robotium+recorder

robotium测试demo

1. demo是独立app，demo和测试app同时安装到设备上。打开demo点击测试按钮，开始测试。脱离开发环境，测试报告将生成xml文件，通过webview加载到demo上。
2. https://github.com/RobotiumTech/robotium 下载jar包 或者源码。此demo下载源码放入项目中，方便学习，查看。
   
3. 安装 robotium recorder。官方网址http://robotium.myshopify.com/products/robotium-recorder 。eclipse安装 Help >  Install New Software,add添加http://recorder.robotium.com/updates
4. 新建项目。File > New > Other > Android - Robotium Recorder
5. 看提示 选中要测试的app项目，点击Next > New Robotium Test，等app在设备或者虚拟机上跑起来后，就可以开始你的要测试的操作。完成后 Save > finish。Package Explorer里面会多处一个你的测试项目。先看下AndroidManifest.xml和 src下面自动生成的代码。下面将重写InstrumentationTestRunner 类，生成我们自己想要的xml文件。
6. 新建在com.xxx.example类下新建InstrumentationTestRunner 继承 android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner。

public class InstrumentationTestRunner extends android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner {  
    private Writer mWriter;  
    private XmlSerializer mTestSuiteSerializer;  
    private long mTestStarted;  
    private static final String JUNIT_XML_FILE = "TEST-REPORT.xml";  
      
    
    @Override  
    public void onStart() {
    	
        try{  
            File fileRobo = new File(getTestResultDir(getTargetContext()));  
            if(!fileRobo.exists()){  
                fileRobo.mkdir();  
            }  
            if(isSDCardAvaliable()){      
                File resultFile = new File(getTestResultDir(getTargetContext()),JUNIT_XML_FILE);  
                startJUnitOutput(new FileWriter(resultFile));  
            }else{  
                startJUnitOutput(new FileWriter(new File(getTargetContext().getFilesDir(), JUNIT_XML_FILE)));  
            }              
        }  
        catch(IOException e){  
            throw new RuntimeException(e);  
        }  
        super.onStart();  
    }  
  
    void startJUnitOutput(Writer writer) {  
        try {  
            mWriter = writer;  
            mTestSuiteSerializer = newSerializer(mWriter);  
            mTestSuiteSerializer.startDocument(null, null);  
            mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, Tag.SUITS);  
            mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, Tag.SUIT);  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            throw new RuntimeException(e);  
        }  
    }  
    
      
    /** 
     * 判断SD卡是否存在 
     * @return 
     */  
    private boolean isSDCardAvaliable(){  
        return Environment.getExternalStorageState()  
                    .equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);   
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 获取测试结果报告文件所在的路径 
     * @param context  被测工程的context 
     * @return  返回测试结果报告文件所在的路径 
     */  
    private String getTestResultDir(Context context){  
        String packageName = "/" + "robotium";  
        String filepath = context.getCacheDir().getPath() + packageName;  
          
        if(android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 8){  
            if(isSDCardAvaliable()){  
                filepath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+ packageName;  
            }  
        }else{  
            if(isSDCardAvaliable()){  
                filepath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+ packageName;  
            }  
        }
        return filepath;  
    }  
      
    private XmlSerializer newSerializer(Writer writer) {  
        try {  
            XmlPullParserFactory pf = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance();  
            XmlSerializer serializer = pf.newSerializer();  
            serializer.setOutput(writer);  
            return serializer;  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            throw new RuntimeException(e);  
        }          
    }  
      
    @Override  
    public void sendStatus(int resultCode, Bundle results) {  
        super.sendStatus(resultCode, results);  
        switch (resultCode) {  
            case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_ERROR:  
            case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_FAILURE:  
            case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_OK:  
            try {  
                recordTestResult(resultCode, results);  
                } catch (IOException e) {  
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);  
                }  
                break;  
            case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_START:  
                recordTestStart(results);  
            default:  
                break;  
        }  
    }  
      
    void recordTestStart(Bundle results) {  
        mTestStarted = System.currentTimeMillis();  
    }
    
    boolean isSuccess = true;
  
    void recordTestResult(int resultCode, Bundle results) throws IOException { 

        float time = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mTestStarted) / 1000.0f; 
        
        String className = results.getString(REPORT_KEY_NAME_CLASS);  
        String testMethod = results.getString(REPORT_KEY_NAME_TEST);  
        String stack = results.getString(REPORT_KEY_STACK);  
        int current = results.getInt(REPORT_KEY_NUM_CURRENT);  
        int total = results.getInt(REPORT_KEY_NUM_TOTAL);  
                 
        mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, Tag.SUIT);  
        mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "classname", className);
        mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "name", testMethod);  
          
        if (resultCode != REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_OK) { 
        	isSuccess = false;
            mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null,Tag.REASON);  
            if (stack != null) {  
                String reason = stack.substring(0, stack.indexOf('\n'));  
                String message = "";  
                int index = reason.indexOf(':');  
                if (index > -1) {  
                    message = reason.substring(index+1);  
                    reason = reason.substring(0, index);  
                }  
                mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "message", message);  
                mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "type", reason);  
                mTestSuiteSerializer.text(stack);  
            }  
            mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, Tag.REASON);  
        } else {  
            mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null,Tag.TIME, String.format("%.3f", time));  
        }  
        mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, Tag.SUIT);          
        if (current == total) {             
            mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, Tag.SUIT);  
            mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, "测试结果");
            if(isSuccess) {            	
            	mTestSuiteSerializer.text("恭喜！测试通过！");            	
            } else {
            	mTestSuiteSerializer.text("Sorry！请查看具体错误！！");
            }
            mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, "测试结果");
            mTestSuiteSerializer.flush();  
        }  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void finish(int resultCode, Bundle results) {  
        endTestSuites(); 
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.xxx.example.test", "com.xxx.example.test.HomeActivity"));
        getTargetContext().startActivity(intent);
        super.finish(resultCode, results);
        
        
    }  
  
    void endTestSuites() {  
        try {  
            mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, Tag.SUITS);  
            mTestSuiteSerializer.endDocument();  
            mTestSuiteSerializer.flush();  
            mWriter.flush();  
            mWriter.close();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            throw new RuntimeException(e);  
        }  
    }  
}

注意finish时，我们重启了我们的测试app的HomeActivity。测试报告路径为：

Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/robotium/TEST-REPORT.xml"

7.新建app的HomeActivity  这里就添加一个Button，一个textView和webview. 在按钮的点击事件

Log.d("HomeActivity", "start button is onClicked!");
				
if(!startInstrumentation(new ComponentName(getPackageName(), getPackageName()+".InstrumentationTestRunner"), null, null)) {
	result.setText("启动测试失败");
} else {
    result.setText("测试中...");
    try {
	Thread.sleep(1000);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
	// TODO Auto-generated catch block
	e.printStackTrace();
    }
    HomeActivity.this.finish();
}

通过startInstrumenation来启动测试,启动成功退出当前activity.这里要把我们上面重写的InstrumentationTestRunner类放在getPackageName()下。

HomeActivity的OnResume里面加载测试报告的xml文件  webView.loadUrl(path)即可。

8.配置AndroidManifest.xml  manifest下添加

<instrumentation
        android:name="com.xxx.example.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
        android:targetPackage="com.xxx.example" />

application下正常配置HomeActivity额外添加 <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />

9.运行项目。以Android Application运行，点击测试按钮启动测试。测试完成后，返回测试app并加载测试结果。

大致就是这些过程。这只是demo，正的测试还要完善xml的格式，recorder自动生成的测试用例等。自己的项目中包含公司信息，就不贴出来分享了。有什么指点或疑问，欢迎留言交流......