信号量为多线程协作提供了更为强大的控制方法。广义上说,信号量是对锁的扩展。信号量可以指定多个线程,同时访问一个资源。
public Semaphore(int permits)
public Semaphore(int permits,boolean fair)
下面给一个例子,有20个人吃饭,但是只有5张桌子,所以要用信号量控制一下。
public class SemaphoreTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int deskNum = 5;
Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(deskNum);
for(int i=0;i<20;i++){
new Thread(new Eater(semaphore,"eater"+i)).start();
}
}
}
class Eater implements Runnable{
private Semaphore semaphore;
private String eaterName;
public Eater(Semaphore semaphore, String workerName) {
this.semaphore = semaphore;
this.eaterName = workerName;
}
public void run() {
try {
semaphore.acquire();
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println(eaterName + " 吃完饭了,把桌子让出来");
semaphore.release();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
因为Semaphore可以控制并发访问的线程数,所以很多人用它来进行上线前的性能测试。