Python内置函数进制转换的用法

Python内置函数进制转换的用法

(2013-04-23 20:29:29)

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分类：python

使用Python内置函数：bin()、oct()、int()、hex()可实现进制转换。

先看Python官方文档中对这几个内置函数的描述：

bin(x)
Convert an integer number to a binary string. The result is a validPython expression. If x is not a Python int object, it has todefine an __index__() method that returns an integer.

oct(x)
Convert an integer number to an octal string. The result is a validPython expression. If x is not a Python int object, it has todefine an __index__() method that returns an integer.

int([number | string[, base]])
Convert a number or string to an integer. If no arguments aregiven, return 0. If a number is given, return number.__int__().Conversion of floating point numbers to integers truncates towardszero. A string must be a base-radix integer literal optionallypreceded by ‘+’ or ‘-‘ (with no space in between) and optionallysurrounded by whitespace. A base-n literal consists of the digits 0to n-1, with ‘a’ to ‘z’ (or ‘A’ to ‘Z’) having values 10 to 35. Thedefault base is 10. The allowed values are 0 and 2-36. Base-2, -8,and -16 literals can be optionally prefixed with 0b/0B, 0o/0O, or0x/0X, as with integer literals in code. Base 0 means to interpretexactly as a code literal, so that the actual base is 2, 8, 10, or16, and so that int('010', 0) is not legal, while int('010') is, aswell as int('010', 8).

hex(x)
Convert an integer number to a hexadecimal string. The result is avalid Python expression. If x is not a Python int object, it has todefine an __index__() method that returns an integer.

↓	2进制	8进制	10进制	16进制
2进制	-	bin(int(x, 8))	bin(int(x, 10))	bin(int(x, 16))
8进制	oct(int(x, 2))	-	oct(int(x, 10))	oct(int(x, 16))
10进制	int(x, 2)	int(x, 8)	-	int(x, 16)
16进制	hex(int(x, 2))	hex(int(x, 8))	hex(int(x, 10))	-

bin()、oct()、hex()的返回值均为字符串，且分别带有0b、0o、0x前缀。

Python进制转换（二进制、十进制和十六进制）实例

#!/usr/bin/env 

python
#  -*-  coding:  utf-8  -*-
#  2/10/16  base  trans.  wrote  by  srcdog  on  20th,  April,  2009
#  ld  elements  in  base  2,  10,  16.

import  os,sys

#  global  definition
#  base  =  [0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,  A,  B,  C,  D,  E,  F]
base  =  [str(x)  for  x  in  range(10)]  +  [  chr(x)  for  x  in  range(ord('A'),ord('A')+6)]

#  bin2dec
#  二进制  to  十进制:  int(str,n=10) 
def  bin2dec(string_num):
        return  str(int(string_num,  2))

#  hex2dec
#  十六进制  to  十进制
def  hex2dec(string_num):
        return  str(int(string_num.upper(),  16))
#  dec2bin
#  十进制  to  二进制:  bin() 
def  dec2bin(string_num):
        num  =  int(string_num)
        mid  =  []
        while  True:
                if  num  ==  0:  break
                num,rem  =  divmod(num,  2)
                mid.append(base[rem])

        return  ''.join([str(x)  for  x  in  mid[::-1]])

#  dec2hex
#  十进制  to  八进制:  oct() 
#  十进制  to  十六进制:  hex() 
def  dec2hex(string_num):
        num  =  int(string_num)
        mid  =  []
        while  True:
                if  num  ==  0:  break
                num,rem  =  divmod(num,  16)
                mid.append(base[rem])

        return  ''.join([str(x)  for  x  in  mid[::-1]])

#  hex2tobin
#  十六进制  to  二进制:  bin(int(str,16)) 
def  hex2bin(string_num):
        return  dec2bin(hex2dec(string_num.upper()))

#  bin2hex
#  二进制  to  十六进制:  hex(int(str,2)) 
def  bin2hex(string_num):
        return  dec2hex(bin2dec(string_num))