截器，防止用户未登录时直接访问添加教师信息这个界面。由于例子很小就不访问数据库了。struts的配置在之前也提到过了在这里也不重复了

拦截器作用：拦截器是动态拦截Action调用的对象。它提供了一种机制可以使开发者可以定义在一个action执行的前后执行的代码，也可以在一个action执行前阻止其执行。同时也是提供了一种可以提取action中可重用的部分的方式。

自定义拦截器：

①建一个类实现接口Interceptor

②实现接口的intercept（）方法

③在struts.xml中的<package>元素中加入拦截器，

④需要注意的是，若想使用拦截器必须将这个拦截器放到相应的action中，但是这又出现一个问题，如果为当前action设置了一个拦截器，那么其原来默认的所以拦截器都会失效，因此需要用到了拦截器栈的概念。

⑤

<interceptors>
		<interceptor name="seinpt" class="com.inpt.SessionInterceptor"></interceptor>
		
		<interceptor-stack name="sysinpt">
			<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
			<interceptor-ref name="seinpt"></interceptor-ref>
		</interceptor-stack>
	</interceptors>

⑥在<package>中<default-interceptor-ref name="sysinpt"></default-interceptor-ref>。他自己会自动调用你设计的拦截器 并且保留默认的一些拦截器。

 

下面是完整的这个小例子的包以及文件截图

一、com.action

①LoginAction.java 用户登录验证若账号等于sdd密码等于sdd那么登录成功，session中存入当前user

package com.action;

import com.bean.User;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;

public class LoginAction {

	private User u;
	
	public User getU() {
		return u;
	}

	public void setU(User u) {
		this.u = u;
	}

	public String login(){
		System.out.println(u);
		if(u.getLogname().equals("sdd")&&u.getPassword().equals("sdd")){
			ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("user",u);
			System.out.println("登录成功");
			return "success";
		}
		return "unsuccess";
	}
}

②TeacherAction.java

package com.action;

import com.bean.Teacher;

public class TeacherAction {

	private Teacher t;

	public Teacher getT() {
		return t;
	}

	public void setT(Teacher t) {
		this.t = t;
	}
	public String addInfo(){
		System.out.println(t.getTname());
		System.out.println(t.getTage());
		return "success";
	}
	public String deleteInfo(){
		return "success";
	}
	public String updateInfo(){
		return "success";
	}
}

 

二、com.bean

①Teacher.java

package com.bean;

public class Teacher {

	private String tname;
	private int tage;
	public String getTname() {
		return tname;
	}
	public void setTname(String tname) {
		this.tname = tname;
	}
	public int getTage() {
		return tage;
	}
	public void setTage(int tage) {
		this.tage = tage;
	}
	public Teacher(String tname, int tage) {
		super();
		this.tname = tname;
		this.tage = tage;
	}
	public Teacher() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	
}

 

②User.java

package com.bean;

public class User {

	private String logname;
	private String password;
	public String getLogname() {
		return logname;
	}
	public void setLogname(String logname) {
		this.logname = logname;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public User(String logname, String password) {
		super();
		this.logname = logname;
		this.password = password;
	}
	public User() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}

 

三、com.inpt

①SessionInterceptor.java  拦截器动态拦截Action方法调用的对象

package com.inpt;

import com.action.LoginAction;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor;

public class SessionInterceptor  implements Interceptor{

	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	public void init() {
		System.out.println("拦截器初始化=======");
		
	}
	public String intercept(ActionInvocation arg0) throws Exception {
		if(!arg0.getAction().getClass().equals(LoginAction.class)){
			ActionContext act=ActionContext.getContext();
			if(act.getSession().get("user")==null){
				return "unsuccess";
			}
		}
		return arg0.invoke();
	}

}

 

四、struts.xml

<interceptor name="seinpt" class="com.inpt.SessionInterceptor"></interceptor>设置一个拦截器，名称为seinpt

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>

<package name="sys" extends="struts-default" namespace="" abstract="true">
<global-results>
<result name="success">/welcome.jsp</result>
<result name="unsuccess">/index.jsp</result>
</global-results>
</package>

<package name="app" extends="sys" namespace="/sysjsp">
	<interceptors>
		<interceptor name="seinpt" class="com.inpt.SessionInterceptor"></interceptor>
		
		<interceptor-stack name="sysinpt">
			<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
			<interceptor-ref name="seinpt"></interceptor-ref>
		</interceptor-stack>
	</interceptors>
	
	<default-interceptor-ref name="sysinpt"></default-interceptor-ref>
	
	<action name="logac_*" class="com.action.LoginAction" method="{1}">
	</action>
    <action name="teacher_*" class="com.action.TeacherAction" method="{1}">
    </action>
</package>
</struts>    

 

五、jsp界面

①index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>
  
  <body>
   <form action="sysjsp/logac_login" method="post">
   账号：<input type="text" name="u.logname"><br/>
   密码：<input type="text" name="u.password"><br/>
   <input type="submit"><br/>
   </form>
  </body>
</html>

 

②welcome.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'welcome.jsp' starting page</title>
    
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->

  </head>
  
  <body>
  您好：${u.logname}
  <br/>
  <form action="sysjsp/teacher_addInfo" method="post">
  教师姓名：<input type="text" name="t.tname"><br/>
   教师年龄：<input type="text" name="t.tage"><br/>
    <input type="submit"><br/>
  </form>
  </body>
</html>