在STL容器的操作中,往往需要遍历删除某些元素,本文将给出如何遍历删除元素的快速方法。同时说明List和Deque删除元素的区别。
至于List和Deque,甚至Vector的区别,读者自行去了解,网上很多解释。这里只说明迭代器的区别,让大家快速正确的使用STL容器。
List在Erase后,迭代器仍然可以使用;Deque在Erase后,队列结果发生了变化,迭代器将与之不兼容,执行会报错。STL容器删除元素后,会返回一个迭代器,此迭代器指向当前删除元素的后继元素或是end(),可以通过此方法解决deque的遍历删除报错问题。上代码:
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <deque>
using namespace std;
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
// 1.list的遍历删除,正确运行
list<string> list;
list.push_back("H");
list.push_back("E");
list.push_back("?");
list.push_back("L");
list.push_back("L");
list.push_back("?");
list.push_back("?");
list.push_back("O");
list.push_back("?");
list.push_back("?");
std::list<string>::iterator listIter = list.begin();
for (; listIter != list.end();)
{
if ("?" != *listIter)
{
++listIter;
}
else
{
list.erase(listIter++);
}
}
for (listIter = list.begin(); listIter != list.end(); ++listIter)
{
std::cout << " " << *listIter << " ";
}
2.deque的遍历删除,将报错
//std::deque<string> deque;
//deque.push_back("H");
//deque.push_back("E");
//deque.push_back("?");
//deque.push_back("L");
//deque.push_back("L");
//deque.push_back("?");
//deque.push_back("?");
//deque.push_back("O");
//deque.push_back("?");
//deque.push_back("?");
//std::deque<string>::iterator dequeIter = deque.begin();
//for (; dequeIter != deque.end();)
//{
// if ("?" != *dequeIter)
// {
// ++dequeIter;
// }
// else
// {
// deque.erase(dequeIter++);
// }
//}
//for (dequeIter = deque.begin(); dequeIter != deque.end(); ++dequeIter)
//{
// std::cout << " " << *dequeIter << " ";
//}
// 3.deque的遍历删除,正确运行
std::deque<string> deque;
deque.push_back("H");
deque.push_back("E");
deque.push_back("?");
deque.push_back("L");
deque.push_back("L");
deque.push_back("?");
deque.push_back("?");
deque.push_back("O");
deque.push_back("?");
deque.push_back("?");
std::deque<string>::iterator dequeIter = deque.begin();
for (; dequeIter != deque.end();)
{
if ("?" != *dequeIter)
{
++dequeIter;
}
else
{
dequeIter = deque.erase(dequeIter);
}
}
for (dequeIter = deque.begin(); dequeIter != deque.end(); ++dequeIter)
{
std::cout << " " << *dequeIter << " ";
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}